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1 contexo
con-texo, texuī, textum, ere1) соткать ( villos ovium C); заткать ( aliquid auro Tib)3) сооружать ( navem viminibus Cs); создавать ( opus Cs); сколачивать, строить ( equum trabibus V)4) составлять, сочинять (librum Sen; orationem Q); выдумывать, замышлять ( crimen C)5)а) сочетать, связывать, соединять ( extrema cum primis C); присоединять, добавлять ( epilogum defensioni Sen)б) ставить рядом, сдвигать ( corpora condensa contextaque Lcr)6) продолжать, развивать ( carmen longius C)c. interrupta C — продолжать прерванное -
2 a
a, f., n., indécl., [première lettre de l’alphabet] Cic. Div. 1, 23 II abréviations diverses: A. = Aulus [prénom] II = antiquo, je rejette [la proposition sur les bulletins de vote dans les comices] II = absolvo, j’absous [sur les bulletins des juges] ; [d’où l’appellation] littera salutaris Cic. Mil. 15 II A. U. C. = anno urbis conditae ; a. u. c. = ab urbe condita ; a. d. VIII Kal. Nov. = ante diem octavum Kalendas Novembres II [dans les inscr.] A. = Augustus ; A.A. = Augusti duo ; A.A.A. = Augusti tres ; III viri A.A.A.F.F. = triumviri auro, argento, aeri flando, feriundo. ā, ou āh, interj., v. ah. ā, ăb, abs, prép. avec abl. (ἀπό). [ABCR]I [point de départ] [zapst]¶1 [avec des v. de mouvement, tr. ou int., simples ou composés] de: a) a signo Vortumni in Circum Maximum venire Cic. Verr. 1, 154: venir de la statue de Vertumne au Cirque Maxime, v. proficiscor, discedo, arcesso, etc ; b) [avec noms de pers.] de chez, d’auprès: a Caesare redire, Cic. Q. 2, 4, 6: revenir de chez César ; c) [sans verbe] non ille Serranus ab aratro, Cic. Sest. 72: non pas le fameux Serranus venu de sa charrue; quid tu, inquit, huc? a villa enim, credo, Cic. Fin. 3, 8: eh! dit-il, pourquoi toi ici? c’est de ta maison de campagne que tu viens, sans doute; d) [en parl de lettres] de la part de: litterae adlatae ab L. Porcio praetore, Liv. 26, 39, 1: une lettre apportée de la part du préteur L. Porcius, cf. Cic. Att. 7, 15, 5 ; 1, 15, 2; e) [avec adesse, marquant résultat du mouvement] adest a milite, Plaut. Ps. 924: il est là venant de la part du militaire, cf. Mil. 958, 1046; Ter. And. 268; Virg. En. 7, 454; dona adsunt tibi a Phaedria, Ter. Eun. 465: il y a là pour toi des présents de la part de Phaedria. f) [avec les noms de ville] de = des environs de [et non pas de l’intérieur de]: Cic., Caes. [zapst]¶2 [pour marquer la provenance] petere, postulare, quaerere, demander à; impetrare, obtenir de; accipere, recevoir de; habere, tenir de, etc.; emere, acheter à; sumere, haurire, prendre à, puiser à; trahere, tirer de; ducere, faire venir de, etc.; discere, audire, apprendre de, entendre de, etc. [zapst]¶3 [idée d’origine] a) oriri, prendre naissance à; fluere, découler de; nasci, naître de; proficisci, partir de, provenir de; ea sunt omnia non a natura, verum a magistro, Cic. Mur. 61: ces imperfections proviennent toutes non pas de la nature, mais du maître, cf. Har. 39; Fin. 1, 21; Off. 2, 69; sed haec et vetera et a Graecis, Cic. Tusc. 1, 74: mais tout cela c'est ancien et aussi tiré de l’histoire grecque, cf. Fam. 3, 13, 1; 5, 3, 1; 9, 16, 7; Par. 11; Sest. 122; b) [idée de naissance, de descendance] a Deucalione ortus, Tusc. 1, 21: né de Deucalion; a M. Tullio esse, Cic. Br. 62: descendre de M. Tullius II [filiation philosophique, littéraire, etc.] ab his oratores exstiterunt, Cic. Fin. 5, 7: d’eux (Péripatéticiens) sortirent des orateurs; erat ab isto Aristotele, Cic. de Or. 2, 160: il était de l’école de votre Aristote, cf. Or. 113; Mur. 63; c) Turnus Herdonius ab Aricia, Liv. l, 50, 3 [= Aricinus]: Turnus Herdonius d’Aricie, cf. 6, 13, 8; 6, 17, 7; pastor ab Amphryso, Virg. G. 3, 2: le berger Amphrysien [du fleuve Amphrysus] II de la maison de, [en parl. d’un esclave] Plaut. Ps. 616; Mil. 160; Curc. 407; Ter. And. 756; d) [étymologie] mater autem est a gerendis fructibus Ceres tamquam "Geres", Cic. Nat. 2, 67: quant à sa mère, son nom, Cérès, qui est comme Gérès, vient de gerere fructus, porter, produire les fruits, cf. 2, 64; 68; 2, 111; Leg. 2, 55; Varr. R. 1, 46; 2, 4, 17; 3, 12, 6, etc.; L. 5, 20; 5, 66 II maerere a marcere, Varr. L. 6, 50: maerere, s’affliger, vient de marcere, être affaissé; aures ab aveo, Varr. L. 6, 83: le mot aures, oreilles, vient de aveo, désirer [ABCR]II [mots grecs au datif ] L. 5, 103, etc. [zapst]¶4 [avec dare, possidere, promittere]: aliquid ab aliquo, donner, posséder, promettre qqch en le tenant de qqn, provenant de qqn, cf. Plaut. Cap. 449; Ps. 735; Cic. Flac. 44; Verr. 3, 177; a me argentum dedi, Plaut. Trin. 182: j’ai donné l’argent de ma poche, cf. 1144; Men. 545; aliquid a me promisi, Cic. de Or. 1, 111: j’ai promis qqch de mon fonds, cf. Pis. 84; Lucr. 4, 468; Suet. Caes. 84 II Antoni edictum legi a Bruto, Cic. Att. 16, 7, 7: l’édit d’Antoine, je l’ai lu de Brutus, le tenant de Brutus. [ABCR]II [éloignement, séparation, au pr. et fig.] de, loin de: [zapst]¶1 v. les verbes: dimittere, renvoyer de (loin de); excludere, deterrere, chasser de, détourner de, etc.; abhorrere, distare, differre, être éloigné de, différer de, etc.; de turba et a subselliis in otium se conferre, Cic. de Or, 2, 143: se retirer du milieu de la foule et loin des bancs du tribunal pour prendre du repos; ab oppido castra movere, Caes. BC. 3, 80, 7: en levant le camp s’éloigner de la ville; v. solvo, fugo, ejicio, aufero, etc. II [sans aucun verbe] a Chrysippo pedem numquam, Cic. Ac. 2, 143: de Chrysippe il ne s’éloigne jamais d’une semelle, cf. Att. 7, 3, 11; Fam. 7, 25, 2; nunc quidem paululum, inquit, a sole, Cic. Tusc. 5, 92: pour le moment, dit-il, écarte-toi un tant soit peu de mon soleil II [nuances] unde dejecti Galli? a Capitolio? unde, qui cum Graccho fuerunt? ex Capitolio, Cic. Caec. 88: d’où furent rejetés les Gaulois? de l’accès au Capitole: d’où les partisans de Gracchus? du Capitole, cf. 86 [zapst]¶2 avec les verbes defendere, tueri, munire, tegere, prohibere, arcere, etc. défendre, protéger, garantir contre, écarter de II stabula a ventis hiberno opponere soli, Virg. G. 3, 302: placer l’écurie à l’abri des vents [en face de] exposée au soleil d’hiver. [zapst]¶3 [expression] ab re, contrairement à l’intérêt: Plaut. Cap. 338; As. 224; Trin. 239; haud ab re duxi referre, Liv. 8, 11, 1: j’ai cru qu’il n’était pas inopportun de rapporter. [ABCR]III du côté de [zapst]¶1 [sens local] a tergo, a latere, a fronte, de dos, de franc, de front [de face]: a decumana porta, Caes. BG. 6, 37, 1: du côté de la porte décumane; ab ea parte, Caes. BG. 6, 37, 2: de ce côté; ab terra ingens labor succedentibus erat, Liv. 26, 46, 1: du côté de la terre, il y avait d’énormes difficultés pour les assaillants, cf. Sall. J. 17, 4; Plin. Ep. 2, 17, 21; surgens a puppi ventus, Virg. En. 5, 777: le vent s’élevant en poupe II ab Opis, Cic. Att. 6, 1, 17 [s.-ent. aede]: du côté du temple d’Ops (comp. ad Castoris), cf. Liv. 10, 47, 4 II Magnetes ab Sipylo, Cic. Q. 2, 9, 2: les Magnésiens qui habitent près du mont Sipyle, les Magnésiens du mont Sipyle, cf. Tac. An. 2, 47. [zapst]¶2 [point de départ, point d’attache]: stipites ab infimo revincti, Caes. BG. 7, 73, 3: troncs solidement attachés à la partie inférieure, par la base; cornua ab labris argento circumcludere, Caes. BG. 6, 28, 6: entourer d'argent les cornes sur les bords de la partie évasée. [zapst]¶3 [fig.] du côté de, du parti de, en faveur de: abs te stat, Plaut. Rud. 1100: il se tient de ton bord, cf. Cic. Inv. 1, 4; Br. 273; ab reo dicere, Cic. Clu. 93: parler en faveur de l'accusé; vide ne hoc totum sit a me, Cic. de Or. 1, 55: prends garde que cela ne soit tout en ma faveur; a petitore, a possessore agere, Plin. Ep. 6, 2, 2: plaider pour le compte du demandeur, du défendeur. [zapst]¶4 du côté de, sous le rapport de: a materno genere, Cic. Sull. 25: du côté maternel, par sa mère, cf. Ov. M. 2, 368; a re frumentaria laborare, Caes. BC. 3, 9, 5: souffrir de l'approvisionnement en blé; a mitilibus, a pecunia imparati, Cic. Att. 7, 15, 3: pris au dépourvu sous le rapport des troupes, de l'argent; ab exemplis copiose aliquid explicare, Cic. Br. 198: développer qqch avec une grande richesse d'exemples; tempus mutum a litteris, Cic. Att. 8, 14, 1: époque silencieuse sous le rapport des lettres [où l'on n'écrit point]; eorum impunitas fuit a judicio, a sermone, Cic. Post. 27: ils ont agi impunément au regard de la justice, au regard de l'opinion publique; mons vastus ab natura et humano cultu, Sall. J. 48, 3: montagne désolée sous le rapport de la nature du sol et de sa culture par l'homme [stérile et inculte]; ab omni parte, Hor. O. 2, 16, 27: sous tous les rapports. [zapst]¶5 servus a pedibus meis, Cic. Att. 8, 5, 1 [mss]: esclave qui me sert du point de vue de mes pieds [qui fait mes courses] II [puis ab suivi du nom de l'objet confié à la garde, à la surveillance] servus ab argento, a frumento, a veste, a vinis, esclave préposé à l'argenterie, à l'approvisionnement, à la garde-robe, aux vins; a bibliotheca, bibliothécaire; a valetudinario, infirmier; liberti ab epistulis et libellis et rationibus, Tac. An. 15, 35: affranchis chefs du secrétariat, maîtres des requêtes, chefs de la comptabilité; libertus et a memoria ejus, Suet. Aug. 79: son affranchi en même temps que son historiographe; novum officium instituit a voluptatibus, Suet. Tib. 42: il créa une nouvelle charge, l'intendance des plaisirs. [ABCR]IV à partir de: [zapst]¶1 de, à partir de, depuis: a porta Esquilina video... Cic. de Or. 2, 276: de la porte Esquiline je vois..., cf. Caes. BG. 2, 24, 2; ut erat a Gergovia despectus in castra, Caes. BG. 7, 45, 4: étant donné que de Gergovie la vue plongeait dans le camp; a vestibulo curiae, Liv. 1, 48, 1: dès le vestibule de la curie; gemere ab ulmo, Virg. B. 1, 58: gémir au sommet de l'orme; ab equo oppugnare, Prop. 3, 11, 13: assaillir à cheval; contra sensus ab sensibus repugnat, Lucr. 1, 693: il va à l'encontre des sens en s'appuyant sur les sens; ab summo, Caes. BG. 2, 18, 1: à partir du sommet, cf. 7, 73, 6; a medio ad summum, Cic. Tim. 20: du centre aux extrémités; da ab Delphio cantharum circum, Plaut. Most. 347: fais circuler la coupe en commençant par Delphium, cf. As. 891; orae maritimae praesum a Formiis, Cic. Fam. 16, 12, 5: je commande le littoral à partir de Formies; ab eo loco, Fam. 7, 25, 2: à partir de ce passage, de ces mots... [zapst]¶2 [évaluation d'une distance]: septumas esse aedes a porta, Plaut. Ps. 597: [il m'a dit] que c'était la septième maison à partir de la porte, cf. Varr. R. 3, 2, 14; Caes. BG. 2, 7, 3; 4, 22, 4; 5, 32, 1; quod tanta machinatio ab tanto spatio instrueretur, Caes. BG. 2, 20, 3: (ils se moquaient) de la construction à une si grande distance d'une si grande machine; v. longe, prope, procul avec ab; ultima stella a caelo, Cic. Rep. 6, 16: étoile la plus éloignée du firmament II [limites d'un espace] ab... ad, depuis... jusqu'à: Caes. BG. l, 1, 7; Liv. 1, 2, 5, ab imo ad summum totus moduli bipedalis, Hor. S. 2, 3, 308: de la base au sommet haut en tout de deux pieds; a Vestae ad Tabulam Valeriam, Cic. Fam. 14, 2, 2: du temple de Vesta à la Table Valérienne. [zapst]¶3 à partir de = y compris, avec: teneram ab radice ferens cupressum, Virg. G. 1, 20: portant un tendre cyprès avec ses racines; ab radicibus imis, Virg. G. 1, 319: [épis arrachés] avec toutes leurs racines. [ABCR]V [point de départ d'un jugement, d'une opinion, etc.] [zapst]¶1 d'après: aliquid ab aliqua re cognoscere, Caes. BG 1, 22, 2: reconnaître qqch d'après tel détail; a certo sensu et vero judicare de aliquo, Br. d. Fam. 11, 10, 1: juger qqn avec un sentiment sûr et vrai; ab annis spectare, Virg. En. 9, 235: considérer d'après l'âge; populum ab annis digerere, Ov. F. 6, 83: partager l'ensemble des citoyens d'après l'âge, cf. M. 14, 323; Tr. 4, 6, 39; Ep. 2, 86 II ab arte inexperta, Tib. 2, 1, 56: avec un art inexpérimenté, cf. 1, 5, 4; Ov. Tr. 2, 462. [zapst]¶2 [point de départ d'un sentiment], d'après, par suite de, du fait de: v. metuere, timere ab aliquo, craindre du fait de qqn, cf. Cic. Amer. 8; Fam. 5, 6, 2; Sul. 59; Phil. 7, 2; Liv.22, 36, 1; 24, 38, 9; v. sperare ab aliquo Cic. Off. 1, 49; Phil. 12, 26; Pis. 12; Liv. 21, 13, 3; metus omnis a vi atque ira deorum pulsus esset, Cic. Nat. 1, 45: toute crainte de la puissance et de la colère des dieux serait chassée, cf. Liv. 23, 15, 7; 23, 36, 1; 25, 33, 5, etc. [ABCR]VI à partir de [temps], depuis [zapst]¶1 a primo, a principio, dès le début; a principiis, dès les débuts; ab initio, dès le commencement; a puero, a pueritia, dès l'enfance; ab ineunte adulescentia, dès le commencement de la jeunesse II [à la prépos. se joignent souvent inde, jam, jam inde, statim, protinus] II longo spatio temporis a Dyrrachinis prœliis intermisso, Caes. BC. 3, 84, 1: un long intervalle de temps s'étant écoulé depuis les combats de Dyrrachium; ab hoc tempore anno sescentesimo rex erat, Cic. Rep. 1, 58: il était roi il y a six cents ans à compter de notre époque, cf. CM 19; ponite ante oculos unum quemque veterum; voltis a Romulo? voltis post liberam civitatem ab iis ipsis qui liberaverunt? Cic. Par. 11: évoquez la vie de chacun des anciens; voulez-vous remonter à Romulus? voulez-vous remonter, après la fondation de la liberté, à ceux précisément qui l'ont fondée? lex a sexagesimo anno senatorem non citat, Sen. Brev. 20, 4: la loi ne convoque pas le sénateur après soixante ans aux séances. [zapst]¶2 [noms de pers.] jam inde a Pontiano, Cic. Att. 12, 44, 2: depuis Pontianus [l'affaire de Pontianus]; exspecto te, a Peducaeo utique, Cic. Att. 12, 51, 1: je t'attends, en tout cas sans faute après Péducaeus [après l'affaire réglée avec Péducaeus] [zapst]¶3 [évaluation d'un laps de temps]: ab... ad (usque ad), depuis... jusqu'à: Cic. Br. 328; de Or. 2, 52; Caes. BG. 1, 26, 2; Liv. 26, 25, 11, etc. II [évaluation d'une durée, d'un rang chronologique] annus primus ab honorum perfunctione, Cic. de Or. 3, 7: la première année après l'achèvement des magistratures; quartus ab Arcesilao fuit, Cic. Ac. 1, 46: il fut le quatrième en partant d'Arcésilas; secundus a Romulo conditor urbis, Liv. 7, 1, 10: le second fondateur de Rome après Romulus, cf. 1, 17, 10; Hor. S. 2, 3, 193; Virg. B. 5, 49. [zapst]¶4 après, aussitôt après, au sortir de: ab re divina, Plaut. Pœn. 618: après le sacrifice; ab decimae legionis cohortatione profectus, Caes. BG. 2, 25, 1: étant parti, immédiatement après avoir harangué la dixième légion; a tuo digressu, Cic. Att. 1, 5, 4: après ton départ; ab ea [auctione] Cic. Att. 13, 30, 1: aussitôt après [la vente]; ab ipso cibo, Sen. Contr. 1, praef. 17: aussitôt après avoir mangé. [ABCR]VII du fait de, par l'effet de [zapst]¶1 [cause efficiente, surtout avec les inchoatifs]: calescere ab, Cic. Nat. 2, 138: se réchauffer grâce à; mitescere a sole, Cic. frg. F. 1, 17: s'adoucir sous l'action du soleil, cf. Varr. L. 5, 109; 7, 83; Ov. M. 1, 66; F. 5, 323 II qua mare a sole conlucet, Cic. Ac. 2, 105: sur toute l'étendue où la mer brille par l'effet du soleil, cf. Nat. 2, 92; zona torrida semper ab igni, Virg. G. 1, 234: zone toujours brûlante par suite du feu; lassus ab, Hor. S. 2, 2, 10: fatigué du fait de; a vento unda tumet, Ov. F. 2, 776: le vent fait gonfler l'onde, cf. 1, 215. [zapst]¶2 par suite de, par un effet de, en raison de [avec un nom de sentiment]: scio me ab singulari amore ac benevolentia, quaecumque scriba, tibi scribere, Balb. Fam. 9, 7 B, 3: je sais que c'est un attachement, un dévouement sans égal qui me font t'écrire tout ce que je t'écris; ab ira, Liv. 24, 30, 1: par l'effet de la colère; ab odio plebis an ab servili fraude, Liv. 3, 15, 7: par suite de la haine du peuple ou de la perfidie des esclaves; [constr. très fréq. d. Liv. cf. 5, 5, 3; 9, 40, 17; 10, 5, 2; 27, 17, 5; 28, 7, 9; 36, 24, 7; etc.]; a duabus causis punire princeps solet, Sen. Clem. 1, 20, 1: deux raisons d'ordinaire amènent le prince à punir; ab hoc, Varr. R. 2, 3, 7: par suite de cela, en raison de cela, cf. 2, 7, 6 II gravis ab, Ov. H. 10, 138: alourdi par; a somno languida, Ov. H, 10, 9: alanguie par le sommeil; dives ab, Ov. H. 9, 96: enrichi par. [ABCR]VIII [après les verbes passifs] [zapst]¶1 [avec un nom de pers. pour marquer le sujet logique de l'action; constr. courante] [zapst]¶2 [avec des noms de choses considérées comme des pers.]: a civitatibus, Cic. Verr. 3, 176: par les villes; a classe, Verr. 5, 63: par la flotte; a re publica, Cic. Mur. 7: par l'état; a legibus, Cic. Mil. 9: par les lois; a natura, Cic. Phil. 14, 32: par la nature; a studiis adulescentium, Cic. de Or. 3, 207: par le zèle des jeunes gens; a ventis invidiae, Cic. Verr. 3, 98: par les vents de la malveillance; a more majorum, Cic. Fam. 13, 10, 1: par la coutume des ancêtres; a vero, a falso, Cic. Ac. 2, 71: par le vrai, par le faux; defici a viribus, Caes. BC. 3, 64, 3: être abandonné par ses forces. [zapst]¶3 [après l'adj. verbal] Cic. de Or. 2, 86; Pomp. 34; etc. [zapst]¶4 [différent de per]: aliquid a suis vel per suos potius iniquos ad te esse delatum, Cic. ad Br. 1, 1, 1: [il m'a paru soupçonner] que ses ennemis t'ont rapporté ou plutôt t'ont fait rapporter quelque histoire; qui a te defensi et qui per te servati sunt, Cic. Pet. 38: ceux que tu as défendus et ceux que ton entremise a sauvés. [zapst]¶5 [avec des intr. équivalant pour le sens à des passifs] a paucis interire, Cic. Off. 2, 26: périr sous les coups de quelques hommes, cf. Lucr. 6, 709; mori ab, Cic. Fam 15,17, 2; Sen. Contr. 5. 3; perire ab, Nep. Reg. 3, 3; Ov. P, 3, 3, 46; cadere ab, Tac. An. 16, 9; vapulare ab, Sen. Contr. 9, 4, 2; Sen. Apoc. 15; Quint. 9, 2, 12. Q. [zapst]¶1 abs est rare; se trouve devant t, surtout dans l'expr. abs te II aps Inscr. et divers mss. de Plaut. et des lettres de Cic. II af, signalé par Cic. Or. 158, se lit dans des Inscr. [zapst]¶2 d'après les gram. anciens a se place devant les consonnes, ab devant les voyelles et devant h; mais ni les mss. ni les Inscr. ne vérifient cette règle. [zapst]¶3 qqf a, ab se trouvent après le relatif (quo ab): Plaut. As. 119; Rud. 555 II chez les poètes et chez Tacite, rarement ailleurs, entre le subst. et son déterminatif [adjectif, génitif, ou nom propre apposé]: judice ab uno Tac. An. 2, 60, par un seul juge; initio ab Suriae An. 4, 5, depuis les frontières de la Syrie; oppido a Canopo Tac. An 2, 60, à partir de la ville de Canope; uxore ab Octavia abhorrebat, Tac. An. 13, 12: il se détournait de son épouse Octavie II chez Ovide, séparé par ipse du complément: H. 9, 96; 12, 18; Pont. 3, 3, 46, etc. II quand il y a deux compléments liés par une copule, placé devant le second: Plaut. As. 163; Prop. 4, 3, 39; Ov. H. 6, 108, etc. [zapst]¶4 en composition, a devant m, v, (amovere, avertere); abs devant c, p, t (abscondere, abstinere, asportare = absportare); au devant f (auferre, aufugere), sauf afui parf. de absum; ab devant les autres consonnes, sauf aspernari au lieu de abspernari.* * *a, f., n., indécl., [première lettre de l’alphabet] Cic. Div. 1, 23 II abréviations diverses: A. = Aulus [prénom] II = antiquo, je rejette [la proposition sur les bulletins de vote dans les comices] II = absolvo, j’absous [sur les bulletins des juges] ; [d’où l’appellation] littera salutaris Cic. Mil. 15 II A. U. C. = anno urbis conditae ; a. u. c. = ab urbe condita ; a. d. VIII Kal. Nov. = ante diem octavum Kalendas Novembres II [dans les inscr.] A. = Augustus ; A.A. = Augusti duo ; A.A.A. = Augusti tres ; III viri A.A.A.F.F. = triumviri auro, argento, aeri flando, feriundo. ā, ou āh, interj., v. ah. ā, ăb, abs, prép. avec abl. (ἀπό). [ABCR]I [point de départ] [zapst]¶1 [avec des v. de mouvement, tr. ou int., simples ou composés] de: a) a signo Vortumni in Circum Maximum venire Cic. Verr. 1, 154: venir de la statue de Vertumne au Cirque Maxime, v. proficiscor, discedo, arcesso, etc ; b) [avec noms de pers.] de chez, d’auprès: a Caesare redire, Cic. Q. 2, 4, 6: revenir de chez César ; c) [sans verbe] non ille Serranus ab aratro, Cic. Sest. 72: non pas le fameux Serranus venu de sa charrue; quid tu, inquit, huc? a villa enim, credo, Cic. Fin. 3, 8: eh! dit-il, pourquoi toi ici? c’est de ta maison de campagne que tu viens, sans doute; d) [en parl de lettres] de la part de: litterae adlatae ab L. Porcio praetore, Liv. 26, 39, 1: une lettre apportée de la part du préteur L. Porcius, cf. Cic. Att. 7, 15, 5 ; 1, 15, 2; e) [avec adesse, marquant résultat du mouvement] adest a milite, Plaut. Ps. 924: il est là venant de la part du militaire, cf. Mil. 958, 1046; Ter. And. 268; Virg. En. 7, 454; dona adsunt tibi a Phaedria, Ter. Eun. 465: il y a là pour toi des présents de la part de Phaedria. f) [avec les noms de ville] de = des environs de [et non pas de l’intérieur de]: Cic., Caes. [zapst]¶2 [pour marquer la provenance] petere, postulare, quaerere, demander à; impetrare, obtenir de; accipere, recevoir de; habere, tenir de, etc.; emere, acheter à; sumere, haurire, prendre à, puiser à; trahere, tirer de; ducere, faire venir de, etc.; discere, audire, apprendre de, entendre de, etc. [zapst]¶3 [idée d’origine] a) oriri, prendre naissance à; fluere, découler de; nasci, naître de; proficisci, partir de, provenir de; ea sunt omnia non a natura, verum a magistro, Cic. Mur. 61: ces imperfections proviennent toutes non pas de la nature, mais du maître, cf. Har. 39; Fin. 1, 21; Off. 2, 69; sed haec et vetera et a Graecis, Cic. Tusc. 1, 74: mais tout cela c'est ancien et aussi tiré de l’histoire grecque, cf. Fam. 3, 13, 1; 5, 3, 1; 9, 16, 7; Par. 11; Sest. 122; b) [idée de naissance, de descendance] a Deucalione ortus, Tusc. 1, 21: né de Deucalion; a M. Tullio esse, Cic. Br. 62: descendre de M. Tullius II [filiation philosophique, littéraire, etc.] ab his oratores exstiterunt, Cic. Fin. 5, 7: d’eux (Péripatéticiens) sortirent des orateurs; erat ab isto Aristotele, Cic. de Or. 2, 160: il était de l’école de votre Aristote, cf. Or. 113; Mur. 63; c) Turnus Herdonius ab Aricia, Liv. l, 50, 3 [= Aricinus]: Turnus Herdonius d’Aricie, cf. 6, 13, 8; 6, 17, 7; pastor ab Amphryso, Virg. G. 3, 2: le berger Amphrysien [du fleuve Amphrysus] II de la maison de, [en parl. d’un esclave] Plaut. Ps. 616; Mil. 160; Curc. 407; Ter. And. 756; d) [étymologie] mater autem est a gerendis fructibus Ceres tamquam "Geres", Cic. Nat. 2, 67: quant à sa mère, son nom, Cérès, qui est comme Gérès, vient de gerere fructus, porter, produire les fruits, cf. 2, 64; 68; 2, 111; Leg. 2, 55; Varr. R. 1, 46; 2, 4, 17; 3, 12, 6, etc.; L. 5, 20; 5, 66 II maerere a marcere, Varr. L. 6, 50: maerere, s’affliger, vient de marcere, être affaissé; aures ab aveo, Varr. L. 6, 83: le mot aures, oreilles, vient de aveo, désirer [ABCR]II [mots grecs au datif ] L. 5, 103, etc. [zapst]¶4 [avec dare, possidere, promittere]: aliquid ab aliquo, donner, posséder, promettre qqch en le tenant de qqn, provenant de qqn, cf. Plaut. Cap. 449; Ps. 735; Cic. Flac. 44; Verr. 3, 177; a me argentum dedi, Plaut. Trin. 182: j’ai donné l’argent de ma poche, cf. 1144; Men. 545; aliquid a me promisi, Cic. de Or. 1, 111: j’ai promis qqch de mon fonds, cf. Pis. 84; Lucr. 4, 468; Suet. Caes. 84 II Antoni edictum legi a Bruto, Cic. Att. 16, 7, 7: l’édit d’Antoine, je l’ai lu de Brutus, le tenant de Brutus. [ABCR]II [éloignement, séparation, au pr. et fig.] de, loin de: [zapst]¶1 v. les verbes: dimittere, renvoyer de (loin de); excludere, deterrere, chasser de, détourner de, etc.; abhorrere, distare, differre, être éloigné de, différer de, etc.; de turba et a subselliis in otium se conferre, Cic. de Or, 2, 143: se retirer du milieu de la foule et loin des bancs du tribunal pour prendre du repos; ab oppido castra movere, Caes. BC. 3, 80, 7: en levant le camp s’éloigner de la ville; v. solvo, fugo, ejicio, aufero, etc. II [sans aucun verbe] a Chrysippo pedem numquam, Cic. Ac. 2, 143: de Chrysippe il ne s’éloigne jamais d’une semelle, cf. Att. 7, 3, 11; Fam. 7, 25, 2; nunc quidem paululum, inquit, a sole, Cic. Tusc. 5, 92: pour le moment, dit-il, écarte-toi un tant soit peu de mon soleil II [nuances] unde dejecti Galli? a Capitolio? unde, qui cum Graccho fuerunt? ex Capitolio, Cic. Caec. 88: d’où furent rejetés les Gaulois? de l’accès au Capitole: d’où les partisans de Gracchus? du Capitole, cf. 86 [zapst]¶2 avec les verbes defendere, tueri, munire, tegere, prohibere, arcere, etc. défendre, protéger, garantir contre, écarter de II stabula a ventis hiberno opponere soli, Virg. G. 3, 302: placer l’écurie à l’abri des vents [en face de] exposée au soleil d’hiver. [zapst]¶3 [expression] ab re, contrairement à l’intérêt: Plaut. Cap. 338; As. 224; Trin. 239; haud ab re duxi referre, Liv. 8, 11, 1: j’ai cru qu’il n’était pas inopportun de rapporter. [ABCR]III du côté de [zapst]¶1 [sens local] a tergo, a latere, a fronte, de dos, de franc, de front [de face]: a decumana porta, Caes. BG. 6, 37, 1: du côté de la porte décumane; ab ea parte, Caes. BG. 6, 37, 2: de ce côté; ab terra ingens labor succedentibus erat, Liv. 26, 46, 1: du côté de la terre, il y avait d’énormes difficultés pour les assaillants, cf. Sall. J. 17, 4; Plin. Ep. 2, 17, 21; surgens a puppi ventus, Virg. En. 5, 777: le vent s’élevant en poupe II ab Opis, Cic. Att. 6, 1, 17 [s.-ent. aede]: du côté du temple d’Ops (comp. ad Castoris), cf. Liv. 10, 47, 4 II Magnetes ab Sipylo, Cic. Q. 2, 9, 2: les Magnésiens qui habitent près du mont Sipyle, les Magnésiens du mont Sipyle, cf. Tac. An. 2, 47. [zapst]¶2 [point de départ, point d’attache]: stipites ab infimo revincti, Caes. BG. 7, 73, 3: troncs solidement attachés à la partie inférieure, par la base; cornua ab labris argento circumcludere, Caes. BG. 6, 28, 6: entourer d'argent les cornes sur les bords de la partie évasée. [zapst]¶3 [fig.] du côté de, du parti de, en faveur de: abs te stat, Plaut. Rud. 1100: il se tient de ton bord, cf. Cic. Inv. 1, 4; Br. 273; ab reo dicere, Cic. Clu. 93: parler en faveur de l'accusé; vide ne hoc totum sit a me, Cic. de Or. 1, 55: prends garde que cela ne soit tout en ma faveur; a petitore, a possessore agere, Plin. Ep. 6, 2, 2: plaider pour le compte du demandeur, du défendeur. [zapst]¶4 du côté de, sous le rapport de: a materno genere, Cic. Sull. 25: du côté maternel, par sa mère, cf. Ov. M. 2, 368; a re frumentaria laborare, Caes. BC. 3, 9, 5: souffrir de l'approvisionnement en blé; a mitilibus, a pecunia imparati, Cic. Att. 7, 15, 3: pris au dépourvu sous le rapport des troupes, de l'argent; ab exemplis copiose aliquid explicare, Cic. Br. 198: développer qqch avec une grande richesse d'exemples; tempus mutum a litteris, Cic. Att. 8, 14, 1: époque silencieuse sous le rapport des lettres [où l'on n'écrit point]; eorum impunitas fuit a judicio, a sermone, Cic. Post. 27: ils ont agi impunément au regard de la justice, au regard de l'opinion publique; mons vastus ab natura et humano cultu, Sall. J. 48, 3: montagne désolée sous le rapport de la nature du sol et de sa culture par l'homme [stérile et inculte]; ab omni parte, Hor. O. 2, 16, 27: sous tous les rapports. [zapst]¶5 servus a pedibus meis, Cic. Att. 8, 5, 1 [mss]: esclave qui me sert du point de vue de mes pieds [qui fait mes courses] II [puis ab suivi du nom de l'objet confié à la garde, à la surveillance] servus ab argento, a frumento, a veste, a vinis, esclave préposé à l'argenterie, à l'approvisionnement, à la garde-robe, aux vins; a bibliotheca, bibliothécaire; a valetudinario, infirmier; liberti ab epistulis et libellis et rationibus, Tac. An. 15, 35: affranchis chefs du secrétariat, maîtres des requêtes, chefs de la comptabilité; libertus et a memoria ejus, Suet. Aug. 79: son affranchi en même temps que son historiographe; novum officium instituit a voluptatibus, Suet. Tib. 42: il créa une nouvelle charge, l'intendance des plaisirs. [ABCR]IV à partir de: [zapst]¶1 de, à partir de, depuis: a porta Esquilina video... Cic. de Or. 2, 276: de la porte Esquiline je vois..., cf. Caes. BG. 2, 24, 2; ut erat a Gergovia despectus in castra, Caes. BG. 7, 45, 4: étant donné que de Gergovie la vue plongeait dans le camp; a vestibulo curiae, Liv. 1, 48, 1: dès le vestibule de la curie; gemere ab ulmo, Virg. B. 1, 58: gémir au sommet de l'orme; ab equo oppugnare, Prop. 3, 11, 13: assaillir à cheval; contra sensus ab sensibus repugnat, Lucr. 1, 693: il va à l'encontre des sens en s'appuyant sur les sens; ab summo, Caes. BG. 2, 18, 1: à partir du sommet, cf. 7, 73, 6; a medio ad summum, Cic. Tim. 20: du centre aux extrémités; da ab Delphio cantharum circum, Plaut. Most. 347: fais circuler la coupe en commençant par Delphium, cf. As. 891; orae maritimae praesum a Formiis, Cic. Fam. 16, 12, 5: je commande le littoral à partir de Formies; ab eo loco, Fam. 7, 25, 2: à partir de ce passage, de ces mots... [zapst]¶2 [évaluation d'une distance]: septumas esse aedes a porta, Plaut. Ps. 597: [il m'a dit] que c'était la septième maison à partir de la porte, cf. Varr. R. 3, 2, 14; Caes. BG. 2, 7, 3; 4, 22, 4; 5, 32, 1; quod tanta machinatio ab tanto spatio instrueretur, Caes. BG. 2, 20, 3: (ils se moquaient) de la construction à une si grande distance d'une si grande machine; v. longe, prope, procul avec ab; ultima stella a caelo, Cic. Rep. 6, 16: étoile la plus éloignée du firmament II [limites d'un espace] ab... ad, depuis... jusqu'à: Caes. BG. l, 1, 7; Liv. 1, 2, 5, ab imo ad summum totus moduli bipedalis, Hor. S. 2, 3, 308: de la base au sommet haut en tout de deux pieds; a Vestae ad Tabulam Valeriam, Cic. Fam. 14, 2, 2: du temple de Vesta à la Table Valérienne. [zapst]¶3 à partir de = y compris, avec: teneram ab radice ferens cupressum, Virg. G. 1, 20: portant un tendre cyprès avec ses racines; ab radicibus imis, Virg. G. 1, 319: [épis arrachés] avec toutes leurs racines. [ABCR]V [point de départ d'un jugement, d'une opinion, etc.] [zapst]¶1 d'après: aliquid ab aliqua re cognoscere, Caes. BG 1, 22, 2: reconnaître qqch d'après tel détail; a certo sensu et vero judicare de aliquo, Br. d. Fam. 11, 10, 1: juger qqn avec un sentiment sûr et vrai; ab annis spectare, Virg. En. 9, 235: considérer d'après l'âge; populum ab annis digerere, Ov. F. 6, 83: partager l'ensemble des citoyens d'après l'âge, cf. M. 14, 323; Tr. 4, 6, 39; Ep. 2, 86 II ab arte inexperta, Tib. 2, 1, 56: avec un art inexpérimenté, cf. 1, 5, 4; Ov. Tr. 2, 462. [zapst]¶2 [point de départ d'un sentiment], d'après, par suite de, du fait de: v. metuere, timere ab aliquo, craindre du fait de qqn, cf. Cic. Amer. 8; Fam. 5, 6, 2; Sul. 59; Phil. 7, 2; Liv.22, 36, 1; 24, 38, 9; v. sperare ab aliquo Cic. Off. 1, 49; Phil. 12, 26; Pis. 12; Liv. 21, 13, 3; metus omnis a vi atque ira deorum pulsus esset, Cic. Nat. 1, 45: toute crainte de la puissance et de la colère des dieux serait chassée, cf. Liv. 23, 15, 7; 23, 36, 1; 25, 33, 5, etc. [ABCR]VI à partir de [temps], depuis [zapst]¶1 a primo, a principio, dès le début; a principiis, dès les débuts; ab initio, dès le commencement; a puero, a pueritia, dès l'enfance; ab ineunte adulescentia, dès le commencement de la jeunesse II [à la prépos. se joignent souvent inde, jam, jam inde, statim, protinus] II longo spatio temporis a Dyrrachinis prœliis intermisso, Caes. BC. 3, 84, 1: un long intervalle de temps s'étant écoulé depuis les combats de Dyrrachium; ab hoc tempore anno sescentesimo rex erat, Cic. Rep. 1, 58: il était roi il y a six cents ans à compter de notre époque, cf. CM 19; ponite ante oculos unum quemque veterum; voltis a Romulo? voltis post liberam civitatem ab iis ipsis qui liberaverunt? Cic. Par. 11: évoquez la vie de chacun des anciens; voulez-vous remonter à Romulus? voulez-vous remonter, après la fondation de la liberté, à ceux précisément qui l'ont fondée? lex a sexagesimo anno senatorem non citat, Sen. Brev. 20, 4: la loi ne convoque pas le sénateur après soixante ans aux séances. [zapst]¶2 [noms de pers.] jam inde a Pontiano, Cic. Att. 12, 44, 2: depuis Pontianus [l'affaire de Pontianus]; exspecto te, a Peducaeo utique, Cic. Att. 12, 51, 1: je t'attends, en tout cas sans faute après Péducaeus [après l'affaire réglée avec Péducaeus] [zapst]¶3 [évaluation d'un laps de temps]: ab... ad (usque ad), depuis... jusqu'à: Cic. Br. 328; de Or. 2, 52; Caes. BG. 1, 26, 2; Liv. 26, 25, 11, etc. II [évaluation d'une durée, d'un rang chronologique] annus primus ab honorum perfunctione, Cic. de Or. 3, 7: la première année après l'achèvement des magistratures; quartus ab Arcesilao fuit, Cic. Ac. 1, 46: il fut le quatrième en partant d'Arcésilas; secundus a Romulo conditor urbis, Liv. 7, 1, 10: le second fondateur de Rome après Romulus, cf. 1, 17, 10; Hor. S. 2, 3, 193; Virg. B. 5, 49. [zapst]¶4 après, aussitôt après, au sortir de: ab re divina, Plaut. Pœn. 618: après le sacrifice; ab decimae legionis cohortatione profectus, Caes. BG. 2, 25, 1: étant parti, immédiatement après avoir harangué la dixième légion; a tuo digressu, Cic. Att. 1, 5, 4: après ton départ; ab ea [auctione] Cic. Att. 13, 30, 1: aussitôt après [la vente]; ab ipso cibo, Sen. Contr. 1, praef. 17: aussitôt après avoir mangé. [ABCR]VII du fait de, par l'effet de [zapst]¶1 [cause efficiente, surtout avec les inchoatifs]: calescere ab, Cic. Nat. 2, 138: se réchauffer grâce à; mitescere a sole, Cic. frg. F. 1, 17: s'adoucir sous l'action du soleil, cf. Varr. L. 5, 109; 7, 83; Ov. M. 1, 66; F. 5, 323 II qua mare a sole conlucet, Cic. Ac. 2, 105: sur toute l'étendue où la mer brille par l'effet du soleil, cf. Nat. 2, 92; zona torrida semper ab igni, Virg. G. 1, 234: zone toujours brûlante par suite du feu; lassus ab, Hor. S. 2, 2, 10: fatigué du fait de; a vento unda tumet, Ov. F. 2, 776: le vent fait gonfler l'onde, cf. 1, 215. [zapst]¶2 par suite de, par un effet de, en raison de [avec un nom de sentiment]: scio me ab singulari amore ac benevolentia, quaecumque scriba, tibi scribere, Balb. Fam. 9, 7 B, 3: je sais que c'est un attachement, un dévouement sans égal qui me font t'écrire tout ce que je t'écris; ab ira, Liv. 24, 30, 1: par l'effet de la colère; ab odio plebis an ab servili fraude, Liv. 3, 15, 7: par suite de la haine du peuple ou de la perfidie des esclaves; [constr. très fréq. d. Liv. cf. 5, 5, 3; 9, 40, 17; 10, 5, 2; 27, 17, 5; 28, 7, 9; 36, 24, 7; etc.]; a duabus causis punire princeps solet, Sen. Clem. 1, 20, 1: deux raisons d'ordinaire amènent le prince à punir; ab hoc, Varr. R. 2, 3, 7: par suite de cela, en raison de cela, cf. 2, 7, 6 II gravis ab, Ov. H. 10, 138: alourdi par; a somno languida, Ov. H, 10, 9: alanguie par le sommeil; dives ab, Ov. H. 9, 96: enrichi par. [ABCR]VIII [après les verbes passifs] [zapst]¶1 [avec un nom de pers. pour marquer le sujet logique de l'action; constr. courante] [zapst]¶2 [avec des noms de choses considérées comme des pers.]: a civitatibus, Cic. Verr. 3, 176: par les villes; a classe, Verr. 5, 63: par la flotte; a re publica, Cic. Mur. 7: par l'état; a legibus, Cic. Mil. 9: par les lois; a natura, Cic. Phil. 14, 32: par la nature; a studiis adulescentium, Cic. de Or. 3, 207: par le zèle des jeunes gens; a ventis invidiae, Cic. Verr. 3, 98: par les vents de la malveillance; a more majorum, Cic. Fam. 13, 10, 1: par la coutume des ancêtres; a vero, a falso, Cic. Ac. 2, 71: par le vrai, par le faux; defici a viribus, Caes. BC. 3, 64, 3: être abandonné par ses forces. [zapst]¶3 [après l'adj. verbal] Cic. de Or. 2, 86; Pomp. 34; etc. [zapst]¶4 [différent de per]: aliquid a suis vel per suos potius iniquos ad te esse delatum, Cic. ad Br. 1, 1, 1: [il m'a paru soupçonner] que ses ennemis t'ont rapporté ou plutôt t'ont fait rapporter quelque histoire; qui a te defensi et qui per te servati sunt, Cic. Pet. 38: ceux que tu as défendus et ceux que ton entremise a sauvés. [zapst]¶5 [avec des intr. équivalant pour le sens à des passifs] a paucis interire, Cic. Off. 2, 26: périr sous les coups de quelques hommes, cf. Lucr. 6, 709; mori ab, Cic. Fam 15,17, 2; Sen. Contr. 5. 3; perire ab, Nep. Reg. 3, 3; Ov. P, 3, 3, 46; cadere ab, Tac. An. 16, 9; vapulare ab, Sen. Contr. 9, 4, 2; Sen. Apoc. 15; Quint. 9, 2, 12. Q. [zapst]¶1 abs est rare; se trouve devant t, surtout dans l'expr. abs te II aps Inscr. et divers mss. de Plaut. et des lettres de Cic. II af, signalé par Cic. Or. 158, se lit dans des Inscr. [zapst]¶2 d'après les gram. anciens a se place devant les consonnes, ab devant les voyelles et devant h; mais ni les mss. ni les Inscr. ne vérifient cette règle. [zapst]¶3 qqf a, ab se trouvent après le relatif (quo ab): Plaut. As. 119; Rud. 555 II chez les poètes et chez Tacite, rarement ailleurs, entre le subst. et son déterminatif [adjectif, génitif, ou nom propre apposé]: judice ab uno Tac. An. 2, 60, par un seul juge; initio ab Suriae An. 4, 5, depuis les frontières de la Syrie; oppido a Canopo Tac. An 2, 60, à partir de la ville de Canope; uxore ab Octavia abhorrebat, Tac. An. 13, 12: il se détournait de son épouse Octavie II chez Ovide, séparé par ipse du complément: H. 9, 96; 12, 18; Pont. 3, 3, 46, etc. II quand il y a deux compléments liés par une copule, placé devant le second: Plaut. As. 163; Prop. 4, 3, 39; Ov. H. 6, 108, etc. [zapst]¶4 en composition, a devant m, v, (amovere, avertere); abs devant c, p, t (abscondere, abstinere, asportare = absportare); au devant f (auferre, aufugere), sauf afui parf. de absum; ab devant les autres consonnes, sauf aspernari au lieu de abspernari.* * *A meis ciuibus ea res mihi fuit honori. id est, Ob eam rem honoribus affectus sum a ciuibus meis. Ci. Pour cela m'ont honoré les habitants de nostre ville.\A nobilitate igitur periculum. Subaudi, Est, Impendet, Imminet, aut aliquid simile. Cic. Il y a danger de la part ou costé de la noblesse, ou des nobles.\Ab aliquo perire, id est occidi. Plin. Estre tué par aucun.\A et Ab, motum a loco significant: vt, A villa redeo, ab agro, vel ab agris. Je retourne de la metairie, Des champs.\A et Ab, interdum per QVVM declarantur: seruiuntque tempori significando: vt, A paruo te noui: Hoc est, quum adhuc paruus esses. Quand tu estois encore petit enfant.\Ab adolescentia. Cic. Dés le commencement de ma jeunesse, Dés que je commencoye à venir en eage.\Ab ineunte adolescentia. Plaut. Cic. Dés le commencement de mon adolescence, ou de mon eage.\A cunabulis. Plaut. Dés le berceau, Dés mon enfance.\Ab infante duratus. Colu. Endurci dés son enfance, ou d'enfance.\Ab infantibus, Id est a pueritia. Cels. Dés l'enfance, D'enfance.\A paruis. Terent. De jeunesse, Dés qu'on estoit encore petit.\A primordio sui. Tacit. Depuis son commencement.\A principiis ita diligentior fiet puer. Quintil. Dés le commencement.\A pueritia. Cic. D'enfance, Dés l'enfance.\A tenero et a teneris. Colum. D'enfance, Dés qu'on estoit encore tendre, ou petit tendron.\A et Ab, finitum rei alicuius aut temporis terminum significant: et fere sequitur ad, vel vsque ad, aut aliquid idem pollens: vt, A principio ad finem. Dés, ou Depuis le commencement jusques à la fin. \ Ab auo. Terent. Dés le temps de l'ayeul.\Ab aurora. Plaut. Dés le poinct, ou l'aube du jour.\Ab sole orto in multum diei stetere in acie. Liu. Depuis le soleil levé.\A calce ad carceres. Id est, A fine ad principium. Cic. De la fin au commencement.\A capite vsque ad calcem. Plaut. Depuis le commencement jusques à la fin, ou Depuis le hault jusques au bas.\Talos a vertice pulcher ad imos. Horat. Depuis le sommet de la teste, jusques à la plante des pieds, ou jusques aux talons.\Ab extremo orsi. Liu. Commenceants au dernier.\A fundamento. Plaut. Depuis le fondement.\A fundo. Virg. Depuis le fond.\Ab infimo. Plaut. Depuis le fin bas.\Ab humili ad summum. Cic. Du bas au plus hault.\Ab illo tempore. Cic. Dés, ou Depuis ce temps là.\Ab hora tertia bibebatur. Cic. Depuis trois heures.\Ab imis vnguibus vsque ad verticem summum. Cic. Depuis le fin bout des ongles du pied, jusques au sommet de la teste.\Ab initio. Cic. Dés, ou Depuis le commencement.\A mane. Plaut. Depuis le matin.\A media nocte togatus ero. Mart. Dés, ou Depuis minuict.\Ab omni vetustate acceptum. Cic. De toute ancienneté.\A pridie Idus Sept. Plin. Depuis le jour de devant les Ides.\A prima luce. Caes. Dés le fin matin. Dés qu'il commencea à faire cler.\A primo, pro A principio. Ci. Au premier, ou Du commencement.\A summo. Plaut. Depuis le hault.\A terra ad caelum percontari. Plaut. Depuis un bout jusques à l'autre.\A vestigio ad verticem. Plin. Depuis la plante des pieds jusques au sommet de la teste.\A et Ab separationem significant. Terent. Ita tum discedo ab illo. D'avec luy.\A vel Ab, pro Contra: vt nonnullis placet. Virg. Defendo a frigore myrtos. Du froid, ou Contre le froid.\A vel Ab, pro Praeter, siue contra. Plin. Id quod notasse, non ab re est. Il n'est pas sans propos, ou inutile. Il n'est pas impertinent.\Quae ab re sunt. Choses impertinentes, et non servantes à la matiere. B.\Ab re est remissior. Il est trop negligent et nonchalant de son profict. B.\Ab re, Contra commodum. Plau. Ab re consulit. Contre le profict et utilité de celuy à qui il donne conseil. Il luy conseille son dommage.\Ab re orare. Plau. Prier en vain, ou demander quelque chose oultre raison et sans propos.\Ab re, pro Ob eam rem. Liu. Id, ab re, Interregnum appellatum. Pour ce, Pour ceste cause.\Tantumne ab re tua est otii tibi, vt, etc. Cic. As tu bien tant de loisir avec tes affaires? Tes affaires te donnent ils bien tant de loisir?\Non ab re. Suet. Il n'est point impertinent, ou hors de propos.\Haud ab re duxi. Liu. J'ay estimé n'estre point inutile, ou sans raison.\Non ab re. Non sans cause.\A vel Ab, pro Post, vel statim, seu concinuo post. Pli. Dulcissimum ab hominis camelinum lac. Le laict du chameau est le plus doulx apres celuy de la femme.\A ientaculo. Plaut. Apres desjuner.\Cuius a morte hic tertius et tricesimus est annus. Cic. C'est cy la XXXIII. annee depuis son trespas.\Vt primum a tuo digressu Romam veni. Cic. Apres.\A rege secundus. Le second apres le roy.\Hostium a tergo incursum vidit. Liu. Par derriere, Du costé de derriere.\A Senatu stat. Cic. Il est du parti du Senat, Il tient pour le Senat, Il tient le parti du Senat.\Dicere ab reo. Cic. Parler ou plaider pour le defendeur.\Hoc totum est a me. Cic. Tout cela sert à mon propos. Tout cela fait pour moy.\A nobis facit. Cic. Sert à nostre propos.\A vel Ab, pro énéka, siue pro, Quod pertinet ad, Cic. cum a militibus, tua pecunia. Mal fourniz et pourveuz quant à gens de guerre et argent.\A morbo valui, ab animo aeger fui. Plaut. Quant est de la maladie, j'en suis gueri.\A me pudica est. Plaut. Quant est de moy, je vous responds de moy qu'elle est femme de bien.\Narrat vt virgo a se integra etiam tum siet. Terent. Que de sa part elle est pucelle.\Doleo ab animo, doleo ab oculis. Plaut. Je suis malade en l'esprit, J'ay l'esprit fasché. J'ay mal aux yeuls.\Otiosus ab animo. Plaut. Qui n'ha nulle fantasie en son esprit.\Inops eram ab amicis. Cic. Povre d'amis.\Nunquam a causis et iudiciis districtior fui. Cic. Je ne fus oncq plus empesché de procez.\Ab hac parte reddemus vos securos. Planc. Ciceroni. De ce costé, quant à ce.\Ab se cantat cuia sit. Plaut. D'elle mesme.\Ab transenna lumbricum petit. Plaut. Parmi la fenestre, ou le guichet. Aucuns sont d'advis que le vray sens est tel, Cest oyseau cerche sa viande parmi le filé, ou le laqs, ou le piege, ou le collet qui est tendu pour le prendre.\Salutem a bonis afferre. Cic. Par les bons.\Ab ostio omnia isthaec audiui. Plaut. De l'huis.\Ipsa protinus a via amicumsalutes. Mart. Du chemin, En passant.\A foris. Plin. Par dehors.\A vel Ab, pro Versus, seu quod vulgo, De parte dicimus.\Quod a sole fuit. Plin. Qui avoit esté du costé du soleil, Tourné vers le soleil, Devers le soleil.\Firmos omnino et duces habemus ab occidente, et exercitus. Cic. Vers la partie d'occident.\A dextera. Plin. Du costé dextre. A dextre.\Ictus ab latere. Liuius. Feru ou frappé par le flan.\A contraria aure instillare. Plin. Par l'oreille opposite.\A vento aliquid opponere. Pli. De devers le vent. Du costé du vent.\A vel Ab cum ablatiuo personae, eleganter domicilium significat: vt, A iudice venio. hoc est, a domo iudicis, quod inepte dicitur, De apud. De chez vous, De vostre mesnie.\Ab ea egreditur. Terent. De chez elle.\A nobis domo est. De nostre maison. De chez nous.\A qua a ferrario fabro. Cels. Eaue de chez ung forgeron ou mareschal. Eaue en laquelle le mareschal estainct, ou trempe son fer.\A Pontio, ex Trebulano, ad quintum Idus Maii. Cic. De la maison de Pontius, Escript en la maison de Pontius, etc. C'est la fin et date des lettres.\A vel Ab sequente. quoque praepositione ad, vel ipsa subaudita, plerunque vtimur, vbi ab vna re ad aliam fit transitus. Terent. Ab labore ad libidinem. Du labeur à volupté.\A vel Ab nonnunquam ponitur pro Gallica praepositione Par. A potu quidam prandiumincipiunt. Plin. Par boire.\A fronte et a tergo. Cic. Devant et derriere, ou par devant et par derriere.\A pectore denudari. Cic. Estre descouvert par la poitrine, Avoir la poitrine descouverte.\Ab exteriori parte. Cels. Par dehors.\A verecundia. Liu. De honte qu'on ha.\Ab illo friget. Gel. Ce n'est rien aupris de luy.\A, Propter: vt A metu infamiae. Tacit. Pour crainte du deshonneur, Craignant deshonneur.\A spe quam successus rerum augebat. Liu. A cause de l'esperance, A raison ou pour l'esperance.\Ab ira et odio. Liu. Par courroux et haine.\A sole dolet. Plin. Il est malade du soleil, Le soleil luy a faict mal, ou l'a faict malade.\Ab, pro Erga. Cic. Ab innocentia clementissimus. Envers les innocens.\A vel Ab pro A parte, siue Ex parte. Liu. Ab Sabinis Metius Curtius. Du costé des Sabins, ou de la part des Sabins.\Ab Romanis tubae cornuaque cecinerunt. Liu. Les trompettes et cornets sonnerent du costé des Rommains. Les Rommains sonnerent la trompette.\Ei testamento legat grandem pecuniam a filio. Cic. Il luy laisse un legz d'une grande somme d'argent payable par les mains de son filz.\Ab aliqua re otium vel tempus habere. Terent. N'estre point empesché, et ne laisser point d'avoir bon loisir pour cela.\A vel Ab, proximitatem loci significat. Cic. Venisse eum a Roma. D'aupres de Romme.\Ab Roma aberat. Cic. N'estoit point autour, ou aupres de Romme.\Ab accidentibus, Qui ha charge de mettre en escript et d'advertir des choses qui surviennent. \ Ab aure, Secretaire.\A commentariis, Celuy qui fait le registre des prisonniers, Geolier, ou un Chroniqueur. \ Ab epistolis. Suet. Secretaire.\A latere Regis. Les amis familiers du Roy qui ne bougent de son costé. \ A libellis, Maistre des requestes.\A manu, A manu, seruus, et A manibus. Suet. Un clerc qui sert pour escrire.\A pedibus, vel A pedibus seruus. Cic. Un laquay. quod etiam Ad pedes, Martiali: et Circum pedes, Ciceroni: dicitur.\A secretis, Secretaire.\A studiis. Sue. Celuy de qui nous nous servons au faict de nos estudes.\A rationibus. Suet. Maistre correcteur, auditeur, ou autre officier és comptes. President des comptes. B.\A voluptatibus. Suet. Qui ha charge d'inventer toute sorte de passetemps pour le prince.\Positis castris a milibus passuum quindecim. Caes. Ayant assis son camp à quinze mille pas pres.\Ab illo tibi soluam. Cic. Je te feray delivrer par luy ce que je te doy.\Viaticum vt dem ab trapezita tibi. Plaut. A fin que je te baille argent pour voyager par les mains du banquier, Que je te face delivrer argent par la banque.\Ab Aulo Sextilio dicit se dedisse, et a suis fratribus. Cic. Il dit avoir payé de l'argent de Sextilius, et de l'argent ou de la bourse de ses freres.\A cauda de ouo exeunt. Plin. La queue devant, ou la queue la premiere. \ Pedibus genitus Nero. Pli. Les pieds devant.\Quaecunque animal pariunt, in capita gignunt. Plin. Les testes devant.\A matre pulli. Colum. Prins dessoubs les ailes de la mere.\A lenone manu asserere. Plaut. Retirer une fille, et la delivrer d'entre les mains d'un maquereau.\Instructus a philosophia. Cic. Garni de philosophie. Scavant en philosophie.\Inuictus a labore. Cic. Qui ne se lasse point de labeur et travail. Non vaincu de ou par labeur.\Ab exule prope esse. Taci. Estre presque banni. N'estre gueres moins que banni.\A contumelia, quam a laude propius fuerit, post Vitellium eligi. Tacit. Estre esleu apres Vitelle, approcheroit plus de deshonneur, que de gloire.\Ab amore scribere. Balbus Ciceroni. De grand amour.\Ab aspectu decorus. Colu. Beau à veoir.\Ab aliquo describere. Cic. Transcrire du livre d'un autre.\A se aliquid promere. Cic. Dire quelque chose du sien, de soymesme et de son invention.\A me salutem dic Ciceroni. Cic. Salue Cicero de par moy.\A me illos habe commendatissimos. Cic. Je te les recommande tant que je puis. Ayes les en recommandation pour l'amour de moy.\A sole calor. Cic. Chaleur de soleil.\A puppi religatus. Cic. Attaché, ou lié à la poupe.\A stirpe socius Pop. Rom. Sallust. De race.\A stirpe, pro Stirpitus. Liu. Dés la racine, Totalement, du tout.\Ab auro fulgorem reuereri. Lucret. Avoir en reverence ceulx qui sont vestus de drap d'or, ou qui reluisent de dorures.\A limine disciplinas salutare. Seneca. Estudier quelque peu et legerement.\Ab eo, pro Eius. Terent. Atque ab eo gratiam inibo. Je gaigneray sa bonne grace.\Ab illo iniuria. Terent. Le tort qu'il fait.\A, interdum redundare videtur. Tacit. A metu infamiae. De paour de deshonneur. Liu. Castra a stationibus firma.\A et Ab, eleganter vtimur cum his dictionibus Vsque et Prope. Cic. Vsque a Capitolio. Dés le Capitole.\Tam prope ab domo. Cic. Si pres de la maisons. -
3 contra
contrā, adv. and prep. [stem con, i. e. cum, through a comparative form conter; cf.: alter, uter, inter, praeter, etc.; in abl. fem. form like the locative adverbs ea, qua, etc.; cf.: ultra, intra, extra, citra], orig., in comparison with; hence, over against, fronting, in front, opposite, in opposition to, against, contrary to, opposed to, etc.I.Adv. (referring to an opposed object often with the force of a preposition with ellipsis of a pronoun, = against it, against him, etc.).A.Local.1.Lit., of position in front of a person, place, or thing.a.With verb of being or position expressed or understood.(α).Referring to living beings, opposite, in face of, face to face, facing, in front of, fronting, confronting (not in Cic., Caes., or Sall.):(β).feminam scelestam te, adstans contra, contuor,
Plaut. Pers. 2, 2, 26:ut confidenter mihi contra adstitit,
id. Capt. 3, 5, 6; Lucr. 4, 223; 6, 929:signum contra, quoad longissume oculi ferebant, animo finivit,
Liv. 1, 18, 8:stat contra starique jubet,
Juv. 3, 290:stat contra dicitque tibi tua pagina Fures!
Mart. 1, 55, 12:ulmus erat contra,
in front of her, Ov. M. 14, 661:templa vides contra,
in front (of us), id. ib. 7, 587.—Of position in front of the enemy:contra conserta manu,
Plaut. Mil. 1, 1, 3: contra consistere, to make front against them, Caes. B. G. 2, 17.—Referring to things and places, over against (it), opposite (to it), on the opposite side (mostly post-Aug.):b.contra jacet Cancer patulam distentus in alvum,
Manil. 2, 253:posita contra Hispania,
Tac. Agr. 11:promuntorium quod contra procedit,
Plin. 4, 2, 3, § 6: relinquendae autem contra erunt vacuae tabellae, on the opposite side, i. e. of the leaf, Quint. 10, 3, 32: illo quaerente cur non decidant contra siti, the antipodes (cf. Cic. Ac. 2, 39, 123; v. II. A. 1. c. a), Plin. 2, 65, 65, § 161.—With the governing verb understood:arguam hanc vidisse apud te contra conservum meum,
face to face, Plaut. Mil. 2, 2, 91:jam omnia contra circaque hostium plena erant, Liv 5, 37, 8: eadem verba contra (i. e. ponuntur),
side by side, Quint. 9, 3, 36; Verg. A. 6, 23.—With verbs of motion, so as to be opposite to an object or face to face with a person, variously rendered.(α).Referring to persons:(β).accede ad me atque adi contra,
come right up to me, Plaut. Rud. 1, 4, 23; id. Bacch. 3, 6, 6: hostes crebri cadunt; nostri contra ingruunt, advance to their front (in Plaut. hostility is not implied in contra), id. Am. 1, 1, 84: quis nos pater aut cognatu' volet contra tueri, face to face, eye to eye, Enn. ap. Varr. L. L. 7, § 12 Mull. (Trag. Rel. v. 444 Rib.); Att. ap. Macr. S. 6, 1, 55 (Trag. Rel. v. 538 ib.):adspicedum contra me = contra adspice me,
Plaut. Most. 5, 1, 56 Lorenz ad lec.:contra adspicere,
id. Mil. 2, 1, 45:contra intueri,
Liv. 1, 16, 6; 9, 6, 8; Sen. Q. N. 1, 3, 6:cum veniret contra Marcianus,
Quint. 6, 3, 95; Plin. 9, 46, 70, § 152.—Of things:2.hic ubi sol radiis... Adversa fulsit nimborum aspergine contra,
Lucr. 6, 525; Cels. 8, 8, 1:quam (turrim) promoti contra validi asseres... perfregere,
Tac. H. 4, 30.—Reciprocally: oscula non pervenientia contra, not coming through (the wall) so as to meet, Ov. M. 4, 80.—Transf. to equivalents of weight, value, and price; so,(α).In Plaut. only in the colloq. phrases auro contra, aurichalco contra, and contra auro (sc. posito); lit., for gold placed against; cf.:(β).aes contrarium, s. v. contrarius: (servus) non carus'st auro contra,
at his weight in gold, Plaut. Ep. 3, 3, 30: jam auro contra constat filius, id. Truc. 2, 6, 57 (Speng. aurichalco): auro contra cedo modestum amatorem! A me aurum accipe. Pa. Cedo mihi contra aurichalco quoi ego sano serviam, id. Curc. 1, 3, 45 sq.; id. Mil. 3, 1, 63; 4, 2, 85; id. Ps. 2, 3, 23.—In post-Aug. prose (very rare):3.at si aquae et ejus rei quam contra pensabis par pondus erit, nec pessum ibit, nec exstabit, etc.,
Sen. Q. N. 3, 25, 5.—Of reciprocal actions, = vicissim, in turn, in return, back, on my, his, etc., part, likewise, counter-.(α).In gen.:(β).te ut deludam contra, lusorem meum,
Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 71:quae me amat, quam ego contra amo,
id. Merc. 5. 2, 77; id. Cist. 1, 1, 96; id. Trin. 4, 2, 55; id. As. 2, 2, 110:qui arguat se, eum contra vincat jurejurando suo,
make a victorious counter-charge, id. Mil. 2, 2, 37:si laudabit haec Illius formam, tu hujus contra (i. e. lauda),
Ter. Eun. 3, 1, 54:audi nunc contra jam,
listen in turn, id. Phorm. 4, 4, 18; id. Ad. 5, 4, 23:at tu mihi contra nunc videre fortunatus, Phaedria, Cui, etc.,
you likewise seem fortunate to me, id. Phorm. 1, 3, 21:Mettius Tullo gratulatur, contra Tullus Mettium benigne alloquitur,
Liv. 1, 28, 1:contra ut me diligat illa,
Cat. 76. 23; Hor. S. 1, 3, 27 Orell. ad loc.—Hence, with ellipsis of inquit, = respondit:cui latrans contra senex,
Phaedr. 5, 10, 7:scietis, inquam, etc., contra Nigrinus: ad quem missi sunt? ego, etc.,
Plin. Ep. 7, 6, 4.—Rarely with inquit, etc., expressed: at ille contra, renidens, Audi, inquit, discipule, etc.,
Gell. 15, 9, 9; cf.:contra talia reddit,
Claud. B. Gild. 379.—With dat. pers.:(γ).consulo quem dolum doloso contra conservo parem,
Plaut. Mil. 2, 2, 45:facere contra huic aegre,
Ter. Eun. 4, 1, 10:hiscine contra insidiabere?
id. Hec. 1. 1, 13:tibi contra gratiam Referre,
id. ib. 4, 2, 7.—With item:(δ).item a me contra factum est,
Plaut. Aul. prol. 20:puellam senex Amat et item contra filius,
id. Cas. prol. 49; id. Pers. 5, 2, 36; id. Am. 1, 1, 67; Ter. Ad. 1, 1, 25.—Combining a reciprocal with a local relation (A. 1. a. a, and b. a): contra carinantes verba, exchanging abusive words ( face to face), Enn. ap. Serv. ad Verg. A. 8, 361 (Ann. v. 181 Vahl.): tubae utrimque contra canunt;(ε).Consonat terra,
Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 73; 1, 1, 86:confer gradum Contra pariter,
id. Ps. 2, 4, 18; id. Truc. 1, 2, 28:video amicam... Ubi contra adspexit me, etc.,
id. Mil. 2, 1, 45; Verg. E. 7, 8; cf. Lucr. 4, 243:vesper adest, juvenes consurgite!... Cernitis, innuptae, juvenes? consurgite contra!
Cat. 62, 6.—Implying also opposition: Pe. Conpellabo. Ph. Orationis aciem contra conferam, Plaut. Ep. 4, 1, 20:B.si scias quod donum huic dono contra comparet,
what counter gift, Ter. Eun. 2, 3, 63: quod Scipio postulavit... ut, etc. Et quod contra collega postulavit ne, etc., Annal. Trib. Pleb. ap. Gell. 7 (6), 19, 5:si vobis aequa et honesta postulatio videtur, ego contra brevem postulationem adfero,
Cic. Rosc. Am. 2, 7; Nep. Epam. 6, 1;Auct. B. Alex. 24: illo licente contra liceri audeat nemo,
to bid in opposition, Caes. B. G. 1, 18; Liv. 4, 53, 6:agedum pauca accipe contra,
Hor. S. 1, 4, 38.—So in battle:Numidae... Romanorum ordines conturbare... neque contra feriundi copia erat,
Sall. J. 50, 4; and in law: et ab eo is qui adoptat vindicat... et illo contra non vindicante, etc., Gai Inst. 1, 134; 2, 24.—Esp. in replies:oratio contra a Demosthene pro Ctesiphonte edita,
Cic. de Or. 3, 56, 213:dicit accusator haec: primum, etc.... quid contra reus?
id. Clu. 30, 81; id. Fin. 5, 22, 63; Curt. 4, 1, 10; 7, 9, 1.Of opposition, strife, etc., against; constr. absol., with dat., and ne, quominus or quin.1.Of physical exertion.(α).Lit.:(β).concurrunt... aetheriae nubes contra pugnantibu' ventis,
struggling against each other, Lucr. 6. 98:nec nos obniti contra... Sufficimus,
bear up, battle against, Verg. A. 5, 21; Ov. M. 9, 50; 2, 434:at ille contra nititur,
resists, Plin. 2, 38, 38, § 103; 7, 20, 19, § 82:pars remigum, tamquam imperitia... officia nautarum impediebant. Mox contra tendere,
rowed in an opposite direction, Tac. H. 4, 16.—Trop.:2.te rogo ne contrahas ac demittas animum, neque te obrui tamquam fluctu... sinas, contraque erigas ac resistas,
Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 1, § 4:et torrens judicem vel nitentem contra feret, cogatque ire qua rapiet,
Quint. 12, 10, 61.— With ne: vi contra niti, ne advorsus eum fiat, Cato ap. Gell. 7 (6), 3, 16.—With quominus, Lucr. 1, 780.—Of mental exertion:3.si tibi vera videntur, Dede manus, aut, si falsum est, accingere contra,
arm yourself against them, Lucr. 2, 1043; 2, 280. —With dat.:siti contra... pugnandum,
Cels. 4, 2 fin. —Of hostile opposition in gen.(α).Lit.:(β).quod animadversum est in eo qui contra omni ratione pugnarunt, non debeo reprehendere,
who made opposition in every way, Cic. Rosc. Am. 47, 137; id. Verr. 2, 2, 43, § 107:contra etiam aliquid abs te profectum ex multis audivi,
something inimical, id. Fam. 5, 5, 2.—Trop.:4.aut alio quovis (sc. colore) qui contra pugnet et obstet,
Lucr. 2, 794; 2, 868.—Of warfare.(α).Lit.:(β).ut eos adversarios existimemus qui arma contra ferant,
Cic. Off. 1, 25, 87; 1, 12, 37; Vell. 2, 28, 4; cf.:quid quod exercitum contra duxit?
Auct. Her. 4, 16, 23:ut si qua ex parte obviam contra veniretur, acie instructa depugnarent,
if they should be attacked by an open charge, Caes. B. G. 7, 28:issentque confestim ad urbem ni venire contra exercitum... audissent,
Liv. 7, 39, 17:cum Romanae legiones contra direxerint,
would oppose their march, Tac. H. 4, 58; id. A. 6, 44.—With dat.:et huic contra itum ad amnem Erinden,
Tac. A. 11, 10.—Trop.:5.quod ubi viderunt corvi, contra auxiliantur, velut adversus communem hostem,
Plin. 10, 74, 95, § 205.—Of legal contests.(α).With verbs of saying; v. 9. a.—(β).Venire contra, of any legal act with the intention to hurt the adversary:(γ).quid? si omnium mortalium Sthenio nemo inimicior quam hic C. Claudius... fuit? si de litteris corruptis contra venit, etc.?
if he made a charge of forgery against him? Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 43, § 107; cf. II. B. c. b.—On the part of the adversary:(δ).inveniendum contra est, quo distet haec causa a ceteris,
Quint. 5, 10, 114; 9, 2, 35; 12, 8, 10.—Of judgments against the parties or against opinions:6.ne spoliaret fama probatum hominem si contra judicasset,
given an adverse decision, Cic. Off. 3, 19, 77; cf. Val. Max. 7, 2, 4; Cic. Caecin. 24, 69.—Of literary opposition.(α).Mostly with verbs of saying; v. 9. a. g.—(β).With other verbs:7.astrologorum artem contra convincere tendit,
Lucr. 5, 728:contra nunc illud pone, etc.,
Sen. Ben. 7, 14, 6:habeat (liber meus) etiam quosdam qui contra sentiant et adversentur,
some dissentients and opponents, Quint. 3, 1, 5; 2, 17, 40; 3, 8, 69.—Of public and political opposition.(α).With verbs of saying; v. 9. a. d.—(β).With petere, to be a candidate for office in opposition to another:8.nihil enim supererat de quo certarent, nihil quod contra peterent,
no office was left for which to canvass against each other, Cic. Agr. 2, 33, 91:honores contra petere,
Quint. 6, 1, 17.—With ire, with dat., of an opposing vote in the senate (cf.:pedibus ire): sententia Cassii ut nemo unus contra ire ausus est, ita dissonae voces respondebant,
Tac. A. 14, 45.—Of violation of law, contracts, etc.: contra facere, or contra committere, to violate, transgress a law, etc.: leges esse non ex ejus qui contra commiserit utilitate, spectari oportere, not in the interest of the transgressor, Cic. Inv. 2, 48, 153:9.si quis sub hoc pacto vendiderit ancillam ne prostitueretur, et si contra factum esset,
and if the contract was violated, Dig. 18, 1, 56.—With verbs of saying, etc., contra dicere; less freq. disputare, disserere, pugnare, in the sense of dicere, and contra scribere (often contradico, in one word, in post-Aug. writers; esp. with dat.).a.Absol.(α).Contra dicere, to speak as counsel of the adversary, to plead his cause, in legal proceedings:(β).cum contra dicturus Hortensius esset,
would speak on the other side, Cic. Quint. 24, 77:hoc... contra dicente Cotta judicatum est,
id. Caecin. 33, 97:dixisse ut contra nemo videretur,
id. Brut. 53, 198: ut contra Crassus... exorsus est, began on the other side, id. ib. § 197.—Hence: qui contra dicit, the adversary or counsel of the adversary:contra autem qui dicet, similitudinem infirmare debebit,
Cic. Inv. 2, 50, 151; id. Part. Or. 21, 108.—In the same sense: agens contra: si nos... impares agentium contra ingeniis dixerimus, that we are unequal to the talents of our adversary's counsel, [p. 453] Quint. 4, 1, 8.—To make charges against (rare):(γ).si qui contra vellet dicere, usurum esse eum suo testimonio,
Cic. Clu. 48, 134:qua ratione nemo neque tum item fecerit, neque nunc contra dicat,
id. Quint. 29, 88; so,contra disputare, of objections to or against a witness: nihil contra disputabo priusquam dixerit,
id. Fl. 21, 51.—In gen., to speak on the other side of a question:(δ).fiebat autem ita, ut cum is qui audire vellet dixisset quid sibi videretur, tum ego contra dicerem,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 4, 8; id. Fin. 2, 1, 2; so,contra disputare and contra scribere,
id. Or. 1, 19, 85; Vitr. 3, 1, 6; Quint. 2, 17, 13; Dig. 9, 2, 21, § 1.—Hence: qui contra dicunt or disputant, the opponents:nec qui contra dicunt causam difficilem repellunt,
Cic. Fin. 3, 1, 2:ad coarguendos qui contra disputant,
to refule his opponents, Quint. 2, 15, 26.—To oppose or object to a proposition, motion, or petition:(ε). (ζ).quam palam principes dixerunt contra!
protested against it, Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 16, § 41; Caes. B. C. 1, 32; Cic. Clu. 47, 130.—With pugnare:cum decerneretur frequenti senatu, contra pugnante Pisone, etc.,
Cic. Att. 1, 14, 5:filius ejus incolumitatem optat: contradicit pater,
the father objects, Quint. 9, 2, 85; 9, 2, 83; Plin. ap. Gell. 9, 16, 5; Cic. Dom. 33, 87:contradicente nullo,
Suet. Caes. 20; Dig. 3, 3, 15.—Abl. absol. impers.:b.explorandum videtur an etiam contradicto aliquando judicio consuetudo firmata sit,
whether the custom has been confirmed by judgment upon a judicial contest, Dig. 1, 3, 34.—With acc. neutr. pron., to object, to make or raise an objection, to reply; esp. in legal proceedings:c.ego enim, te disputante, quid contra dicerem meditabar,
Cic. N. D. 3, 1, 1:ut contra si quid dicere velit non audiatur,
id. Fin. 5, 10, 27:aiebat illum primo sane diu multa contra (i. e. dixisse), ad extremum autem, etc.,
id. Att. 2, 22, 2.— Hence: quod contra dicitur, or quae contra dicuntur, the objections:ut et id quod intenderemus confirmare, et id quod contra diceretur refellere (possemus),
refute the objections, Cic. de Or. 1, 20, 90:quia neque reprehendi quae contra dicuntur possunt, etc.,
id. ib. 2, 81, 331; id. Inv. 2, 44, 127; Quint. 1, 2, 17.—In the same sense, as subst.: contrā dicta, orum, n. plur.:seu proposita confirmamus, sive contra dicta dissolvimus,
or refute the objections, Quint. 4, prooem. 6.—With acc. and inf.:dicitur contra, nullum esse testamentum,
the objection is made that there is no testament, Cic. Agr. 2, 6, 42.—With dat., written in one word (post-Aug.).(α).To oppose a person by speaking against his views:(β).solitum se etiam Thraseae contradicere,
to oppose even Thrasea, Tac. H. 2, 91:tibi,
Suet. Aug. 54:Curioni...,
id. Rhet. 1. —Hence of answers and replies in law: quid si filium testatoris heres ejus prohibuit? Huic contradici potest: ergo pietatis, etc., he may be answered by this plea, etc., Dig. 11, 7, 14, § 13.—And of advisory answers opposed to one's legal views:volenti mihi ream adulterii postulare eam, etc., contradictum est,
my views were disapproved, rejected, Dig. 48, 5, 11, § 10.—To oppose an opinion, with dat. of the thing:(γ).cum plures tantum sententiis aliorum contradicerent,
opposed the opinions, Tac. H. 1, 39.—To object to a motion or petition, with dat. of the petitioner:(δ).patrem qui damnavit optat ne is torqueatur: pater ei contradicit,
the father objects, Quint. 9, 2, 81:cum ambienti ut legibus solveretur multi contradicerent,
Suet. Caes. 18; Dig. 40, 5, 14; 40, 12, 33.—With dat. of the petition:(ε).preces erant, sed quibus contradici non posset,
which could not be denied, Tac. H. 4, 46 fin.; Dig. 3, 1, 1, § 2.—To contest the validity of a law (rare):(ζ).quibus (legibus) contradici potest,
Quint. 7, 7, 4.—To contradict an assertion (very rare):d.pro certis autem habemus... cuicunque adversarius non contradicit,
Quint. 5, 10, 13.—With quin, to object:C.praetor Samnitibus respondit... nec contra dici quin amicitia de integro reconcilietur,
there was no objection to a reconciliation, Liv. 8, 2, 2.To one's disadvantage; mostly predic. with esse, unfavorable, adverse, damaging (post-Aug.;D.but cf. II. B. 2.): ut eum qui responsurus est vel tacere, vel etiam invitum id quod sit contra cogat fateri,
Quint. 7, 3, 14:cum verba (legis) contra sint,
id. 7, 1, 49:sed experimentum contra fuit,
unsuccessful, Tac. H. 2, 97 fin.:ubi fortuna contra fuit,
id. ib. 3, 18:si fortuna contra daret,
should be unfavorable, id. ib. 1, 65 fin.; id. A. 15, 13.Of logical opposition, with negative force.1.Of a direct contrast.a.Predicatively, with esse, fieri, etc., the contrary, the opposite:b.quod fieri totum contra manifesta docet res,
but experience teaches that just the contrary is true, Lucr. 3, 686; 4, 1088:in stultitia contra est,
with fools the reverse is true, Cic. Clu. 31, 84:in hac quidem re vereor ne etiam contra (i. e. sit),
id. Att. 12, 46; id. Off. 1, 15, 49:quod contra est,
Sall. J. 85, 21:quis non credat, etc.? Contra autem est,
Sen. Q. N. 3, 25, 12; id. Ep. 7, 3; Dig. 37, 4, 4:contra fore si, etc.,
ib. 34, 2, 39, § 2:immo forsitan et contra (i. e. erit),
ib. 41, 3, 49:ego contra puto (i. e. esse),
Plin. Ep. 1, 20, 7; Lampr. Alex. Sev. 25.—With evenire, accidere, sentire, scribere, habere, etc.:c.utrumque contra accidit: istic enim bellum est exortum, hic pax consecuta,
of both the contrary has happened, Cic. Fam. 12, 18, 2; so Dig. 38, 2, 51:id ego contra puto (sc.: faciendum esse),
id. Att. 10, 8, 2:contra evenit in iis morbis,
Sen. Ep. 52, 7; Plin. 2, 65, 65, § 163:ego contra sentio,
Sen. Clem. 1, 15, 5; Sedig. ap. Gell. 15, 24, 4; Dig. 40, 2, 25:Proculus contra (sc. sentit),
ib. 35, 2, 1, § 14; 33, 7, 25:licet Celsus contra scribat,
ib. 9, 2, 21, § 1: contra probatur, Gai Inst. 2, 78; Dig. 33, 7, 12, § 34.—Very rarely referring to a term in the same clause:cujus disparem mitioremque naturam contra interpretabatur,
interpreted in an opposite sense, misinterpreted, misunderstood, Tac. H. 4, 86 fin. —Referring to a word or phrase in the same predicate.(α).To an adverb, in an opposite manner, otherwise, differently, not, etc.:(β).nam ad summam totius rei pertinet, caute an contra demonstrata res sit,
Cic. de Or. 2, 81, 330: quod viriliter animoque fit, id, etc.;quod contra, id turpe,
id. Off. 1, 27, 94:sit sapienter usus aut contra,
Quint. 2, 5, 15:lactuca locis apricis optume autumno ponitur, mediterraneis aut frigidis contra ( = pessime),
Col. 11, 3, 25.—To a predicative adjective, not, the opposite, the reverse, etc.:(γ).ut aliae (res) probabiles videantur aliae contra,
improbable, Cic. Ac. 2, 32, 103; id. Off. 2, 2, 7:quid est quod me impediat ea quae probabilia mihi videantur sequi, quae contra, improbare,
id. ib. 2, 2, 8; id. Or. 2, 31, 135; Quint. 4, 2, 52.—To a verbal predicate:(δ).an frater fratri exsistat heres, an contra ( = annon),
Dig. 34, 5, 19.—To a subject infinitive:(ε).laudare testem vel contra pertinet ad momentum judiciorum,
praising or censuring a witness, Quint. 3, 7, 2.—To a clause, translated by not or by a repetition of the clause with a negative:(ζ).quae secundum naturam essent, ea sumenda et quadam aestimatione dignanda docebat, contraque contraria,
those that were not, not, Cic. Ac. 1, 10, 36: quod cuidam aut sapiens videor quod una non jerim, aut felix fuisse;mihi contra,
id. Att. 9, 12, 4: an credibile est, incestum cum filia commissum? Et contra, veneficum in noverca, adulterum in luxurioso? and incredible, etc., Quint. 5, 10, 19; so Dig. 9, 1, 2, § 1.—To an attributive genitive:2.Marius cognoscere quid boni utrisque or contra esset (i. e. mali),
Sall. J. 88, 2:verum de origine laudis contraque perspiciemus suo tempore (i. e. vituperationis),
Quint. 2, 4, 21:alii a propositione accusatoris contraque loci oriuntur,
the accuser and the accused, id. 7, 2, 31;so in several titles of the Digests, as Depositi vel contra, = actio depositi, vel contraria actio depositarii,
Dig. 16, 3 tit.; so ib. 16, 17, 1; 16, 13, 6; 16, 13, 7.—Reversing the relation of terms in the preceding sentence, the reverse, conversely, vice versa, etc.a.With its own predicate: saepe... corpus aegret, Cum tamen ex alia laetamur parte latenti;b.Et retro fit uti contra sit saepe vicissim, Cum miser ex animo laetatur corpore toto,
Lucr. 3, 108: illa altera argumentatio, quasi retro et contra, prius sumit, etc., ( proceeding), so to speak, backward and in inverted order, Cic. Part. Or. 13, 46: neque illud ignoro, etc.; sed non idem accidit contra, but the converse is not true, Quint. 8, 6, 3; Gell. 4, 2, 5: ut vocabula verbis, verba rursus adverbiis, nomina appositis et pronominibus essent priora. Nam fit contra quoque frequenter non indecore. for often, not inelegantly, the order is reversed, Quint. 9, 4, 24:quae etiam contra valent,
i. e. if the terms are reversed, id. 3, 7, 25; 9, 2, 49; 8, 6, 25; 9, 4, 72.—Belonging to the same predicate:E.ut quidque erit dicendum ita dicet, nec satura jejune, nec grandia minute, nec item contra,
Cic. Or. 36, 123:cum emtor venditori, vel contra, heres exstitit,
Dig. 35, 2, 48:in quibus patrium pro possessivo dicitur, vel contra,
Quint. 1, 5, 45; 5, 10, 71:junguntur autem aut ex nostro et peregrino, ut biclinium, aut contra, ut epitogium et Anticato,
id. 1, 5, 68:ut capras in montosis potius locis quam in herbidis (pascar), equas contra,
but with mares the reverse is the case, Varr. R. R. 2, 1, 16:itaque ille dicere melius quam praecipere, nos contra fortasse possumus,
Cic. Or. 42, 143:qua collegi solent ex his quae faciunt ea quae faciuntur, aut contra,
or vice versa, Quint. 5, 10, 80; Dig. 14, 1, 1, § 12; 48, 5, 23, § 4.In logical antithesis of clauses with a merely rhet. force, on the contrary, on the other hand, vice versa; sometimes almost = sed or autem (freq.).1.In independent clauses.a.Opposing persons or parties: fortunam insanam esse... perhibent philosophi... Sunt autem alii philosophi qui contra Fortunam negant ullam exstare, Pac. ap. Auct. Her. 2, 23, 36 (Trag. Rel. v. 372 Rib.); Caecil. ap. Cic. Tusc. 4, 32, 68; Varr. R. R. 1, 8, 1:b.ego etiam quae tu sine Verre commisisti Verri crimini daturus sum... Tu, contra, ne quae ille quidem fecit, obicies,
Cic. Div. in Caecil. 11, 35:ego contra ostendo, non modo nihil fecisse Sex. Roscium, sed, etc.,
id. Rosc. Am. 29, 79; id. Phil. 8, 3, 8; id. Off. 1, 30, 108; id. Fin. 5, 22, 62:in Italia bellum gerimus, in sede ac solo nostro... Hannibal contra in aliena, in hostili est terra,
Liv. 22, 39, 13; 21, 50, 2; 3, 15, 2; 6, 7, 4; 9, 35, 4 et saep.; Nep. Alcib. 8, 1; Vell. 2, 31, 4; Sen. Ep. 9, 14; id. Ira, 2, 33, 6; Plin. 35, 10, 37, § 113; Tac. H. 3, 84; 3, 57; Suet. Tib. 2; id. Vit. 2; Just. 2, 1, 10; 8, 4, 11:contra mercator, navim jactantibus austris Militia est potior?
Hor. S. 1, 1, 6; 1, 2, 30; 1, 3, 27; Prop. 2, 1, 45; 2, 23, 13 (3, 17, 3); Sen. Hippol. 214;so with versa vice: barbarae gentes (Alexandrum) non ut hostem, sed ut parentem luxerunt... Contra Macedones versa vice non ut civem, sed ut hostem amissum gaudebant,
Just. 13, 1, 7.—Introducing a secondary or parallel opposition of thought: in loco umidiore far potius serunt quam triticum;2.contra in aridiore hordeum potius quam far,
Varr. R. R. 1, 9, 4; 1, 1, 47: si nihil esset quod inane vocaret, Omne foret solidum;nisi contra corpora certe Essent, etc., Omne quod est spatium vacuum constaret inane,
Lucr. 1, 521; 4, 348; cf.:justa omnia decora sunt, injusta contra, ut turpia, sic indecora,
Cic. Off. 1, 27, 94; id. N. D. 2, 15, 41; id. de Or. 3, 33, 136; id. Quint. 30, 93: id. Off. 3, 21, 84; id. Leg. 2, 1, 2: facilem esse rem... si modo unum omnes sentiant; contra in dissensione nullam se salutem perspicere, Caes. B. G, 5, 31; Liv. 25, 30, 3; Sen. Ben. 1, 5, 2; Plin. 12, 19, 42, § 92; 11, 14, 14, § 35; Suet. Caes. 73; Gell. 1, 4, 5:si male rem gerere insani est, contra bene, sani,
Hor. S. 2, 3, 74.—In opposition to a dependent clause:3.ut hi miseri, sic contra illi beati quos, etc.,
Cic. Tusc. 5, 6, 16; so id. de Or. 1, 45, 198; Quint. 9, 3, 39:cui ego rei tantum abest ut impedimento sim, ut contra te M. Manli adhorter, etc.,
Liv. 6, 15, 5; 6, 31, 4:cum virtus adeo neminem spe ac pollicitatione corrumpat, ut contra in se inpendere jubeat, ac, etc.,
Sen. Ben. 4, 1, 2: aut igitur negemus quidquam ratione confici, cum contra nihil sine ratione recte fieri possit, aut, etc., whereas on the contrary, etc., Cic. Tusc. 4, 38, 84; cf.:at contra,
Lucr. 2, 392.—With co-ordinate conjunctions.a.Copulative, et contra or contraque (never with ac or atque); also nec contra (rare), and on the other hand.(α).With reference to a reason or conclusion, after nam, enim, cum, or itaque: nam et ratione uti... omnique in re quid sit veri videre et tueri decet, contraque falli [p. 454]... tam dedecet quam, etc., Cic. Off. 1, 27, 94:(β).malus est enim custos... metus, contraque benevolentia fidelis,
id. ib. 2, 7, 23:cum reficiat animos varietas ipsa, contraque sit aliquanto difficilius in labore uno perseverare,
Quint. 1, 12, 4; 3, 8, 32; 8, 6, 20:itaque in probris maxime in promptu est, si quid tale dici potest, etc. Contraque in laudibus, etc.,
Cic. Off. 1, 18, 61; cf. Suet. Calig. 51; so with nec:nam nec comoedia cothurnis assurgit, nec contra tragoedia socculo ingreditur,
Quint. 10, 2, 22.—With contrasted examples or illustrations, often after ut or sic:(γ).audivi ex majoribus natu, hoc idem fuisse in P. Scipione Nasica, contraque patrem ejus... nullam comitatem habuisse sermonis,
Cic. Off. 1, 30, 109:ut suspitionibus credi oportere, et contra suspitionibus credi non oportere,
id. Inv. 2, 15, 48; Quint. 8, 4, 1; 5, 10, 48; 9, 3, 7; 9, 4, 52; 11, 1, 14; Sen. Ep. 82, 14; Dig. 17, 1, 22, § 4.—With contrasted actions, assumptions, etc.:(δ).atque utinam qui ubique sunt propugnatores hujus imperii possent in hanc civitatem venire, et contra oppugnatores rei publicae de civitate exterminari!
Cic. Balb. 22, 51:domo pignori data, et area ejus tenebitur... et contra jus soli sequitur aedificium,
Dig. 13, 7, 21:equo et asina genitos mares, hinnos antiqui vocabant: contraque mulos quos asini et equae generassent,
Plin. 8, 44, 69, § 17: ceterum potest ex lege quidem esse judicium, sed legitimum non esse, et contra ex lege non esse, sed legitimum esse, Gai Inst. 4, 109; Plin. 2, 65, 65, § 161; 35, 15, 5, § 183.—After a negative clause, affirming the opposite idea, et contra or contraque, but on the contrary:b.in quo (consulatu) ego imperavi nihil, et contra patribus conscriptis et bonis omnibus parui,
Cic. Sull. 7, 21:nunc vero cum ne pulsus quidem ita sim ut superare non possim, contraque a populo Romano semper sim defensus, etc.,
id. Dom. 33, 88; id. Fin. 2, 17, 55; id. Marcell. 6, 20; so,et contra,
Suet. Tit. 7.—With adversative conjunctions, at contra, sed contra, contra autem, contra vero (not verum contra, nor contra tamen).(α).At contra (freq.), merely a strengthened contra (v. 1. supra): huc accedit uti mellis lactisque liquores Jucundo sensu linguae tractentur in ore;(β).At contra taetri absinthi natura... foedo pertorqueat ora sapore,
Lucr. 2, 400:cogunt,
id. 2, 74; 1, 366; 2, 235 et saep.: nos qui domi sumus, tibi beati videmur;at contra nobis tu quidem... prae nobis beatus,
Cic. Fam. 4, 4, 2; id. Tusc. 1, 3, 5; id. Rosc. Am. 45, 131; id. Verr. 2, 5, 26, § 66; Sall. J. 36, 2; 4, 7; 15, 3; id. C. 12, 5:ideo siccas aiunt Aethiopiae solitudines... At contra constat Germaniam abundare rivis,
Sen. Q. N. 3, 6, 2; 1, 3, 1; id. Ep. 100, 7; Plin. 7, 53, 54, § 186; Suet. Galb. 15; Tac. A. 4, 28.—Sed contra, after a negative sentence (class.):(γ).non quo acui ingenia adulescentium nollem, sed contra ingenia obtundi nolui,
Cic. de Or. 3, 24, 93; id. Att. 9, 15, 3; id. Ac. 1, 10, 35; id. Fl. 11, 26:arma populi Romani non liberis servitutem, sed contra servientibus libertatem adferre,
Liv. 45, 18, 1:tu ne cede malis, sed contra audentior ito,
Verg. A. 6, 95; Plin. Ep. 1, 10, 12.—PostAug. also without a preceding negation:obiisse nostro Laium scelere autumant superi inferique: sed animus contra innocens... negat,
Sen. Oedip. 765; Symm. Ep. 6, 81.—Contra autem (rare;(δ).in Cic. only where different subjects have contrasted predicates in dependent clauses): quia pacis est insigne toga, contra autem arma tumultus atque belli,
Cic. Pis. 30, 73.—In later writers = contra alone:sub septemtrione aedificia... conversa ad calidas partes oportere fieri videntur. Contra autem sub impetu solis meridiani regionibus conversa ad septemtrionem... sunt facienda,
Vitr. 6, 1, 2; Gell. 14, 2, 19; Dig. 7, 1, 25, § 3; 34, 3, 25.—Contra vero (very rare;(ε).not in Cic.), used for contra: contra vero quercus infinitam habet aeternitatem,
Vitr. 2, 9, 8; 6, 1, 3; Cels. 3, 6 fin. —Atqui contra, App. Mag. p. 287, 24.—c.With disjunctive conjunctions, aut contra, vel contra, seu contra, or on the contrary, or conversely (always without change of subject).(α).Aut contra:(β).num aut scriptum neget, aut contra factum infitietur?
Cic. Part. Or. 38, 133: quae (mens) aut languescit... aut contra tumescit, etc., Quint. 1, 2, 18:si imbres defuere, aut contra abundavere,
Plin. 17, 24, 37, § 228.—Vel contra:(γ).hinc enim quaestiones oriuntur: Injuriam fecisti, sed quia magistratus, majestatis actio est? Vel contra: Licuit... quia magistratus?
Quint. 5, 10, 40; 9, 4, 96; Suet. Galb. 3; Dig. 35, 2, 56, § 4; 8, 4, 6.—Seu contra:d.seu tristis veniam, seu contra laetus amicis,
Prop. 1, 11, 25.—With causal conjunctions, nam contra (very rare;4.never contra enim): falso queritur de natura sua genus humanum quod, etc. Nam contra, reputando, neque majus aliud, neque praestabilius invenies,
Sall. J. 1, 1; Quint. 1, 1, 1; 9, 2, 23. —In late Lat., e contra (also one word, ēcontrā) = contra,(α).In the meaning, the contrary (D. 1.):(β).aliis vero econtra videtur,
Hier. Ep. 12.—Et econtra = et contra (E. 3. a.):5.honestiorum provectu et econtra suppliciis,
Aur. Vict. Caes. 39, 45.—For quod contra, v. II. E. 1. c.—With emphatic particles.a.Quin contra, nay on the contrary, opposing an affirmative sentence to a preceding negative statement (quin etiam amplifies without opposition; sed contra opposes without amplification; quin contra both opposes and amplifies);b.not before Livy: num qui enim socordius rempublicam administrari post Calvi tribunatum... quam? etc. Quin contra patricios aliquot damnatos... neminem plebeium,
Liv. 6, 37, 8; 31, 31, 9; 35, 26, 10; 37, 15, 3.—Immo contra (post-Aug.).(α).= no, on the contrary, refuting opinions, after questions and in the form of a dialogue:(β).existimas nunc me detrahere tibi multas voluptates?... Immo contra, nolo tibi umquam deesse laetitiam,
Sen. Ep. 23, 3; Dig. 33, 7, 5; 33, 7, 29.—= sed contra, but on the contrary:c.proinde ne submiseris te, immo contra fige stabilem gradum,
Sen. Cons. Marc. 5, 6; id. Cons. Polyb. 15, 2; cf. prep.:immo contra ea,
Liv. 41, 24, 8; cf. II. E. 1. b. infra.—Item contra = an emphatic et contra (very rare):F.quoniam... beate vivere alii in alio, vos in voluptate ponitis, item contra miseriam in dolore, etc.,
Cic. Fin. 2, 27, 86; cf. I. A. 3. g supra.With a comparative clause introduced by ac, atque, or quam, representing a logical or moral opposition (contra atque debuit = non ita ut debuit; cf. Cic. Or. 3, 19, 70); cf. prep., II. C. 3. g, and II. E. 2. infra.1.Of logical opposition, contrary to, different from, otherwise than; in the best prose only with atque or ac.(α).With atque:(β).item, contra atque apud nos, fieri ad Elephantinem ut neque ficus neque vites amittant folia,
Varr. R. R. 1, 7, 6:simulacrum Jovis, contra atque ante fuerat, ad orientem convertere,
Cic. Cat. 3, 8, 20; id. Sull. 24, 69:judicium suscepturos contra atque omnis Italia populusque Romanus judicavisset,
Caes. B. C. 3, 12; id. B. G. 4, 13; Plin. 12, 19, 43, § 95.—With ac:(γ).itaque contra est ac dicitis,
Cic. Fin. 4, 15, 41:vides, omnia fere contra ac dicta sint evenisse,
id. Div. 2, 24, 53; so id. Verr. 2, 4, 6, § 11; id. Or. 40, 137:cum contra ac Deiotarus sensit victoria belli judicaret,
id. Phil. 11, 13, 34:Petreius ubi videt, Catilinam, contra ac ratus erat, magna vi tendere, etc.,
Sall. C. 60, 5.—With ac and atque:(δ).si denique aliquid non contra ac liceret factum diceretur, sed contra atque oporteret,
Cic. Balb. 3, 7.—With quam (post-Aug.):2.cui contra quam proposuerat aliqua cesserunt,
Sen. Ira, 3, 6, 5; Plin. 10, 53, 74, § 149; 11, 21, 24, § 72; Gell. 6 (7), 8, 6:contra quam licet,
id. 1, 3, 19; Sil. 15, 107.—Of moral opposition of acts contrary to rules and principles (cf. II. 3. g infra); so always with quam:II.mater Aviti, generi sui, contra quam fas erat, amore capta,
contrary to the divine law, Cic. Clu. 5, 12:ut senatus, contra quam ipse censuisset, ad vestitum rediret,
contrary to its own resolution, id. Pis. 8, 18:contra quam ista causa postulasset,
id. Caecin. 24, 67:contra quam sanctum legibus est,
Liv. 30, 19, 9; Cic. Leg. 2, 5, 11; id. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 1, § 2; id. Dom. 46, 122:contraque faciunt quam polliceri videntur,
Auct. Her. 4, 3, 6; Cic. de Or. 2, 20, 86.Prep. with acc., before, against, facing, towards, opposite to, contrary to (acc. to many scholars not ante-class.; cf. Hand, Turs. II. p. 108; but found Plaut. Ps. 1, 2, 24 Fleck., a line omitted by Lorenz as a gloss; id. Pers. 1, 1, 13 Ritschl; Att. ap. Non. p. 469, 15, or Trag. Rel. v. 476 Rib.; cf. also Plaut. Poen. 5, 6, 18; Cato, R. R. 18, 1, and v. I. A. 1. a. b, and I. A. 1. b. a supra).A.Local uses.1.Opposite, over against, facing.a.Of countries and places (mostly of those separated by water;b.adversus and e regione mostly of places opposite by land): insulae natura triquetra, cujus unum latus est contra Galliam,
Caes. B. G. 5, 13; 3, 9; 4, 20:ad insulam quae est contra Massiliam,
id. B. C. 1, 56; 3, 23:Rhodios, pacatis contra insulam suam terris, etc.,
Liv. 37, 15, 7; 3, 26, 8:Carthago Italiam contra,
Verg. A. 1, 13; 5, 124; Ov. M. 14, 17:insulae quae contra Tauri promuntorium inopportune navigantibus objacent, Chelidoniae nominantur,
Mel. 2, 7; Plin. 3, 26, 30, § 151; 6, 28, 32, § 152; 5, 7, 7, § 41; Tac. A. 3, 1; id. H. 2, 17.—Of the heavenly bodies:c.donique (luna) eum (sc. solem) contra pleno bene lumine fulsit,
Lucr. 5, 708:contra Volucris rostrum posita est Lyra,
Vitr. 9, 4, 5; Sen. Q. N. 1, 5, 9; 1, 8, 3; Plin. 2, 31, 31, § 99; 5, 10, 10, § 56.—So, tertium (latus Britanniae) est contra septem triones, opposite ( facing); hence, contra meridiem and contra ortus (instead of ad or adversus meridiem, etc.), facing the south and east, Plin. 6, 24, 24, § 85; 17, 2, 2, § 22. —So of a person standing in the sunlight:cum minima umbra (i. e. a sole) contra medium fiet hominem,
Plin. 18, 33, 76, § 327; cf.:contra mediam faciem meridies erit,
id. 18, 33, 76, § 326.—Of opposite ends of a line.(α).Of the diameter of the earth: esse e regione nobis e contraria parte terrae qui adversis vestigiis stent contra nostra vestigia, quos antipodas vocatis, Cic. Ac. 2, 39, 123.—(β).Of a line drawn:d.contra autem E littera I erit ubi secat circinationem linea,
opposite the point E will be the letter I, Vitr. 9, 7, 4.—Of buildings, etc.:e.contra hoc aviarium est aliud minus in quo quae mortuae sunt aves curator servare solet,
Varr. R. R. 3, 5, 5; Vitr. 5, 6, 3; 3, 5, 15:(statuam) quae fuerit contra Jovis Statoris aedem in vestibulo Superbi domus,
Plin. 34, 6, 13, § 29:contra medium fere porticum diaeta paulum recedit,
Plin. Ep. 5, 6, 20; 2, 17, 5; Suet. Aug. 44.—Of places on the human body:2.id quod contra stomachum est,
Cels. 4, 5 (4, 12 med.); 7, 7;4, 20 (13).—Of the direction of the intestines, etc.: ea... contra medium alvum orsa,
Cels. 4, 1 fin. —Of actions, opposite, towards, against, facing (syn.:a.adversus, ad, e regione,
Caes. B. G. 7, 61).In gen.:b.quamvis subito... quamque Rem contra speculum ponas, apparet imago,
Lucr. 4, 156: Democritus... clipeum constituit contra exortum Hyperionis, Laber. ap. Gell. 10, 17, 4:et contra magnum potes hos (i.e. oculos) attollere solem, Nec tremis...?
Prop. 1, 15, 37; Col. 7, 3, 8:rex constiterat contra pedites,
Curt. 10, 9, 13; 9, 5, 1:ne contra septentrionem paveris,
Plin. 18, 33, 76, § 330; 28, 6, 19, § 69:contra solem varie refulgens,
placed in the sun, id. 37, 10, 63, § 173; 10, 54, 75, § 151; 37, 6, 22, § 83;37, 7, 25, § 95: cum terrestres volucres contra aquam clangores dabunt,
id. 18, 35, 87, § 363; 19, 8, 39, § 131.—Dependent on verbs of motion (very rare without the idea of hostility):c.(Dinocrates) incessit contra tribunal regis jus dicentis,
towards, Vitr. 2, praef. 1.—So trop., of actions done for a purpose:lege Cornelia de sicariis tenetur qui, cum in magistratu esset, eorum quid fecerit contra hominis necem quod legibus permissum non sit,
Dig. 48, 8, 4.—Appositively, with the predicate: (elephanti) tanta narratur clementia contra minus validos, ut, etc., if fronting weaker animals, if brought in contact with them (not to be connected with clementia), Plin. 8, 7, 7, § 23.—Similarly: dum... fidens non est contra feram, if fronting the animal (not dependent on fidens), Plin. 8, 16, 21, § 57.—d.Against an opposing action, etc.:e.contra vim atque impetum fluminis conversa,
Caes. B. G. 4, 17, 5:cum plateae contra directos ventos erunt conformatae,
Vitr. 1, 6, 8:ut contra ventum gregem pascamus,
Col. 7, 3, 12; Sen. Q. N. 2, 31, 2; Plin. 29, 3, 12, § 52; 17, 2, 2, § 21; 8, 16, 21, § 54:contra fluminum impetus aggeribus,
id. 35, 14, 48, § 169:capite in sole contra pilum peruncto,
id. 27, 4, 5, § 17; 18, 35, 88, § 364; Varr. ap. Plin. 7, 20, 19, § 83; Sil. 14, 352; Dig. 9, 2, 29, § 4. [p. 455] — Trop.:contra fortunam tenendus est cursus,
Sen. Prov. 5, 9.—Prov.:contra stimulum calces,
kick against the pricks, Isid. Orig. 1, 36, 28 (al. calcitres); cf. Amm. 18, 5, 1.—Of local actions with hostile intent.(α).Lit.:(β).quae vis Coclitem contra omnes hostium copias tenuit?
Cic. Par. 1, 2, 12:Pompeium Cartejae receptum scribis: jam igitur contra hunc exercitum (sc. constitit),
id. Att. 15, 20, 3:pertimescam, credo, ne mihi non liceat contra vos in contione consistere,
to face you, id. Agr. 1, 8, 25; Lepidus ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 34, 1; Caes. B. C. 1, 26:a fronte contra hostem pedum quindecim fossam fieri jussit,
id. ib. 1, 41; 1, 42; id. B. G. 7, 62:Tullus adversus Veientem hostem derigit suos: Albanos contra legionem Fidenatium collocat,
Liv. 1, 27, 5; 24, 41, 5; 38, 4, 5; Verg. A. 12, 279; Front. Strat. 2, 2, 13; 2, 3, 17.—Appositively, with a local verb understood:terribilis haec contra fugientes belua est, fugax contra insequentes,
i. e. if fronting, if placed opposite, Plin. 8, 25, 38, § 92.—Trop.:f.castra sunt in Italia contra populum Romanum in Etruriae faucibus collocata,
Cic. Cat. 1, 2, 5; id. Mil. 1, 2; Quint. 7, 7, 5:tum contra hanc Romam illa altera Roma quaeretur,
will be as a rival against this Rome, Cic. Agr. 2, 22, 86:cui rationi contra homines barbaros atque imperitos locus fuisset, hac ne ipsum quidem sperare, etc.,
Caes. B. G. 1, 40:(Cicero) plerumque contra inimicos atque obtrectatores plus vindicat sibi,
when fronting adversaries, Quint. 11, 1, 23.—In partic.(α).Stare contra aliquem (opp. stare ab aliquo); usu. implying hostility; mostly trop., to stand against, to be arrayed against, to face, oppose:(β).quod contra hoc exemplum nulla staret eorum ratio,
Auct. Her. 4, 5, 7:contra populi studium,
Cic. Brut. 34, 126:contra civium perditorum... dementiam a senatu et a bonorum causa,
id. ib. 79, 273; so,a mendacio contra veritatem,
id. Inv. 1, 3, 4:contra cives in acie,
id. Att. 16, 11, 2:et adversi contra stetit ora juvenci,
opposite, Verg. A. 5, 477; 5, 414:haec enim (ratio) sola... stat contra fortunam,
Sen. Ep. 14, 4, 2: contra leonem etiam stetit, fronted, i. e. hunted, Spart. Carac. 5 fin. —Contra aliquem ire:3.aut saevos Libyae contra ire leones,
Stat. Th. 9, 16.— Trop.:uti contra injurias armati eatis,
Sall. J. 31, 6:interritus (sapiens) et contra illa (mala) ibit et inter illa,
Sen. Ep. 59, 8; cf.: contra venire, II. B. 1. c. b infra, and v. also II. B. 2. b. and II. B. 1. b. infra.—Transf.,a.To persons placed together for comparison:b.C. vero Caesar, si foro tantum vacasset, non alius ex nostris contra Ciceronem nominaretur,
Quint. 10, 1, 114:CORONATO CONTRA OMNES SCAENICOS,
Inscr. Grut. p. 331, n. 4.—To things compared, as if weighed against each other as to their value, strength, etc.(α).Lit. (very rare):(β).quamcunque vis rem expende, et contra aquam statue... Si gravior est, leviorem rem... feret, etc.,
Sen. Q. N. 3, 25, 5.—Prop.:c.cujus (i. e. generis humani) causa videtur cuncta alia genuisse natura, magna saeva mercede contra tanta sua munera,
Plin. 7, 1, 1, § 1:qui amicus esse coepit quia expedit, placebit ei aliquod pretium contra amicitiam,
Sen. Ep. 9, 9:numquam ulli fortiores cives fuerunt quam qui ausi sunt eum contra tantas opes ejus... condemnare,
Cic. Fam. 7, 2, 3:tantum studium bonorum in me exstitisse, contra incredibilem contentionem clarissimi et potentissimi viri,
id. ib. 7, 2, 2; Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 9, 3:nomen prorogans nostrum et memoriam extendens contra brevitatem aevi,
as a compensation for, Plin. 2, 63, 63, § 154.—So esp., valere contra, to weigh against, counterbalance, avail or prevail against: non vereor ne meae vitae modestia parum valitura sit contra falsos rumores, Matius ap. Cic. Fam. 11, 28, 8:(illa facta) pro periculo potius quam contra salutem valere debere,
Cic. Part. Or. 35, 120; id. Off. 3, 29, 104:contrane lucrum nil valere Pauperis ingenium?
Hor. Epod. 11, 11; Sen. Ben. 4, 15, 1; id. Cons. Helv. 5, 5; so,robur habere contra: si contra unamquamlibet partem fortunae satis tibi roboris est,
id. ib. 13, 2;so of counterchecks: in Creta decem qui cosmoe vocantur, ut contra consulare imperium tribuni plebis, sic illi contra vim regiam constituti,
Cic. Rep. 2, 33, 58.—Of antidotes: cimicum natura contra serpentium morsus valere dicitur, item contra venena omnia, Plin. 29, 4, 17, § 61.—Hence,Colloq., aliquid contra aurum est, something is worth gold, is superb, both predicatively and attributively (cf.: auro contra, I. A. 2. supra): hujusce pomaria in summa Sacra Via ubi poma veneunt, contra aurum imago, a spectacle for gold, i. e. a magnificent sight, Varr. R. R. 1, 2, 10 MSS. (al. aliter):d.numcubi hic vides citrum... num quod emblema aut lithostratum? quae illic omnia contra aurum,
superb, id. ib. 3, 2, 4 MSS. (Schneid. omits aurum, ex conj.):oneravi vinum, et tunc erat contra aurum,
Petr. 7, 6.—Transf., of replies, with aiebat, inquit, etc.; both in friendly and inimical sense; esp., contra ea, contra haec, = the adv. contra:B.contra ea Titurius sero facturos clamitabat, etc.,
Caes. B. G. 5, 29:contra ea Verginius unum Ap. Claudium et legum expertem et, etc., aiebat,
Liv. 3, 57, 1; 24, 45, 4:quae contra breviter fata est vates,
Verg. A. 6, 398:contra quod disertus Tu impie fecisti inquit, etc.,
Quint. 7, 1, 53 (cf.: contra ea, II. E. 1. infra).Denoting hostility or disadvantage.1.With verbs of hostile action.a.Of physical exertion:b.pugnavere et tertio consulatu ejus viginti (elephanti) contra pedites quingentos,
Plin. 8, 7, 7, § 22:proelium Afri contra Aegyptios primi fecere fustibus,
id. 7, 56, 57, § 200; 8, 40, 61, § 142. —Referring to warfare (usu. adversus), bellum gerere (rarely for cum or adversus; but contra patriam, contra aras, etc., not cum patria, etc.; cf.c.bellum, II. A. 1. e.): a quo prohibitos esse vos contra Caesarem gerere bellum (opp. pro),
Cic. Lig. 8, 25; id. Phil. 5, 10, 27; Liv. Ep. 129.—With bellum suscipere:contra Antonium,
Cic. Phil. 8, 2, 5; so,contra patriam,
id. Sull. 20, 58:pugnare contra patriam,
id. ib. 25, 70:contra conjuges et liberos,
Sen. Ben. 5, 15, 5:armatum esse contra populum Romanum,
Cic. Prov. Cons. 13, 32.—With arma ferre (freq.), Cic. Phil. 2, 29, 72; 13, 21, 47; Liv. 28, 28, 15; Nep. Att. 4, 2; Tib. 1, 6, 30; Ov. M. 4, 609; 13, 269; id. P. 1, 1, 26.—With arma sumere or capere, Cic. Rab. Perd. 6, 19; id. Phil. 4, 1, 2; 4, 3, 7:armis contendere contra,
Caes. B. G. 2, 13:arma alicui dare (trop.),
Cic. Phil. 2, 21, 53:aciem instruere (trop.),
Liv. 25, 4, 4:exercitum comparare,
Cic. Phil. 3, 6, 14; 4, 1, 2:exercitum instruere,
id. Cat. 2, 11, 24:exercitum ducere and adducere,
id. Phil. 4, 2, 5; 3, 4, 11:exercitum contra Philippum mittere,
id. Inv. 1, 12, 17:naves ducere contra,
Hor. Epod. 4, 19:ducere contra hostes,
Liv. 1, 27, 4:florem Italiae educere contra,
Cic. Cat. 2, 11, 24:proficisci contra,
to march against, Liv. 1, 11, 3; 8, 2, 5:auxilium ferre Rutulis contra Latinos,
Plin. 14, 12, 14, § 88:juvare aliquem contra,
Caes. B. C. 1, 35:consilium inire contra Sequanos,
to take hostile measures against, id. B. G. 6, 12.—Of legal contention (more freq. adversus, except with verbs of saying).(α).In gen., with agere or causam agere, to act as counsel against a party or his attorney:(β).cum agerem contra hominem disertissimum nostrae civitatis,
Cic. Caecin. 33, 97; id. Brut. 63, 226; Sen. Ben. 4, 15, 3; Quint. 11, 1, 59.—Causam recipere or suscipere contra, to accept a retainer against:(causam) quam receperam contra pueros Octavios,
Cic. Att. 13, 49, 1; Quint. 6, 1, 12; Plin. Ep. 4, 17, 1.—Adesse alicui contra, to appear, act as one's counsel against:rogavit me Caecilius ut adessem contra Satrium,
Cic. Att. 1, 1, 3; Plin. Ep. 1, 7, 5 al.; cf.:esse contra,
id. ib. 1, 18, 3.— Trop.: conquesturus venit;at contra se adfuit et satisfacienti satisfecit,
Sen. Fragm. Amic. 14, 1, 89:causam defendere contra,
against the accuser, Cic. de Or. 1, 39, 178:statuere contra aliquem (sc. causam),
to establish a case against an adversary, id. Or. 10, 34:actio competit contra,
Dig. 49, 14, 41:querelam instituere contra,
ib. 5, 2, 21, § 1:bonorum possessionem petere contra,
ib. 5, 2, 23:jus obtinere contra,
Cic. Quint. 9, 34:pugnare contra,
to struggle against the accuser, id. Sull. 17, 49; id. Verr. 1, 11, 33:id quod mihi contra illos datum est,
i. e. a local advantage over, id. Tull. 14, 33:judicare contra aliquem,
id. Fl. 20, 48; Dig. 21, 2, 55; 5, 2, 14; Just. Inst. 4, 17, 2:pronuntiare contra,
Paul. Sent. 5, 34, 2: dare sententiam contra, Dig. 21, 2, 56, § 1:decernere contra,
Cic. Fl. 31, 76:appellare contra aliquem,
Dig. 49, 1, 3; 49, 5, 6; cf.:contra sententiam,
Cod. Just. 7, 62, 32, § 2.—Sentire contra aliquem, to have an opinion unfavorable to:cur vos (cum) aliquid contra me sentire dicatis, etc.,
Cic. Caecin. 27, 79.—Venire contra aliquem, to appear as counsel for one's adversary:(γ).quid tu, Saturi, qui contra hunc venis, existimas aliter?
Cic. Rosc. Com. 6, 18; id. Mur. 4, 9; id. Phil. 8, 6, 18.—Venire contra rem alicujus, to give advice damaging one's interests:contra rem suam me venisse questus est,
Cic. Phil. 2, 2, 3.—With dicere and other verbs of saying. (aa) Of a lawyer pleading against a lawyer:d.ipse ille Mucius, quid in illa causa cum contra te diceret, attulit quod? etc.,
Cic. de Or. 1, 57, 244:cum ille contra me pro Sex. Naevio diceret,
id. Brut. 60, 2, 7; id. de Or. 2, 7, 30; id. Rosc. Am. 15, 45; id. Div. in Caecil. 14, 44; id. Planc. 2, 5; id. Brut. 26, 102; so,causam dicere,
id. Or. 2, 23, 98:causam perorare,
id. Quint. 24, 77.—(bb) Of a lawyer's pleading against the parties: dic mihi, M. Pinari, num si contra te dixero mihi male dicturus es? Servil. ap. Cic. de Or. 2, 65, 261; 3, 34, 138; 1, 14, 60; id. Or. 35, 123; Quint. 11, 1, 57; cf. with ellipsis of acc.:quorum alter pro Aufldia, contra dixit alter,
id. 10, 1, 22.—(ng) Of a party against a lawyer:si Gaditani contra me dicerent,
if the Gaditani were my adversaries, Cic. Balb. 17, 38.—(dd) Of witnesses and experts, and the pleadings against them:si decressent legationem quae contra istum diceret,
Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 4, § 12: contra testes dicere (opp. a testibus or pro testibus). Auct. Her. 2, 6, 9; Cic. de Or. 2, 27, 118 (cf.:testimonium in aliquem dicere,
id. Sull. 17, 48; Quint. 7, 4, 36):contra juris consultos dicere,
against their legal opinions, Cic. Caecin. 24, 69.—So of witnesses in scientific questions:contra testes dicendum est,
Sen. Q. N. 7, 16, 1.—(ee) Dicere or contendere aliquid contra aliquem, to maintain a point against:cum interrogamus adversarios... quid contra nos dici possit,
Auct. Her. 4, 23, 33:tamenne vereris ut possis hoc contra Hortensium contendere?
Cic. Quint. 25, 78. —Of literary adversaries, mostly with verbs of saying and writing:e.cum scriberem contra Epicurios,
Cic. Att. 13, 38, 1:contra Epicurum satis superque dictum est,
id. N. D. 2, 1, 2:contra Brutum,
id. Tusc. 5, 8, 21:contra Academiam,
id. Ac. 2, 19, 63; id. Fin. 1, 1, 2; 5, 8, 22; id. Tusc. 5, 11, 32; 5, 30, 84; id. Ac. 2, 4, 17:contra autem omnia disputatur a nostris,
id. Off. 2, 2, 8.—Of public and political adversaries (syn. adversus and in).(α).In gen.:(β).sentire contra,
Cic. Mil. 2, 5:pugnare contra bonos,
id. Sull. 25, 71:contra eos summa ope nitebatur nobilitas,
Sall. C. 38, 2; Cic. Sest. 19, 42; 52, 112:(tribuni) qui aut contra consulem, aut pro studio ejus pugnabant,
Liv. 39, 32, 12.—Of political speaking:f.cum (Cato) eo ipso anno contra Serv. Galbam ad populum summa contentione dixisset,
Cic. Brut. 20, 80; so id. Imp. Pomp. 17, 53; Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 9, 1.—Of hostile or criminal acts in gen. (syn.:2.adversus, in): inire consilia contra,
Cic. Rosc. Am. 38, 110; id. Cat. 1, 7, 18:manum comparare contra aliquem,
id. Sull. 24, 68:conjurationem facere,
id. ib. 4, 12:congredi,
id. Lig. 3, 9; Sall. J. 64, 4:aliquid contra imperatorem moliri,
Just. Inst. 4, 18, 3:nec dolor armasset contra sua viscera matrem,
against her own offspring Ov. R. Am. 59.—Facere contra (more freq. with abstr. objects; cf. II. C. 1. f. b infra): nunc te contra Caesarem facere summae stultitiae est, to take parts against, Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 16, 2:eae (res) contra nos ambae faciunt,
operate against us, id. Quint. 1, 1.—With verbs of saying, etc.:homo disertus non intellegit, eum quem contra dicit laudari a se?
Cic. Phil. 2, 8, 18; 2, 1, 2; 2, 21, 51; Sen. Ep. 15, 3, 70:epigramma quod contra quamdam Gelliam scripsit,
Lampr. Alex. Sev. 38:disputare contra deos, in two signif.: contra deum licet disputare liberius,
to accuse, reproach a god, Cic. N. D. 3, 31, 76; but: mala et impia consuetudo est contra deos disputandi, to reason against the gods, i. e. against their existence, id. ib. 2, 67, 168.—Predicatively, with esse (videri, etc.), against, injurious to, unfavorable, prejudicial, to one's disadvantage: ut [p. 456] ex senatusconsulto neque cujus intersit, neque contra quem sit intellegi possit, Cic. Mur. 32, 68; id. de Or. 3, 20, 75; 2, 74, 299; 2, 81, 330; id. Sull. 13, 39; Sen. Ben. 6, 31, 6:3.licentiam malis dare certe contra bonos est,
injurious to, Quint. 4, 2, 75:res contra nos est, of unfavorable chances in a lawsuit,
id. 4, 66, 1; 4, 2, 75; 5, 13, 32.—Often, contra aliquem = quod est contra aliquem, referring to indef. pronouns or adjectives:nihil contra me fecit odio mei = nihil quod esset contra me,
Cic. Har. Resp. 3, 5; id. Off. 3, 31, 112:quibus (temporibus) aliquid contra Caesarem Pompeio suaserim,
id. Phil. 2, 10, 24.—Added adverb. to the predicate, mostly referring to purpose, with hostile intent, for the purpose of some hostile act, in order to oppose, in opposition:4.Caesarine eam (provinciam) tradituri fuistis, an contra Caesarem retenturi?
or keep it against Caesar, Cic. Lig. 7, 23:sero enim resistimus ei quem per annos decem aluimus contra nos,
id. Att. 7, 5, 5:judicium illud pecunia esse temptatum non pro Cluentio, sed contra Cluentium,
id. Clu. 4, 9; id. Imp. Pomp. 17, 52; id. Ac. 2, 28, 92:cum quae facitis ejusmodi sint ut ea contra vosmet ipsos facere videamini,
id. Rosc. Am. 36, 104; Sen. Ep. 3, 7, 3: Curio se contra eum totum parat, i. e. to speak against him, Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 8, 10; Caes. B. C. 1, 85 ter; Sen. Q. N. 1, 7, 1; Plin. 16, 39, 74, § 192; Plin. Pan. 41.—So with the force of a temporal clause:fidem meam quam essent contra Massam Baebium experti,
in the suit against, Plin. Ep. 3, 4, 4.—Dependent on adjectives (rare):5.contra se ipse misericors,
to his own injury, Phaedr. 4, 18, 3:severissimus judex contra fures,
Lampr. Alex. Sev. 28.—With nouns.a.Acc. to 1. b.:b.ut quam maximae contra Hannibalem copiae sint,
Cic. Inv. 1, 12, 17; cf. Vell. 2, 76, 3.—Acc. to 1. c. and 1. e.; so esp., oratio contra (cf.: oratio in).(α).Oratio contra (never in), of an address against the counsel of a party or against the prosecutor:(β).quid in omni oratione Crassus vel apud centumviros contra Scaevolam, vel contra accusatorem Brutum, cum pro Cn. Plancio diceret?
Cic. de Or. 2, 54, 220; cf.:Cato pro se contra Cassium = in oratione contra,
Gell. 10, 15, 3; so,haec perpetua defensio contra Scaevolam,
Cic. de Or. 2, 54, 221:orationem illam egregiam quam (Aeschines) in Ctesiphontem contra Demosthenem dixerat,
id. ib. 3, 56, 213.—Of an address against the party, either in judicial or political affairs:c.unam orationem contra Gracchum reliquit,
Cic. Brut. 26, 99:(Demosthenis) oratio contra Leptinem... contra Aeschinem falsae legationis,
id. Or. 31, 111; Gell. 10, 24, 10; 10, 18, 91; Cic. Brut. 46, 169; Quint. 12, 10, 61; Cic. de Or. 2, 11, 45; id. Brut. 44, 164; Gell. 13, 25 (24), 15; cf. Quint. 4, 3, 13; 11, 2, 25.—Acc. to 1. f.:C.contra patres concitatio et seditio,
Cic. Brut. 14, 56.—Of animals:contra volpium genus communibus inimicitiis,
Plin. 10, 76, 96, § 207.With inanimate and abstract objects.1.Directly dependent on verbs (cf. B. 1.).a.Of physical or moral exertion:b.cum fulmina contra Tot paribus streperet clipeis,
Verg. A. 10, 567:pugnandum tamquam contra morbum, sic contra senectutem,
Cic. Sen. 11, 35:contra verum niti,
Sall. J. 35, 8:contra fortunam luctari,
Sen. Ben. 7, 15, 2; id. Brev. Vit. 10, 1; id. Ep. 78, 15; 99, 32; cf. Cic. Off. 1, 31, 110.—Of warfare (lit. and trop.):c.bellum contra aras, focos, vitam fortunasque gerere,
Cic. Phil. 3, 1, 1:bellum gerimus... contra arma verbis,
id. Fam. 12, 22, 1.—So of logical contradictions:artificis autem est invenire in actione adversarii quae semet ipsa pugnent,
Quint. 5, 13, 30.—Of legal contention.(α).Of the actions of the counsel or prosecutor: dicere, or perorare, agere contra aliquid, to plead against, contest something:(β).contra argumenta, rumores, tabulas, quaestiones (opp. ab argumentis, etc.),
Auct. Her. 2, 6, 9 sqq.; Cic. de Or. 2, 27, 118:contra ratiocinationem,
id. Inv. 2, 50, 153: contra scriptum dicere, to contest, controvert a written law or a document, id. ib. 2, 47, 138; 2, 48, 143; id. Brut. 39, 145; Quint. 7, 7, 1:contra caput dicere,
to plead against life, Cic. Quint. 13, 44 (cf.:servum in caput domini interrogare,
Paul. Sent. 1, 1, 34; 5, 16, 5 and 8; 5, 46, 3): contra libertatem agere, Dig. 40, 12, 26.—Pregn.:contra rerum naturam, contraque consuetudinem hominum dicere (opp. contra nos dicere),
Cic. Rosc. Am. 15, 45.—Of judicial decisions contradicting documents, etc.:(γ).contra tabulas judicare,
Cic. de Or. 2, 70, 281:contra testamentum,
Dig. 2, 17, § 1:contra sententiam dicere,
ib. 49, 8, 1, § 2.—Admittere aliquem contra bona, to admit a petition for bonorum possessio (cf.:d.inmittere in bona),
Dig. 38, 2, 3, § 6.—Of antagonism in literary and ethical questions.(α).To contend that something is false:(β).dicere, disputare, disserere contra opinionem or sententiam,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 4, 8; 5, 19, 55; id. de Or. 3, 18, 67; id. Fin. 5, 4, 10; id. Ac. 2, 18, 60; Sen. Ira, 1, 3, 3; id. Ep. 87, 5; 102, 5 (cf.:in sententiam dicere,
in support of an opinion, Caes. B. G. 1, 45):contra sensus dicere,
Cic. Ac. 2, 31, 101:contra rhetoricen dicere,
Quint. 2, 17, 40.—Of criticism, hostility to principles, etc.:(γ).contra Iliadem et Odysseam scribere,
Vitr. 7, praef. 8:contra quorum disciplinam ingenium ejus exarserat,
Cic. Tusc. 5, 29, 83.—Ethically:e.contra voluptatem dicere,
that pleasure is a moral evil, Cic. Fin. 5, 8, 21:contra mortem loqui,
that death is no evil, Sen. Ep. 82, 7;in both senses: contra vitia, pericula, fortunam, ambitionem,
id. ib. 100, 10:contra fortunam gloriari,
that fortune has no power over him, Cic. Tusc. 5, 9, 26; Sen. Ep. 26, 5.—Of public and political acts and speeches:f.contra potentiam accusatorum dicere,
Cic. Brut. 44, 164:contra legem dicere or verba facere,
id. Imp. Pomp. 15, 53; Liv. 34, 8, 1:rogationem ferre contra coloniam ( = contra legem de colonia deducenda),
Cic. Clu. 51, 140; Auct. Her. 1, 17, 21; Plin. 8, 17, 24, § 64.—Of hostility, injury, wrongs, etc.(α).In gen.:(β).senatusconsulto quod contra dignitatem tuam fieret,
directed against, Cic. Fam. 12, 29, 2:contra rem publicam se commovere,
id. Cat. 1, 26; 1, 3, 7:incitari,
id. Sest. 47, 100:consilia inire,
id. Agr. 2, 3, 8:conjurationem facere,
Sall. C. 30, 6:contra salutem urbis incitari,
Cic. Cat. 3, 8, 20:cogitare aliquid contra salutem,
id. ib. 3, 9, 21: contra voluntatem or studium dicere, to oppose one's will in a speech:esse aliquem in civitate qui contra ejus (Chrysogoni) voluntatem dicere auderet,
id. Rosc. Am. 22, 60; id. Phil. 1, 11, 28; id. de Or. 3, 34, 138; id. Mur. 4, 10; Tac. H. 2, 91:ne quid contra aequitatem contendas, ne quid pro injuria,
do not array yourself against equity, Cic. Off. 2, 20, 71.— Trop.:quis non contra Marii arma, contra Suliae proscriptionem irascitur? ( = Mario propter arma, Sullae propter proscriptionem),
Sen. Ira, 2, 2, 3.—In partic.: facere contra aliquid (syn. adversus), to commit an offence against, to transgress, etc.:2.si quis ad Antonium profectus esset... senatus existimaturum eum contra rem publicam fecisse,
Cic. Phil. 8, 11, 33; id. Mil. 5, 13; 6, 14; id. Off. 3, 10, 43; 3, 25, 95; S. C. ap. Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 8, 6; Liv. 25, 4, 7; so,contra salutem rei publicae facere,
Cic. Dom. 38, 102:contra majestatem,
against the emperor, Dig. 48, 4, 5:contra leges,
Cic. Dom. 18, 48; id. Vatin. 7, 18; id. Fin. 2, 17, 55; id. Mur. 32, 67; id. de Or. 3, 19, 70; cf. id. Clu. 34, 92; id. Mur. 32, 68; id. Dom. 14, 38; id. Phil. 10, 6, 13; Gai Inst. 4, 121:contra edictum (praetoris),
Cic. Verr 2, 3, 10, § 25; Dig. 39, 1, 20, § 1:contra foedus,
Cic. Balb. 6, 16:contra jusjurandum ac fidem,
id. Off. 3, 10, 43; id. Lael. 3, 30, 74; id. Verr. 2, 3, 3, § 7; Prop. 3, 30, 44 (2, 32, 44).—And ironically:tune contra Caesaris nutum (sc. facies)?
Cic. Att. 14, 10, 1.—Rarely contra ea facere = contra facere, adverb. (cf. I. B. 8. and II. E. 1. b.):corpus in civitatem inferri non licet... et qui contra ea fecerit, extra ordinem punitur,
Paul. Sent. 1, 21, 2; 1, 21, 12.—Predicatively with esse (usu. impers.), in violation of, in conflict with, contrary to (cf. 3. g).(α).With esse expressed as the predicate:(β).hominem hominis incommodo suum augere commodum magis est contra naturam quam mors,
Cic. Off. 3, 5, 21; id. Fin. 3, 9, 31; id. N. D. 3, 13, 33; Sen. Ep. 5, 4; Plin. 7, 8, 6, § 45:contra leges or legem est,
Cic. Pis. 13, 30; id. Mur. 32, 67:contra officium est,
id. Off. 3, 10, 43; 1, 10, 32; 1, 6, 19; cf. id. Lael. 11, 39; id. Off. 3, 15, 63; Liv. 6, 40, 5; Sen. Q. N. 2, 37, 2; Gai Inst. 3, 157; Dig. 30, 1, 112, § 3; 16, 3, 1, § 7.—With ellipsis of object (naturam), Cic. Fin. 5, 29, 89; cf.:adeo res ista non habet ullam moram quae contra causas ignium sit,
unfavorable to the formation of fire, Sen. Q. N. 2, 26, 7.—With verbal predicate, referring to an indef. pron. or adj., with esse understood:(γ).scis hunc... nihil umquam contra rem tuam cogitasse ( = nihil quod contra rem tuam esset),
Cic. Rosc. Am. 50, 147; id. Mil. 5, 13:aliquid contra animum audiendi,
something against our liking, Sen. Const. 19, 2.—So mostly with facere:si quid Socrates aut Aristippus contra morem consuetudinemque fecerint,
Cic. Off. 1, 41, 148; id. Att. 3, 23, 2; 2, 22, 2; id. Off. 3, 15, 63; Sall. C. 15, 1; Dig. 8, 2, 11; 8, 2, 17; 35, 1, 79, § 2. —Contra officium, substantively, = id quod contra officium est:3.Sic inter recte factum atque peccatum, officium et contra officium, media locabat quaedam,
Cic. Ac. 1, 10, 37.—Adverbially with the predicate.(α).In order to oppose, in opposition to, with hostile intent (cf. B. 3.):(β).eidem illam proscriptionem capitis mei contra salutem rei publicae rogatam esse dicebant,
that the proposal of the law was an attack on the republic, Cic. Prov. Cons. 19, 45; id. Rab. Perd. 12, 35; id. Phil. 10, 10, 22:imperator contra postulata Bocchi nuntios mittit,
to reply to the demands, Sall. J. 83, 3; 25, 6; so,advocare contra,
Sen. Cons. Polyb. 12, 4; id. Ep. 15, 2, 52:si contra mortem te praeparaveris,
to meet death, id. ib. 11, 3, 8.—With the force of a clause of manner, injuriously to, etc.:(γ).quibus contra valetudinis commodum laborandum est,
Cic. Mur. 23, 47; Suet. Aug. 78:contra hominis salutem,
with danger to a man's life, Cod. Just. 7, 62, 29.—In gen., of conflict with some rule or principle, contrary to, in violation of, without regard to ( = ita ut contra sit; cf. 2. supra; very freq. from the class. period;4.syn. adversus): ceperitne pecunias contra leges P. Decius,
Cic. de Or. 2, 31, 136; id. Verr. 2, 1, 4, § 10; id. Fl. 34, 86:pecuniam contra leges auferre,
id. Verr. 1, 18, 56; 2, 1, 10, § 27; 2, 5, 18, § 46; id. Har. Resp. 26, 56:contra legem,
id. Rab. Perd. 3, 8; id. Dom. 16, 41:contra jus fasque,
id. Har. Resp. 16, 34; id. Quint. 6, 28:contra jus,
Liv. 5, 4, 14; id. Dom. 13, 55; id. Verr. 2, 5, 13, § 34:contra jus gentium,
Liv. 4, 32, 5; 9, 10, 10; 21, 25, 7; 5, 36, 6;6, 1, 6: contra juris rigorem,
Dig. 40, 5, 24, § 10 et saep.:contra testimonium aliquid judicare,
without regard to, Cic. Brut. 31, 117:aliquid contra verecundiam disputare,
contrary to the rules of decency, id. Off. 1, 35, 128:aliquid contra fidem constituere,
Quint. 5, 13, 34:quae majores nostri contra lubidinem animi sui recte atque ordine fecere,
contrary to the dictates of passion, Sall. C. 51, 4; id. J. 33, 1; cf. of logical opposition, II. E. 2. infra.—Dependent on substt.a.Of physical strife:b.scit ille imparem sibi luctatum contra nexus (draconis),
Plin. 8, 12, 12, § 33. —Of warfare:c.imperatorum copia contra tuum furorem,
Cic. Mur. 39, 83:Parthorum gloria contra nomen Romanum,
Liv. 9, 18, 6: in castris perditorum contra patriam, Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 23, 6.—Of legal contention:d.causa contra scriptum,
Cic. Inv. 2, 46, 135.—Of political speaking:e.divina M. Tullii eloquentia contra leges agrarias,
Quint. 2, 16, 7; 9, 3, 50; Gell. 18, 7, 7.—Of literary opposition:f.Caesaris vituperatio contra laudationem meam,
Cic. Att. 12, 40, 1.—Of hostility, etc.:g.cujus factum, inceptum, conatumve contra patriam,
Cic. Cat. 2, 12, 27:ullum factum dictumve nostrum contra utilitatem vestram,
Liv. 6, 40, 5.—Of injury:h.vitae cupiditas contra rem publicam,
Cic. Planc. 37, 90: contra serpentes venenum, fatal to serpents, or as a defence against serpents, Plin. 7, 2, 2, § 15.—Of violation, disregard, etc. (cf. 3. g):5.iter contra senatus auctoritatem,
Cic. Phil. 2, 19, 48:contra consuetudinem somnium,
Plin. 10, 77, 98, § 211:bonorum possessio contra tabulas,
Dig. 37, 4, 3, § 13; Gai Inst. 3, 41.—Dependent on adjectives (very rare; cf.D.II. D. 2. c. infra): contraque patris impii regnum impotens, avum resolvam,
Sen. Herc. Fur. 966.Of defence, protection, and resistance (syn.: adversus, ab).1.Against persons.a.Dependent on verbs:b.cum populus Romanus suam auctoritatem vel contra omnes qui dissentiunt possit defendere,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 22, 63: si ego consul rem publicam [p. 457] contra te et gregales tuos defendissem, id. Sest. 52, 111; 22, 49; 8, 20; id. Fam. 11, 27, 7; id. Phil. 2, 18, 45:contra quem multum omnes boni providerunt,
provided a great defence, id. Mur. 38, 81: formula qua utitur patronus contra libertum qui eum in jus vocat, as a defence against, Gai Inst. 4, 46. —And of protection of plants against injurious animals:contra haec animalia proderit, si, etc.,
Pall. 10, 3, 2.—Dependent on adjectives, mostly participial:2.paratus contra,
Cic. Mil. 21, 56:nihil satis firmum contra Metellum,
Sall. J. 80, 1:contra potentes nemo est munitus satis,
Phaedr. 2, 6, 1.—Against inanimate and abstract things.a.Dependent on verbs:b.contra avium morsus munitur vallo aristarum,
Cic. Sen. 15, 51:propugnaculum, quo contra omnes meos impetus usurum se putat,
id. Verr. 2, 3, 16, § 40; 2, 5, 39, § 102:publicam causam contra vim armatam suscipere,
id. Dom. 34, 91; id. Quint. 30, 94; id. Leg. 3, 3, 9:contra tantas difficultates providere,
Sall. J. 90, 1; 76, 4; so,contra ea,
id. ib. 57, 5:patricii vi contra vim resistunt,
Liv. 3, 13, 4; Plin. 14, 2, 4, § 28; Tac. Agr. 45; Sen. Prov. 4, 12; id. Const. 5, 4.—Dependent on substt.:c.suffragia contra oppugnationem vestrae majestatis,
Cic. Rab. Perd. 12, 35:defensio contra vim,
id. Mil. 5, 14:patronus justitiae fuit contra orationem Phili,
id. Lael. 7, 25; Plin. 29, 2, 9, § 30; 14, 3, 4, § 40:contra labores patientia,
id. 23, 1, 22, § 37.—Dependent on adjectives (in Cic. freq. with P. a. predicatively used; otherwise very rare;3.in later prose freq.): nec est quidquam Cilicia contra Syriam munitius,
against an attack from the side of Syria, Cic. Fam. 14, 4, 4:ut nullius res tuta, nullius domus clausa, nullius vita saepta, nullius pudicitia munita contra tuam cupiditatem posset esse,
id. Verr. 2, 5, 15, § 39; id. Fin. 1, 16, 51; id. Mil. 25, 67; id. Tusc. 5, 8, 19; 5, 27, 76:vir contra audaciam firmissimus,
id. Rosc. Am. 30, 85; Sall. J. 33, 2; 28, 5:fortis contra dolorem,
Sen. Ep. 98, 18; Quint. 12, 1, 10:callosus,
Plin. 11, 37, 54, § 147; 14, 2, 4, § 23:far contra hiemes firmissimum,
id. 18, 8, 19, § 83:equus tenax contra vincula,
Ov. Am. 3, 4, 13:contraque minantia fata pervigil,
Claud. I. Cons. Stil. 1, 284.—Of remedies against sickness and its causes, poison, etc.; so only in Plin.; in Pall. only of preventives and of protection against hurtful animals, and against mental perturbations in gen.; cf. infra (syn. ad in Cat., Cic., Cels., Col.; adversus only in Celsus, who also has in with abl.).(α).Dependent on verbs:(β).cujus et vinum et uva contra serpentium ictus medetur,
Plin. 14, 18, 22, § 117; 7, 2, 2, § 13:prodest et contra suspiria et tussim,
id. 20, 13, 50, § 128:valet potum contra venena,
id. 28, 7, 21, § 74; 29, 4, 22, § 71; 29, 4, 26, § 81; 28, 8, 27, § 98; 16, 37, 71, § 180; 35, 6, 14, § 34; 28, 6, 18, §§ 65-67.—Dependent on substt.:(γ).remedium contra morsus,
Plin. 8, 32, 50, § 118; 10, 59, 79, § 163:contra venena esse omnia remedio,
id. 16, 44, 95, § 251; 17, 24, 37, § 240; 7, 1, 1, § 4.—Dependent on adjectives:(δ).vinum quod salutare contra pestilentiam sit,
Pall. 11, 14, 17.—Appositively, as a remedy:E.cujus lacteum succum miris laudibus celebrat... contra serpentes et venena,
Plin. 5, 1, 1, § 16; 29, 4, 26, § 83. —So of remedies against affections:Tiberium tonante caelo coronari ea (lauro) solitum ferunt contra fulminum metus,
Plin. 15, 30, 40, § 135; cf. Sen. Ira, 2, 21, 1; id. Tranq. 5. 1.Of logical opposition.1.With a neuter demonstrative (contra ea, contra haec, contra quae, quod contra = contra, adv.).a.The contrary, the reverse (very rare; cf.b.I. D. 1.): sed mihi contra ea videtur,
but to me the contrary seems true, Sall. J. 85, 1:omnia quae contra haec sunt, omnia quae contra sunt,
and vice versa, Quint. 5, 10, 90. —Contra ea, on the contrary, in logical antithesis (not in Cic. and Sall.; once in Caes. and Quint.; several times in Liv. and Nep.; cf.: contra ea, in other uses, II. A. 2. e. a, II. D. 2. a., II. A. 3. d., II. C. 1. f.):c.omnes arderent cupiditate pugnandi... contra ea Caesar... spatiumque interponendum... putabat ( = at contra),
but Caesar on the contrary, Caes. B. C. 3, 74: superbe ab Samnitibus... legati prohibiti commercio sunt;contra ea benigne ab Siculorum tyrannis adjuti,
Liv. 4, 52, 6; 2, 60, 1; 21, 20, 6;44, 43, 5: pater... Thracem me genuit, contra ea mater Atheniensem,
Nep. Iphicr. 3, 4; id. praef. 6; id. Alcib. 8, 1.—And after a question, with immo (cf. I. E. 5. b.):an infirmissimi omnium... (sumus)? Immo contra ea vel viribus nostris, vel, etc., tuti (sumus),
Liv. 41, 24, 8.—Quod contra, by anastrophe (v. F. 1.), contrary to which, whereas, while on the contrary (only once in Lucr. and three times in Cic.):2.illud in his rebus vereor ne forte rearis, Inpia te rationis inire elementa viamque indugredi sceleris: quod contra saepius illa Religio peperit scelerosa atque impia facta,
whereas on the contrary, Lucr. 1, 81:cujus a me corpus crematum est, quod contra decuit ab illo meum (sc. cremari),
Cic. Sen. 23, 84:quod contra oportebat delicto dolere, correctione gaudere,
id. Lael. 24, 90 (B. and K. place a comma after oportebat; cf.Nauck ad loc.): reliquum est ut eum nemo judicio defenderit: quod contra copiosissime defensum esse contendi,
id. Quint. 28, 87 (many consider contra in all these passages as an adverb; cf. Hand, Turs. II. p. 121 sq.; some explain quod as an ancient ablative, = qua re;v. Ritschl,
Plaut. Exc. p. 57, Munro ad Lucr. 1, 82).—With an abstract noun, with the force of the adverb contra with ac or atque (I. F. 1.), contrary to, contrary to what, etc. (esp. in Sall., not in Cic.; cf. praeter): celeriter contraque omnium opinionem confecto itinere, contrary to the opinion ( = contra ac rati erant), Caes. B. G. 6, 30:F.contra opinionem Jugurthae ad Thalam perveniunt,
Sall. J. 75, 9; Hirt. B. G. 8, 40.—Contra spem either contrary to the opinion, or against the hope:Metellus contra spem suam laetissume excipitur ( = contra ac ratus, veritus est),
Sall. J. 88, 1; so,cetera contra spem salva invenit,
Liv. 9, 23, 17:contra spem omnium L. Furium optavit,
id. 6, 25, 5; Curt. 8, 4, 45;but: at Jugurtha contra spem nuntio accepto ( = contra ac speraverat),
Sall. J. 28, 1; Liv. 24, 45, 3:postquam... Jugurtha contra timorem animi praemia sceleris adeptum sese videt,
Sall. J. 20, 1:ipse in Numidiam procedit, ubi contra belli faciem tuguria plena hominumque... erant ( = contra ac in bello evenire solet),
id. ib. 46, 5:contra famam,
Plin. 13, 22, 43, § 126; 7, 53, 54, § 180:segniterque et contra industriam absconditae formicae,
slowly, and in a manner different from their usual activity, id. 18, 35, 88, § 364.—Of persons:frigidam potionem esse debere, contra priores auctores, Asclepiades confirmavit,
contrary to the opinion of the former physicians, Cels. 4, 26 (19).Sometimes by anastrophe after its noun.1.In prose, after relatives, esp. in Cic.:2.quos contra disputant,
Cic. Ac. 2, 15, 47:quem contra dicit,
id. Phil. 2, 8, 18 (v. II. B. 1. f.):quem contra veneris,
id. Mur. 4, 9:quas contra, praeter te, etc.,
id. Vatin. 7, 18:eos ipsos quos contra statuas,
id. Or. 10, 34:quos contra me senatus armavit,
id. Att. 10, 8, 8:quam contra multa locutus est,
Sen. Ep. 82, 7, Plin. Ep. 1, 23, 3; Claud. in Rufin. 1, 332; v. also E. 1. c. supra.—After other words ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose):hunc igitur contra mittam contendere causam,
Lucr. 4, 471:dicere eos contra,
id. 4, 484:donique eum contra,
id. 5, 708:agmina contra,
Verg. A. 12, 279:magnum Alciden contra,
id. ib. 5, 414:Paridem contra,
id. ib. 5, 370:Italiam contra,
id. ib. 1, 13:deos contra,
Ov. P. 1, 1, 26:Messania moenia contra,
id. M. 14, 17:litora Calabriae contra,
Tac. A. 3, 1. -
4 contra dicta
contrā, adv. and prep. [stem con, i. e. cum, through a comparative form conter; cf.: alter, uter, inter, praeter, etc.; in abl. fem. form like the locative adverbs ea, qua, etc.; cf.: ultra, intra, extra, citra], orig., in comparison with; hence, over against, fronting, in front, opposite, in opposition to, against, contrary to, opposed to, etc.I.Adv. (referring to an opposed object often with the force of a preposition with ellipsis of a pronoun, = against it, against him, etc.).A.Local.1.Lit., of position in front of a person, place, or thing.a.With verb of being or position expressed or understood.(α).Referring to living beings, opposite, in face of, face to face, facing, in front of, fronting, confronting (not in Cic., Caes., or Sall.):(β).feminam scelestam te, adstans contra, contuor,
Plaut. Pers. 2, 2, 26:ut confidenter mihi contra adstitit,
id. Capt. 3, 5, 6; Lucr. 4, 223; 6, 929:signum contra, quoad longissume oculi ferebant, animo finivit,
Liv. 1, 18, 8:stat contra starique jubet,
Juv. 3, 290:stat contra dicitque tibi tua pagina Fures!
Mart. 1, 55, 12:ulmus erat contra,
in front of her, Ov. M. 14, 661:templa vides contra,
in front (of us), id. ib. 7, 587.—Of position in front of the enemy:contra conserta manu,
Plaut. Mil. 1, 1, 3: contra consistere, to make front against them, Caes. B. G. 2, 17.—Referring to things and places, over against (it), opposite (to it), on the opposite side (mostly post-Aug.):b.contra jacet Cancer patulam distentus in alvum,
Manil. 2, 253:posita contra Hispania,
Tac. Agr. 11:promuntorium quod contra procedit,
Plin. 4, 2, 3, § 6: relinquendae autem contra erunt vacuae tabellae, on the opposite side, i. e. of the leaf, Quint. 10, 3, 32: illo quaerente cur non decidant contra siti, the antipodes (cf. Cic. Ac. 2, 39, 123; v. II. A. 1. c. a), Plin. 2, 65, 65, § 161.—With the governing verb understood:arguam hanc vidisse apud te contra conservum meum,
face to face, Plaut. Mil. 2, 2, 91:jam omnia contra circaque hostium plena erant, Liv 5, 37, 8: eadem verba contra (i. e. ponuntur),
side by side, Quint. 9, 3, 36; Verg. A. 6, 23.—With verbs of motion, so as to be opposite to an object or face to face with a person, variously rendered.(α).Referring to persons:(β).accede ad me atque adi contra,
come right up to me, Plaut. Rud. 1, 4, 23; id. Bacch. 3, 6, 6: hostes crebri cadunt; nostri contra ingruunt, advance to their front (in Plaut. hostility is not implied in contra), id. Am. 1, 1, 84: quis nos pater aut cognatu' volet contra tueri, face to face, eye to eye, Enn. ap. Varr. L. L. 7, § 12 Mull. (Trag. Rel. v. 444 Rib.); Att. ap. Macr. S. 6, 1, 55 (Trag. Rel. v. 538 ib.):adspicedum contra me = contra adspice me,
Plaut. Most. 5, 1, 56 Lorenz ad lec.:contra adspicere,
id. Mil. 2, 1, 45:contra intueri,
Liv. 1, 16, 6; 9, 6, 8; Sen. Q. N. 1, 3, 6:cum veniret contra Marcianus,
Quint. 6, 3, 95; Plin. 9, 46, 70, § 152.—Of things:2.hic ubi sol radiis... Adversa fulsit nimborum aspergine contra,
Lucr. 6, 525; Cels. 8, 8, 1:quam (turrim) promoti contra validi asseres... perfregere,
Tac. H. 4, 30.—Reciprocally: oscula non pervenientia contra, not coming through (the wall) so as to meet, Ov. M. 4, 80.—Transf. to equivalents of weight, value, and price; so,(α).In Plaut. only in the colloq. phrases auro contra, aurichalco contra, and contra auro (sc. posito); lit., for gold placed against; cf.:(β).aes contrarium, s. v. contrarius: (servus) non carus'st auro contra,
at his weight in gold, Plaut. Ep. 3, 3, 30: jam auro contra constat filius, id. Truc. 2, 6, 57 (Speng. aurichalco): auro contra cedo modestum amatorem! A me aurum accipe. Pa. Cedo mihi contra aurichalco quoi ego sano serviam, id. Curc. 1, 3, 45 sq.; id. Mil. 3, 1, 63; 4, 2, 85; id. Ps. 2, 3, 23.—In post-Aug. prose (very rare):3.at si aquae et ejus rei quam contra pensabis par pondus erit, nec pessum ibit, nec exstabit, etc.,
Sen. Q. N. 3, 25, 5.—Of reciprocal actions, = vicissim, in turn, in return, back, on my, his, etc., part, likewise, counter-.(α).In gen.:(β).te ut deludam contra, lusorem meum,
Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 71:quae me amat, quam ego contra amo,
id. Merc. 5. 2, 77; id. Cist. 1, 1, 96; id. Trin. 4, 2, 55; id. As. 2, 2, 110:qui arguat se, eum contra vincat jurejurando suo,
make a victorious counter-charge, id. Mil. 2, 2, 37:si laudabit haec Illius formam, tu hujus contra (i. e. lauda),
Ter. Eun. 3, 1, 54:audi nunc contra jam,
listen in turn, id. Phorm. 4, 4, 18; id. Ad. 5, 4, 23:at tu mihi contra nunc videre fortunatus, Phaedria, Cui, etc.,
you likewise seem fortunate to me, id. Phorm. 1, 3, 21:Mettius Tullo gratulatur, contra Tullus Mettium benigne alloquitur,
Liv. 1, 28, 1:contra ut me diligat illa,
Cat. 76. 23; Hor. S. 1, 3, 27 Orell. ad loc.—Hence, with ellipsis of inquit, = respondit:cui latrans contra senex,
Phaedr. 5, 10, 7:scietis, inquam, etc., contra Nigrinus: ad quem missi sunt? ego, etc.,
Plin. Ep. 7, 6, 4.—Rarely with inquit, etc., expressed: at ille contra, renidens, Audi, inquit, discipule, etc.,
Gell. 15, 9, 9; cf.:contra talia reddit,
Claud. B. Gild. 379.—With dat. pers.:(γ).consulo quem dolum doloso contra conservo parem,
Plaut. Mil. 2, 2, 45:facere contra huic aegre,
Ter. Eun. 4, 1, 10:hiscine contra insidiabere?
id. Hec. 1. 1, 13:tibi contra gratiam Referre,
id. ib. 4, 2, 7.—With item:(δ).item a me contra factum est,
Plaut. Aul. prol. 20:puellam senex Amat et item contra filius,
id. Cas. prol. 49; id. Pers. 5, 2, 36; id. Am. 1, 1, 67; Ter. Ad. 1, 1, 25.—Combining a reciprocal with a local relation (A. 1. a. a, and b. a): contra carinantes verba, exchanging abusive words ( face to face), Enn. ap. Serv. ad Verg. A. 8, 361 (Ann. v. 181 Vahl.): tubae utrimque contra canunt;(ε).Consonat terra,
Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 73; 1, 1, 86:confer gradum Contra pariter,
id. Ps. 2, 4, 18; id. Truc. 1, 2, 28:video amicam... Ubi contra adspexit me, etc.,
id. Mil. 2, 1, 45; Verg. E. 7, 8; cf. Lucr. 4, 243:vesper adest, juvenes consurgite!... Cernitis, innuptae, juvenes? consurgite contra!
Cat. 62, 6.—Implying also opposition: Pe. Conpellabo. Ph. Orationis aciem contra conferam, Plaut. Ep. 4, 1, 20:B.si scias quod donum huic dono contra comparet,
what counter gift, Ter. Eun. 2, 3, 63: quod Scipio postulavit... ut, etc. Et quod contra collega postulavit ne, etc., Annal. Trib. Pleb. ap. Gell. 7 (6), 19, 5:si vobis aequa et honesta postulatio videtur, ego contra brevem postulationem adfero,
Cic. Rosc. Am. 2, 7; Nep. Epam. 6, 1;Auct. B. Alex. 24: illo licente contra liceri audeat nemo,
to bid in opposition, Caes. B. G. 1, 18; Liv. 4, 53, 6:agedum pauca accipe contra,
Hor. S. 1, 4, 38.—So in battle:Numidae... Romanorum ordines conturbare... neque contra feriundi copia erat,
Sall. J. 50, 4; and in law: et ab eo is qui adoptat vindicat... et illo contra non vindicante, etc., Gai Inst. 1, 134; 2, 24.—Esp. in replies:oratio contra a Demosthene pro Ctesiphonte edita,
Cic. de Or. 3, 56, 213:dicit accusator haec: primum, etc.... quid contra reus?
id. Clu. 30, 81; id. Fin. 5, 22, 63; Curt. 4, 1, 10; 7, 9, 1.Of opposition, strife, etc., against; constr. absol., with dat., and ne, quominus or quin.1.Of physical exertion.(α).Lit.:(β).concurrunt... aetheriae nubes contra pugnantibu' ventis,
struggling against each other, Lucr. 6. 98:nec nos obniti contra... Sufficimus,
bear up, battle against, Verg. A. 5, 21; Ov. M. 9, 50; 2, 434:at ille contra nititur,
resists, Plin. 2, 38, 38, § 103; 7, 20, 19, § 82:pars remigum, tamquam imperitia... officia nautarum impediebant. Mox contra tendere,
rowed in an opposite direction, Tac. H. 4, 16.—Trop.:2.te rogo ne contrahas ac demittas animum, neque te obrui tamquam fluctu... sinas, contraque erigas ac resistas,
Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 1, § 4:et torrens judicem vel nitentem contra feret, cogatque ire qua rapiet,
Quint. 12, 10, 61.— With ne: vi contra niti, ne advorsus eum fiat, Cato ap. Gell. 7 (6), 3, 16.—With quominus, Lucr. 1, 780.—Of mental exertion:3.si tibi vera videntur, Dede manus, aut, si falsum est, accingere contra,
arm yourself against them, Lucr. 2, 1043; 2, 280. —With dat.:siti contra... pugnandum,
Cels. 4, 2 fin. —Of hostile opposition in gen.(α).Lit.:(β).quod animadversum est in eo qui contra omni ratione pugnarunt, non debeo reprehendere,
who made opposition in every way, Cic. Rosc. Am. 47, 137; id. Verr. 2, 2, 43, § 107:contra etiam aliquid abs te profectum ex multis audivi,
something inimical, id. Fam. 5, 5, 2.—Trop.:4.aut alio quovis (sc. colore) qui contra pugnet et obstet,
Lucr. 2, 794; 2, 868.—Of warfare.(α).Lit.:(β).ut eos adversarios existimemus qui arma contra ferant,
Cic. Off. 1, 25, 87; 1, 12, 37; Vell. 2, 28, 4; cf.:quid quod exercitum contra duxit?
Auct. Her. 4, 16, 23:ut si qua ex parte obviam contra veniretur, acie instructa depugnarent,
if they should be attacked by an open charge, Caes. B. G. 7, 28:issentque confestim ad urbem ni venire contra exercitum... audissent,
Liv. 7, 39, 17:cum Romanae legiones contra direxerint,
would oppose their march, Tac. H. 4, 58; id. A. 6, 44.—With dat.:et huic contra itum ad amnem Erinden,
Tac. A. 11, 10.—Trop.:5.quod ubi viderunt corvi, contra auxiliantur, velut adversus communem hostem,
Plin. 10, 74, 95, § 205.—Of legal contests.(α).With verbs of saying; v. 9. a.—(β).Venire contra, of any legal act with the intention to hurt the adversary:(γ).quid? si omnium mortalium Sthenio nemo inimicior quam hic C. Claudius... fuit? si de litteris corruptis contra venit, etc.?
if he made a charge of forgery against him? Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 43, § 107; cf. II. B. c. b.—On the part of the adversary:(δ).inveniendum contra est, quo distet haec causa a ceteris,
Quint. 5, 10, 114; 9, 2, 35; 12, 8, 10.—Of judgments against the parties or against opinions:6.ne spoliaret fama probatum hominem si contra judicasset,
given an adverse decision, Cic. Off. 3, 19, 77; cf. Val. Max. 7, 2, 4; Cic. Caecin. 24, 69.—Of literary opposition.(α).Mostly with verbs of saying; v. 9. a. g.—(β).With other verbs:7.astrologorum artem contra convincere tendit,
Lucr. 5, 728:contra nunc illud pone, etc.,
Sen. Ben. 7, 14, 6:habeat (liber meus) etiam quosdam qui contra sentiant et adversentur,
some dissentients and opponents, Quint. 3, 1, 5; 2, 17, 40; 3, 8, 69.—Of public and political opposition.(α).With verbs of saying; v. 9. a. d.—(β).With petere, to be a candidate for office in opposition to another:8.nihil enim supererat de quo certarent, nihil quod contra peterent,
no office was left for which to canvass against each other, Cic. Agr. 2, 33, 91:honores contra petere,
Quint. 6, 1, 17.—With ire, with dat., of an opposing vote in the senate (cf.:pedibus ire): sententia Cassii ut nemo unus contra ire ausus est, ita dissonae voces respondebant,
Tac. A. 14, 45.—Of violation of law, contracts, etc.: contra facere, or contra committere, to violate, transgress a law, etc.: leges esse non ex ejus qui contra commiserit utilitate, spectari oportere, not in the interest of the transgressor, Cic. Inv. 2, 48, 153:9.si quis sub hoc pacto vendiderit ancillam ne prostitueretur, et si contra factum esset,
and if the contract was violated, Dig. 18, 1, 56.—With verbs of saying, etc., contra dicere; less freq. disputare, disserere, pugnare, in the sense of dicere, and contra scribere (often contradico, in one word, in post-Aug. writers; esp. with dat.).a.Absol.(α).Contra dicere, to speak as counsel of the adversary, to plead his cause, in legal proceedings:(β).cum contra dicturus Hortensius esset,
would speak on the other side, Cic. Quint. 24, 77:hoc... contra dicente Cotta judicatum est,
id. Caecin. 33, 97:dixisse ut contra nemo videretur,
id. Brut. 53, 198: ut contra Crassus... exorsus est, began on the other side, id. ib. § 197.—Hence: qui contra dicit, the adversary or counsel of the adversary:contra autem qui dicet, similitudinem infirmare debebit,
Cic. Inv. 2, 50, 151; id. Part. Or. 21, 108.—In the same sense: agens contra: si nos... impares agentium contra ingeniis dixerimus, that we are unequal to the talents of our adversary's counsel, [p. 453] Quint. 4, 1, 8.—To make charges against (rare):(γ).si qui contra vellet dicere, usurum esse eum suo testimonio,
Cic. Clu. 48, 134:qua ratione nemo neque tum item fecerit, neque nunc contra dicat,
id. Quint. 29, 88; so,contra disputare, of objections to or against a witness: nihil contra disputabo priusquam dixerit,
id. Fl. 21, 51.—In gen., to speak on the other side of a question:(δ).fiebat autem ita, ut cum is qui audire vellet dixisset quid sibi videretur, tum ego contra dicerem,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 4, 8; id. Fin. 2, 1, 2; so,contra disputare and contra scribere,
id. Or. 1, 19, 85; Vitr. 3, 1, 6; Quint. 2, 17, 13; Dig. 9, 2, 21, § 1.—Hence: qui contra dicunt or disputant, the opponents:nec qui contra dicunt causam difficilem repellunt,
Cic. Fin. 3, 1, 2:ad coarguendos qui contra disputant,
to refule his opponents, Quint. 2, 15, 26.—To oppose or object to a proposition, motion, or petition:(ε). (ζ).quam palam principes dixerunt contra!
protested against it, Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 16, § 41; Caes. B. C. 1, 32; Cic. Clu. 47, 130.—With pugnare:cum decerneretur frequenti senatu, contra pugnante Pisone, etc.,
Cic. Att. 1, 14, 5:filius ejus incolumitatem optat: contradicit pater,
the father objects, Quint. 9, 2, 85; 9, 2, 83; Plin. ap. Gell. 9, 16, 5; Cic. Dom. 33, 87:contradicente nullo,
Suet. Caes. 20; Dig. 3, 3, 15.—Abl. absol. impers.:b.explorandum videtur an etiam contradicto aliquando judicio consuetudo firmata sit,
whether the custom has been confirmed by judgment upon a judicial contest, Dig. 1, 3, 34.—With acc. neutr. pron., to object, to make or raise an objection, to reply; esp. in legal proceedings:c.ego enim, te disputante, quid contra dicerem meditabar,
Cic. N. D. 3, 1, 1:ut contra si quid dicere velit non audiatur,
id. Fin. 5, 10, 27:aiebat illum primo sane diu multa contra (i. e. dixisse), ad extremum autem, etc.,
id. Att. 2, 22, 2.— Hence: quod contra dicitur, or quae contra dicuntur, the objections:ut et id quod intenderemus confirmare, et id quod contra diceretur refellere (possemus),
refute the objections, Cic. de Or. 1, 20, 90:quia neque reprehendi quae contra dicuntur possunt, etc.,
id. ib. 2, 81, 331; id. Inv. 2, 44, 127; Quint. 1, 2, 17.—In the same sense, as subst.: contrā dicta, orum, n. plur.:seu proposita confirmamus, sive contra dicta dissolvimus,
or refute the objections, Quint. 4, prooem. 6.—With acc. and inf.:dicitur contra, nullum esse testamentum,
the objection is made that there is no testament, Cic. Agr. 2, 6, 42.—With dat., written in one word (post-Aug.).(α).To oppose a person by speaking against his views:(β).solitum se etiam Thraseae contradicere,
to oppose even Thrasea, Tac. H. 2, 91:tibi,
Suet. Aug. 54:Curioni...,
id. Rhet. 1. —Hence of answers and replies in law: quid si filium testatoris heres ejus prohibuit? Huic contradici potest: ergo pietatis, etc., he may be answered by this plea, etc., Dig. 11, 7, 14, § 13.—And of advisory answers opposed to one's legal views:volenti mihi ream adulterii postulare eam, etc., contradictum est,
my views were disapproved, rejected, Dig. 48, 5, 11, § 10.—To oppose an opinion, with dat. of the thing:(γ).cum plures tantum sententiis aliorum contradicerent,
opposed the opinions, Tac. H. 1, 39.—To object to a motion or petition, with dat. of the petitioner:(δ).patrem qui damnavit optat ne is torqueatur: pater ei contradicit,
the father objects, Quint. 9, 2, 81:cum ambienti ut legibus solveretur multi contradicerent,
Suet. Caes. 18; Dig. 40, 5, 14; 40, 12, 33.—With dat. of the petition:(ε).preces erant, sed quibus contradici non posset,
which could not be denied, Tac. H. 4, 46 fin.; Dig. 3, 1, 1, § 2.—To contest the validity of a law (rare):(ζ).quibus (legibus) contradici potest,
Quint. 7, 7, 4.—To contradict an assertion (very rare):d.pro certis autem habemus... cuicunque adversarius non contradicit,
Quint. 5, 10, 13.—With quin, to object:C.praetor Samnitibus respondit... nec contra dici quin amicitia de integro reconcilietur,
there was no objection to a reconciliation, Liv. 8, 2, 2.To one's disadvantage; mostly predic. with esse, unfavorable, adverse, damaging (post-Aug.;D.but cf. II. B. 2.): ut eum qui responsurus est vel tacere, vel etiam invitum id quod sit contra cogat fateri,
Quint. 7, 3, 14:cum verba (legis) contra sint,
id. 7, 1, 49:sed experimentum contra fuit,
unsuccessful, Tac. H. 2, 97 fin.:ubi fortuna contra fuit,
id. ib. 3, 18:si fortuna contra daret,
should be unfavorable, id. ib. 1, 65 fin.; id. A. 15, 13.Of logical opposition, with negative force.1.Of a direct contrast.a.Predicatively, with esse, fieri, etc., the contrary, the opposite:b.quod fieri totum contra manifesta docet res,
but experience teaches that just the contrary is true, Lucr. 3, 686; 4, 1088:in stultitia contra est,
with fools the reverse is true, Cic. Clu. 31, 84:in hac quidem re vereor ne etiam contra (i. e. sit),
id. Att. 12, 46; id. Off. 1, 15, 49:quod contra est,
Sall. J. 85, 21:quis non credat, etc.? Contra autem est,
Sen. Q. N. 3, 25, 12; id. Ep. 7, 3; Dig. 37, 4, 4:contra fore si, etc.,
ib. 34, 2, 39, § 2:immo forsitan et contra (i. e. erit),
ib. 41, 3, 49:ego contra puto (i. e. esse),
Plin. Ep. 1, 20, 7; Lampr. Alex. Sev. 25.—With evenire, accidere, sentire, scribere, habere, etc.:c.utrumque contra accidit: istic enim bellum est exortum, hic pax consecuta,
of both the contrary has happened, Cic. Fam. 12, 18, 2; so Dig. 38, 2, 51:id ego contra puto (sc.: faciendum esse),
id. Att. 10, 8, 2:contra evenit in iis morbis,
Sen. Ep. 52, 7; Plin. 2, 65, 65, § 163:ego contra sentio,
Sen. Clem. 1, 15, 5; Sedig. ap. Gell. 15, 24, 4; Dig. 40, 2, 25:Proculus contra (sc. sentit),
ib. 35, 2, 1, § 14; 33, 7, 25:licet Celsus contra scribat,
ib. 9, 2, 21, § 1: contra probatur, Gai Inst. 2, 78; Dig. 33, 7, 12, § 34.—Very rarely referring to a term in the same clause:cujus disparem mitioremque naturam contra interpretabatur,
interpreted in an opposite sense, misinterpreted, misunderstood, Tac. H. 4, 86 fin. —Referring to a word or phrase in the same predicate.(α).To an adverb, in an opposite manner, otherwise, differently, not, etc.:(β).nam ad summam totius rei pertinet, caute an contra demonstrata res sit,
Cic. de Or. 2, 81, 330: quod viriliter animoque fit, id, etc.;quod contra, id turpe,
id. Off. 1, 27, 94:sit sapienter usus aut contra,
Quint. 2, 5, 15:lactuca locis apricis optume autumno ponitur, mediterraneis aut frigidis contra ( = pessime),
Col. 11, 3, 25.—To a predicative adjective, not, the opposite, the reverse, etc.:(γ).ut aliae (res) probabiles videantur aliae contra,
improbable, Cic. Ac. 2, 32, 103; id. Off. 2, 2, 7:quid est quod me impediat ea quae probabilia mihi videantur sequi, quae contra, improbare,
id. ib. 2, 2, 8; id. Or. 2, 31, 135; Quint. 4, 2, 52.—To a verbal predicate:(δ).an frater fratri exsistat heres, an contra ( = annon),
Dig. 34, 5, 19.—To a subject infinitive:(ε).laudare testem vel contra pertinet ad momentum judiciorum,
praising or censuring a witness, Quint. 3, 7, 2.—To a clause, translated by not or by a repetition of the clause with a negative:(ζ).quae secundum naturam essent, ea sumenda et quadam aestimatione dignanda docebat, contraque contraria,
those that were not, not, Cic. Ac. 1, 10, 36: quod cuidam aut sapiens videor quod una non jerim, aut felix fuisse;mihi contra,
id. Att. 9, 12, 4: an credibile est, incestum cum filia commissum? Et contra, veneficum in noverca, adulterum in luxurioso? and incredible, etc., Quint. 5, 10, 19; so Dig. 9, 1, 2, § 1.—To an attributive genitive:2.Marius cognoscere quid boni utrisque or contra esset (i. e. mali),
Sall. J. 88, 2:verum de origine laudis contraque perspiciemus suo tempore (i. e. vituperationis),
Quint. 2, 4, 21:alii a propositione accusatoris contraque loci oriuntur,
the accuser and the accused, id. 7, 2, 31;so in several titles of the Digests, as Depositi vel contra, = actio depositi, vel contraria actio depositarii,
Dig. 16, 3 tit.; so ib. 16, 17, 1; 16, 13, 6; 16, 13, 7.—Reversing the relation of terms in the preceding sentence, the reverse, conversely, vice versa, etc.a.With its own predicate: saepe... corpus aegret, Cum tamen ex alia laetamur parte latenti;b.Et retro fit uti contra sit saepe vicissim, Cum miser ex animo laetatur corpore toto,
Lucr. 3, 108: illa altera argumentatio, quasi retro et contra, prius sumit, etc., ( proceeding), so to speak, backward and in inverted order, Cic. Part. Or. 13, 46: neque illud ignoro, etc.; sed non idem accidit contra, but the converse is not true, Quint. 8, 6, 3; Gell. 4, 2, 5: ut vocabula verbis, verba rursus adverbiis, nomina appositis et pronominibus essent priora. Nam fit contra quoque frequenter non indecore. for often, not inelegantly, the order is reversed, Quint. 9, 4, 24:quae etiam contra valent,
i. e. if the terms are reversed, id. 3, 7, 25; 9, 2, 49; 8, 6, 25; 9, 4, 72.—Belonging to the same predicate:E.ut quidque erit dicendum ita dicet, nec satura jejune, nec grandia minute, nec item contra,
Cic. Or. 36, 123:cum emtor venditori, vel contra, heres exstitit,
Dig. 35, 2, 48:in quibus patrium pro possessivo dicitur, vel contra,
Quint. 1, 5, 45; 5, 10, 71:junguntur autem aut ex nostro et peregrino, ut biclinium, aut contra, ut epitogium et Anticato,
id. 1, 5, 68:ut capras in montosis potius locis quam in herbidis (pascar), equas contra,
but with mares the reverse is the case, Varr. R. R. 2, 1, 16:itaque ille dicere melius quam praecipere, nos contra fortasse possumus,
Cic. Or. 42, 143:qua collegi solent ex his quae faciunt ea quae faciuntur, aut contra,
or vice versa, Quint. 5, 10, 80; Dig. 14, 1, 1, § 12; 48, 5, 23, § 4.In logical antithesis of clauses with a merely rhet. force, on the contrary, on the other hand, vice versa; sometimes almost = sed or autem (freq.).1.In independent clauses.a.Opposing persons or parties: fortunam insanam esse... perhibent philosophi... Sunt autem alii philosophi qui contra Fortunam negant ullam exstare, Pac. ap. Auct. Her. 2, 23, 36 (Trag. Rel. v. 372 Rib.); Caecil. ap. Cic. Tusc. 4, 32, 68; Varr. R. R. 1, 8, 1:b.ego etiam quae tu sine Verre commisisti Verri crimini daturus sum... Tu, contra, ne quae ille quidem fecit, obicies,
Cic. Div. in Caecil. 11, 35:ego contra ostendo, non modo nihil fecisse Sex. Roscium, sed, etc.,
id. Rosc. Am. 29, 79; id. Phil. 8, 3, 8; id. Off. 1, 30, 108; id. Fin. 5, 22, 62:in Italia bellum gerimus, in sede ac solo nostro... Hannibal contra in aliena, in hostili est terra,
Liv. 22, 39, 13; 21, 50, 2; 3, 15, 2; 6, 7, 4; 9, 35, 4 et saep.; Nep. Alcib. 8, 1; Vell. 2, 31, 4; Sen. Ep. 9, 14; id. Ira, 2, 33, 6; Plin. 35, 10, 37, § 113; Tac. H. 3, 84; 3, 57; Suet. Tib. 2; id. Vit. 2; Just. 2, 1, 10; 8, 4, 11:contra mercator, navim jactantibus austris Militia est potior?
Hor. S. 1, 1, 6; 1, 2, 30; 1, 3, 27; Prop. 2, 1, 45; 2, 23, 13 (3, 17, 3); Sen. Hippol. 214;so with versa vice: barbarae gentes (Alexandrum) non ut hostem, sed ut parentem luxerunt... Contra Macedones versa vice non ut civem, sed ut hostem amissum gaudebant,
Just. 13, 1, 7.—Introducing a secondary or parallel opposition of thought: in loco umidiore far potius serunt quam triticum;2.contra in aridiore hordeum potius quam far,
Varr. R. R. 1, 9, 4; 1, 1, 47: si nihil esset quod inane vocaret, Omne foret solidum;nisi contra corpora certe Essent, etc., Omne quod est spatium vacuum constaret inane,
Lucr. 1, 521; 4, 348; cf.:justa omnia decora sunt, injusta contra, ut turpia, sic indecora,
Cic. Off. 1, 27, 94; id. N. D. 2, 15, 41; id. de Or. 3, 33, 136; id. Quint. 30, 93: id. Off. 3, 21, 84; id. Leg. 2, 1, 2: facilem esse rem... si modo unum omnes sentiant; contra in dissensione nullam se salutem perspicere, Caes. B. G, 5, 31; Liv. 25, 30, 3; Sen. Ben. 1, 5, 2; Plin. 12, 19, 42, § 92; 11, 14, 14, § 35; Suet. Caes. 73; Gell. 1, 4, 5:si male rem gerere insani est, contra bene, sani,
Hor. S. 2, 3, 74.—In opposition to a dependent clause:3.ut hi miseri, sic contra illi beati quos, etc.,
Cic. Tusc. 5, 6, 16; so id. de Or. 1, 45, 198; Quint. 9, 3, 39:cui ego rei tantum abest ut impedimento sim, ut contra te M. Manli adhorter, etc.,
Liv. 6, 15, 5; 6, 31, 4:cum virtus adeo neminem spe ac pollicitatione corrumpat, ut contra in se inpendere jubeat, ac, etc.,
Sen. Ben. 4, 1, 2: aut igitur negemus quidquam ratione confici, cum contra nihil sine ratione recte fieri possit, aut, etc., whereas on the contrary, etc., Cic. Tusc. 4, 38, 84; cf.:at contra,
Lucr. 2, 392.—With co-ordinate conjunctions.a.Copulative, et contra or contraque (never with ac or atque); also nec contra (rare), and on the other hand.(α).With reference to a reason or conclusion, after nam, enim, cum, or itaque: nam et ratione uti... omnique in re quid sit veri videre et tueri decet, contraque falli [p. 454]... tam dedecet quam, etc., Cic. Off. 1, 27, 94:(β).malus est enim custos... metus, contraque benevolentia fidelis,
id. ib. 2, 7, 23:cum reficiat animos varietas ipsa, contraque sit aliquanto difficilius in labore uno perseverare,
Quint. 1, 12, 4; 3, 8, 32; 8, 6, 20:itaque in probris maxime in promptu est, si quid tale dici potest, etc. Contraque in laudibus, etc.,
Cic. Off. 1, 18, 61; cf. Suet. Calig. 51; so with nec:nam nec comoedia cothurnis assurgit, nec contra tragoedia socculo ingreditur,
Quint. 10, 2, 22.—With contrasted examples or illustrations, often after ut or sic:(γ).audivi ex majoribus natu, hoc idem fuisse in P. Scipione Nasica, contraque patrem ejus... nullam comitatem habuisse sermonis,
Cic. Off. 1, 30, 109:ut suspitionibus credi oportere, et contra suspitionibus credi non oportere,
id. Inv. 2, 15, 48; Quint. 8, 4, 1; 5, 10, 48; 9, 3, 7; 9, 4, 52; 11, 1, 14; Sen. Ep. 82, 14; Dig. 17, 1, 22, § 4.—With contrasted actions, assumptions, etc.:(δ).atque utinam qui ubique sunt propugnatores hujus imperii possent in hanc civitatem venire, et contra oppugnatores rei publicae de civitate exterminari!
Cic. Balb. 22, 51:domo pignori data, et area ejus tenebitur... et contra jus soli sequitur aedificium,
Dig. 13, 7, 21:equo et asina genitos mares, hinnos antiqui vocabant: contraque mulos quos asini et equae generassent,
Plin. 8, 44, 69, § 17: ceterum potest ex lege quidem esse judicium, sed legitimum non esse, et contra ex lege non esse, sed legitimum esse, Gai Inst. 4, 109; Plin. 2, 65, 65, § 161; 35, 15, 5, § 183.—After a negative clause, affirming the opposite idea, et contra or contraque, but on the contrary:b.in quo (consulatu) ego imperavi nihil, et contra patribus conscriptis et bonis omnibus parui,
Cic. Sull. 7, 21:nunc vero cum ne pulsus quidem ita sim ut superare non possim, contraque a populo Romano semper sim defensus, etc.,
id. Dom. 33, 88; id. Fin. 2, 17, 55; id. Marcell. 6, 20; so,et contra,
Suet. Tit. 7.—With adversative conjunctions, at contra, sed contra, contra autem, contra vero (not verum contra, nor contra tamen).(α).At contra (freq.), merely a strengthened contra (v. 1. supra): huc accedit uti mellis lactisque liquores Jucundo sensu linguae tractentur in ore;(β).At contra taetri absinthi natura... foedo pertorqueat ora sapore,
Lucr. 2, 400:cogunt,
id. 2, 74; 1, 366; 2, 235 et saep.: nos qui domi sumus, tibi beati videmur;at contra nobis tu quidem... prae nobis beatus,
Cic. Fam. 4, 4, 2; id. Tusc. 1, 3, 5; id. Rosc. Am. 45, 131; id. Verr. 2, 5, 26, § 66; Sall. J. 36, 2; 4, 7; 15, 3; id. C. 12, 5:ideo siccas aiunt Aethiopiae solitudines... At contra constat Germaniam abundare rivis,
Sen. Q. N. 3, 6, 2; 1, 3, 1; id. Ep. 100, 7; Plin. 7, 53, 54, § 186; Suet. Galb. 15; Tac. A. 4, 28.—Sed contra, after a negative sentence (class.):(γ).non quo acui ingenia adulescentium nollem, sed contra ingenia obtundi nolui,
Cic. de Or. 3, 24, 93; id. Att. 9, 15, 3; id. Ac. 1, 10, 35; id. Fl. 11, 26:arma populi Romani non liberis servitutem, sed contra servientibus libertatem adferre,
Liv. 45, 18, 1:tu ne cede malis, sed contra audentior ito,
Verg. A. 6, 95; Plin. Ep. 1, 10, 12.—PostAug. also without a preceding negation:obiisse nostro Laium scelere autumant superi inferique: sed animus contra innocens... negat,
Sen. Oedip. 765; Symm. Ep. 6, 81.—Contra autem (rare;(δ).in Cic. only where different subjects have contrasted predicates in dependent clauses): quia pacis est insigne toga, contra autem arma tumultus atque belli,
Cic. Pis. 30, 73.—In later writers = contra alone:sub septemtrione aedificia... conversa ad calidas partes oportere fieri videntur. Contra autem sub impetu solis meridiani regionibus conversa ad septemtrionem... sunt facienda,
Vitr. 6, 1, 2; Gell. 14, 2, 19; Dig. 7, 1, 25, § 3; 34, 3, 25.—Contra vero (very rare;(ε).not in Cic.), used for contra: contra vero quercus infinitam habet aeternitatem,
Vitr. 2, 9, 8; 6, 1, 3; Cels. 3, 6 fin. —Atqui contra, App. Mag. p. 287, 24.—c.With disjunctive conjunctions, aut contra, vel contra, seu contra, or on the contrary, or conversely (always without change of subject).(α).Aut contra:(β).num aut scriptum neget, aut contra factum infitietur?
Cic. Part. Or. 38, 133: quae (mens) aut languescit... aut contra tumescit, etc., Quint. 1, 2, 18:si imbres defuere, aut contra abundavere,
Plin. 17, 24, 37, § 228.—Vel contra:(γ).hinc enim quaestiones oriuntur: Injuriam fecisti, sed quia magistratus, majestatis actio est? Vel contra: Licuit... quia magistratus?
Quint. 5, 10, 40; 9, 4, 96; Suet. Galb. 3; Dig. 35, 2, 56, § 4; 8, 4, 6.—Seu contra:d.seu tristis veniam, seu contra laetus amicis,
Prop. 1, 11, 25.—With causal conjunctions, nam contra (very rare;4.never contra enim): falso queritur de natura sua genus humanum quod, etc. Nam contra, reputando, neque majus aliud, neque praestabilius invenies,
Sall. J. 1, 1; Quint. 1, 1, 1; 9, 2, 23. —In late Lat., e contra (also one word, ēcontrā) = contra,(α).In the meaning, the contrary (D. 1.):(β).aliis vero econtra videtur,
Hier. Ep. 12.—Et econtra = et contra (E. 3. a.):5.honestiorum provectu et econtra suppliciis,
Aur. Vict. Caes. 39, 45.—For quod contra, v. II. E. 1. c.—With emphatic particles.a.Quin contra, nay on the contrary, opposing an affirmative sentence to a preceding negative statement (quin etiam amplifies without opposition; sed contra opposes without amplification; quin contra both opposes and amplifies);b.not before Livy: num qui enim socordius rempublicam administrari post Calvi tribunatum... quam? etc. Quin contra patricios aliquot damnatos... neminem plebeium,
Liv. 6, 37, 8; 31, 31, 9; 35, 26, 10; 37, 15, 3.—Immo contra (post-Aug.).(α).= no, on the contrary, refuting opinions, after questions and in the form of a dialogue:(β).existimas nunc me detrahere tibi multas voluptates?... Immo contra, nolo tibi umquam deesse laetitiam,
Sen. Ep. 23, 3; Dig. 33, 7, 5; 33, 7, 29.—= sed contra, but on the contrary:c.proinde ne submiseris te, immo contra fige stabilem gradum,
Sen. Cons. Marc. 5, 6; id. Cons. Polyb. 15, 2; cf. prep.:immo contra ea,
Liv. 41, 24, 8; cf. II. E. 1. b. infra.—Item contra = an emphatic et contra (very rare):F.quoniam... beate vivere alii in alio, vos in voluptate ponitis, item contra miseriam in dolore, etc.,
Cic. Fin. 2, 27, 86; cf. I. A. 3. g supra.With a comparative clause introduced by ac, atque, or quam, representing a logical or moral opposition (contra atque debuit = non ita ut debuit; cf. Cic. Or. 3, 19, 70); cf. prep., II. C. 3. g, and II. E. 2. infra.1.Of logical opposition, contrary to, different from, otherwise than; in the best prose only with atque or ac.(α).With atque:(β).item, contra atque apud nos, fieri ad Elephantinem ut neque ficus neque vites amittant folia,
Varr. R. R. 1, 7, 6:simulacrum Jovis, contra atque ante fuerat, ad orientem convertere,
Cic. Cat. 3, 8, 20; id. Sull. 24, 69:judicium suscepturos contra atque omnis Italia populusque Romanus judicavisset,
Caes. B. C. 3, 12; id. B. G. 4, 13; Plin. 12, 19, 43, § 95.—With ac:(γ).itaque contra est ac dicitis,
Cic. Fin. 4, 15, 41:vides, omnia fere contra ac dicta sint evenisse,
id. Div. 2, 24, 53; so id. Verr. 2, 4, 6, § 11; id. Or. 40, 137:cum contra ac Deiotarus sensit victoria belli judicaret,
id. Phil. 11, 13, 34:Petreius ubi videt, Catilinam, contra ac ratus erat, magna vi tendere, etc.,
Sall. C. 60, 5.—With ac and atque:(δ).si denique aliquid non contra ac liceret factum diceretur, sed contra atque oporteret,
Cic. Balb. 3, 7.—With quam (post-Aug.):2.cui contra quam proposuerat aliqua cesserunt,
Sen. Ira, 3, 6, 5; Plin. 10, 53, 74, § 149; 11, 21, 24, § 72; Gell. 6 (7), 8, 6:contra quam licet,
id. 1, 3, 19; Sil. 15, 107.—Of moral opposition of acts contrary to rules and principles (cf. II. 3. g infra); so always with quam:II.mater Aviti, generi sui, contra quam fas erat, amore capta,
contrary to the divine law, Cic. Clu. 5, 12:ut senatus, contra quam ipse censuisset, ad vestitum rediret,
contrary to its own resolution, id. Pis. 8, 18:contra quam ista causa postulasset,
id. Caecin. 24, 67:contra quam sanctum legibus est,
Liv. 30, 19, 9; Cic. Leg. 2, 5, 11; id. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 1, § 2; id. Dom. 46, 122:contraque faciunt quam polliceri videntur,
Auct. Her. 4, 3, 6; Cic. de Or. 2, 20, 86.Prep. with acc., before, against, facing, towards, opposite to, contrary to (acc. to many scholars not ante-class.; cf. Hand, Turs. II. p. 108; but found Plaut. Ps. 1, 2, 24 Fleck., a line omitted by Lorenz as a gloss; id. Pers. 1, 1, 13 Ritschl; Att. ap. Non. p. 469, 15, or Trag. Rel. v. 476 Rib.; cf. also Plaut. Poen. 5, 6, 18; Cato, R. R. 18, 1, and v. I. A. 1. a. b, and I. A. 1. b. a supra).A.Local uses.1.Opposite, over against, facing.a.Of countries and places (mostly of those separated by water;b.adversus and e regione mostly of places opposite by land): insulae natura triquetra, cujus unum latus est contra Galliam,
Caes. B. G. 5, 13; 3, 9; 4, 20:ad insulam quae est contra Massiliam,
id. B. C. 1, 56; 3, 23:Rhodios, pacatis contra insulam suam terris, etc.,
Liv. 37, 15, 7; 3, 26, 8:Carthago Italiam contra,
Verg. A. 1, 13; 5, 124; Ov. M. 14, 17:insulae quae contra Tauri promuntorium inopportune navigantibus objacent, Chelidoniae nominantur,
Mel. 2, 7; Plin. 3, 26, 30, § 151; 6, 28, 32, § 152; 5, 7, 7, § 41; Tac. A. 3, 1; id. H. 2, 17.—Of the heavenly bodies:c.donique (luna) eum (sc. solem) contra pleno bene lumine fulsit,
Lucr. 5, 708:contra Volucris rostrum posita est Lyra,
Vitr. 9, 4, 5; Sen. Q. N. 1, 5, 9; 1, 8, 3; Plin. 2, 31, 31, § 99; 5, 10, 10, § 56.—So, tertium (latus Britanniae) est contra septem triones, opposite ( facing); hence, contra meridiem and contra ortus (instead of ad or adversus meridiem, etc.), facing the south and east, Plin. 6, 24, 24, § 85; 17, 2, 2, § 22. —So of a person standing in the sunlight:cum minima umbra (i. e. a sole) contra medium fiet hominem,
Plin. 18, 33, 76, § 327; cf.:contra mediam faciem meridies erit,
id. 18, 33, 76, § 326.—Of opposite ends of a line.(α).Of the diameter of the earth: esse e regione nobis e contraria parte terrae qui adversis vestigiis stent contra nostra vestigia, quos antipodas vocatis, Cic. Ac. 2, 39, 123.—(β).Of a line drawn:d.contra autem E littera I erit ubi secat circinationem linea,
opposite the point E will be the letter I, Vitr. 9, 7, 4.—Of buildings, etc.:e.contra hoc aviarium est aliud minus in quo quae mortuae sunt aves curator servare solet,
Varr. R. R. 3, 5, 5; Vitr. 5, 6, 3; 3, 5, 15:(statuam) quae fuerit contra Jovis Statoris aedem in vestibulo Superbi domus,
Plin. 34, 6, 13, § 29:contra medium fere porticum diaeta paulum recedit,
Plin. Ep. 5, 6, 20; 2, 17, 5; Suet. Aug. 44.—Of places on the human body:2.id quod contra stomachum est,
Cels. 4, 5 (4, 12 med.); 7, 7;4, 20 (13).—Of the direction of the intestines, etc.: ea... contra medium alvum orsa,
Cels. 4, 1 fin. —Of actions, opposite, towards, against, facing (syn.:a.adversus, ad, e regione,
Caes. B. G. 7, 61).In gen.:b.quamvis subito... quamque Rem contra speculum ponas, apparet imago,
Lucr. 4, 156: Democritus... clipeum constituit contra exortum Hyperionis, Laber. ap. Gell. 10, 17, 4:et contra magnum potes hos (i.e. oculos) attollere solem, Nec tremis...?
Prop. 1, 15, 37; Col. 7, 3, 8:rex constiterat contra pedites,
Curt. 10, 9, 13; 9, 5, 1:ne contra septentrionem paveris,
Plin. 18, 33, 76, § 330; 28, 6, 19, § 69:contra solem varie refulgens,
placed in the sun, id. 37, 10, 63, § 173; 10, 54, 75, § 151; 37, 6, 22, § 83;37, 7, 25, § 95: cum terrestres volucres contra aquam clangores dabunt,
id. 18, 35, 87, § 363; 19, 8, 39, § 131.—Dependent on verbs of motion (very rare without the idea of hostility):c.(Dinocrates) incessit contra tribunal regis jus dicentis,
towards, Vitr. 2, praef. 1.—So trop., of actions done for a purpose:lege Cornelia de sicariis tenetur qui, cum in magistratu esset, eorum quid fecerit contra hominis necem quod legibus permissum non sit,
Dig. 48, 8, 4.—Appositively, with the predicate: (elephanti) tanta narratur clementia contra minus validos, ut, etc., if fronting weaker animals, if brought in contact with them (not to be connected with clementia), Plin. 8, 7, 7, § 23.—Similarly: dum... fidens non est contra feram, if fronting the animal (not dependent on fidens), Plin. 8, 16, 21, § 57.—d.Against an opposing action, etc.:e.contra vim atque impetum fluminis conversa,
Caes. B. G. 4, 17, 5:cum plateae contra directos ventos erunt conformatae,
Vitr. 1, 6, 8:ut contra ventum gregem pascamus,
Col. 7, 3, 12; Sen. Q. N. 2, 31, 2; Plin. 29, 3, 12, § 52; 17, 2, 2, § 21; 8, 16, 21, § 54:contra fluminum impetus aggeribus,
id. 35, 14, 48, § 169:capite in sole contra pilum peruncto,
id. 27, 4, 5, § 17; 18, 35, 88, § 364; Varr. ap. Plin. 7, 20, 19, § 83; Sil. 14, 352; Dig. 9, 2, 29, § 4. [p. 455] — Trop.:contra fortunam tenendus est cursus,
Sen. Prov. 5, 9.—Prov.:contra stimulum calces,
kick against the pricks, Isid. Orig. 1, 36, 28 (al. calcitres); cf. Amm. 18, 5, 1.—Of local actions with hostile intent.(α).Lit.:(β).quae vis Coclitem contra omnes hostium copias tenuit?
Cic. Par. 1, 2, 12:Pompeium Cartejae receptum scribis: jam igitur contra hunc exercitum (sc. constitit),
id. Att. 15, 20, 3:pertimescam, credo, ne mihi non liceat contra vos in contione consistere,
to face you, id. Agr. 1, 8, 25; Lepidus ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 34, 1; Caes. B. C. 1, 26:a fronte contra hostem pedum quindecim fossam fieri jussit,
id. ib. 1, 41; 1, 42; id. B. G. 7, 62:Tullus adversus Veientem hostem derigit suos: Albanos contra legionem Fidenatium collocat,
Liv. 1, 27, 5; 24, 41, 5; 38, 4, 5; Verg. A. 12, 279; Front. Strat. 2, 2, 13; 2, 3, 17.—Appositively, with a local verb understood:terribilis haec contra fugientes belua est, fugax contra insequentes,
i. e. if fronting, if placed opposite, Plin. 8, 25, 38, § 92.—Trop.:f.castra sunt in Italia contra populum Romanum in Etruriae faucibus collocata,
Cic. Cat. 1, 2, 5; id. Mil. 1, 2; Quint. 7, 7, 5:tum contra hanc Romam illa altera Roma quaeretur,
will be as a rival against this Rome, Cic. Agr. 2, 22, 86:cui rationi contra homines barbaros atque imperitos locus fuisset, hac ne ipsum quidem sperare, etc.,
Caes. B. G. 1, 40:(Cicero) plerumque contra inimicos atque obtrectatores plus vindicat sibi,
when fronting adversaries, Quint. 11, 1, 23.—In partic.(α).Stare contra aliquem (opp. stare ab aliquo); usu. implying hostility; mostly trop., to stand against, to be arrayed against, to face, oppose:(β).quod contra hoc exemplum nulla staret eorum ratio,
Auct. Her. 4, 5, 7:contra populi studium,
Cic. Brut. 34, 126:contra civium perditorum... dementiam a senatu et a bonorum causa,
id. ib. 79, 273; so,a mendacio contra veritatem,
id. Inv. 1, 3, 4:contra cives in acie,
id. Att. 16, 11, 2:et adversi contra stetit ora juvenci,
opposite, Verg. A. 5, 477; 5, 414:haec enim (ratio) sola... stat contra fortunam,
Sen. Ep. 14, 4, 2: contra leonem etiam stetit, fronted, i. e. hunted, Spart. Carac. 5 fin. —Contra aliquem ire:3.aut saevos Libyae contra ire leones,
Stat. Th. 9, 16.— Trop.:uti contra injurias armati eatis,
Sall. J. 31, 6:interritus (sapiens) et contra illa (mala) ibit et inter illa,
Sen. Ep. 59, 8; cf.: contra venire, II. B. 1. c. b infra, and v. also II. B. 2. b. and II. B. 1. b. infra.—Transf.,a.To persons placed together for comparison:b.C. vero Caesar, si foro tantum vacasset, non alius ex nostris contra Ciceronem nominaretur,
Quint. 10, 1, 114:CORONATO CONTRA OMNES SCAENICOS,
Inscr. Grut. p. 331, n. 4.—To things compared, as if weighed against each other as to their value, strength, etc.(α).Lit. (very rare):(β).quamcunque vis rem expende, et contra aquam statue... Si gravior est, leviorem rem... feret, etc.,
Sen. Q. N. 3, 25, 5.—Prop.:c.cujus (i. e. generis humani) causa videtur cuncta alia genuisse natura, magna saeva mercede contra tanta sua munera,
Plin. 7, 1, 1, § 1:qui amicus esse coepit quia expedit, placebit ei aliquod pretium contra amicitiam,
Sen. Ep. 9, 9:numquam ulli fortiores cives fuerunt quam qui ausi sunt eum contra tantas opes ejus... condemnare,
Cic. Fam. 7, 2, 3:tantum studium bonorum in me exstitisse, contra incredibilem contentionem clarissimi et potentissimi viri,
id. ib. 7, 2, 2; Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 9, 3:nomen prorogans nostrum et memoriam extendens contra brevitatem aevi,
as a compensation for, Plin. 2, 63, 63, § 154.—So esp., valere contra, to weigh against, counterbalance, avail or prevail against: non vereor ne meae vitae modestia parum valitura sit contra falsos rumores, Matius ap. Cic. Fam. 11, 28, 8:(illa facta) pro periculo potius quam contra salutem valere debere,
Cic. Part. Or. 35, 120; id. Off. 3, 29, 104:contrane lucrum nil valere Pauperis ingenium?
Hor. Epod. 11, 11; Sen. Ben. 4, 15, 1; id. Cons. Helv. 5, 5; so,robur habere contra: si contra unamquamlibet partem fortunae satis tibi roboris est,
id. ib. 13, 2;so of counterchecks: in Creta decem qui cosmoe vocantur, ut contra consulare imperium tribuni plebis, sic illi contra vim regiam constituti,
Cic. Rep. 2, 33, 58.—Of antidotes: cimicum natura contra serpentium morsus valere dicitur, item contra venena omnia, Plin. 29, 4, 17, § 61.—Hence,Colloq., aliquid contra aurum est, something is worth gold, is superb, both predicatively and attributively (cf.: auro contra, I. A. 2. supra): hujusce pomaria in summa Sacra Via ubi poma veneunt, contra aurum imago, a spectacle for gold, i. e. a magnificent sight, Varr. R. R. 1, 2, 10 MSS. (al. aliter):d.numcubi hic vides citrum... num quod emblema aut lithostratum? quae illic omnia contra aurum,
superb, id. ib. 3, 2, 4 MSS. (Schneid. omits aurum, ex conj.):oneravi vinum, et tunc erat contra aurum,
Petr. 7, 6.—Transf., of replies, with aiebat, inquit, etc.; both in friendly and inimical sense; esp., contra ea, contra haec, = the adv. contra:B.contra ea Titurius sero facturos clamitabat, etc.,
Caes. B. G. 5, 29:contra ea Verginius unum Ap. Claudium et legum expertem et, etc., aiebat,
Liv. 3, 57, 1; 24, 45, 4:quae contra breviter fata est vates,
Verg. A. 6, 398:contra quod disertus Tu impie fecisti inquit, etc.,
Quint. 7, 1, 53 (cf.: contra ea, II. E. 1. infra).Denoting hostility or disadvantage.1.With verbs of hostile action.a.Of physical exertion:b.pugnavere et tertio consulatu ejus viginti (elephanti) contra pedites quingentos,
Plin. 8, 7, 7, § 22:proelium Afri contra Aegyptios primi fecere fustibus,
id. 7, 56, 57, § 200; 8, 40, 61, § 142. —Referring to warfare (usu. adversus), bellum gerere (rarely for cum or adversus; but contra patriam, contra aras, etc., not cum patria, etc.; cf.c.bellum, II. A. 1. e.): a quo prohibitos esse vos contra Caesarem gerere bellum (opp. pro),
Cic. Lig. 8, 25; id. Phil. 5, 10, 27; Liv. Ep. 129.—With bellum suscipere:contra Antonium,
Cic. Phil. 8, 2, 5; so,contra patriam,
id. Sull. 20, 58:pugnare contra patriam,
id. ib. 25, 70:contra conjuges et liberos,
Sen. Ben. 5, 15, 5:armatum esse contra populum Romanum,
Cic. Prov. Cons. 13, 32.—With arma ferre (freq.), Cic. Phil. 2, 29, 72; 13, 21, 47; Liv. 28, 28, 15; Nep. Att. 4, 2; Tib. 1, 6, 30; Ov. M. 4, 609; 13, 269; id. P. 1, 1, 26.—With arma sumere or capere, Cic. Rab. Perd. 6, 19; id. Phil. 4, 1, 2; 4, 3, 7:armis contendere contra,
Caes. B. G. 2, 13:arma alicui dare (trop.),
Cic. Phil. 2, 21, 53:aciem instruere (trop.),
Liv. 25, 4, 4:exercitum comparare,
Cic. Phil. 3, 6, 14; 4, 1, 2:exercitum instruere,
id. Cat. 2, 11, 24:exercitum ducere and adducere,
id. Phil. 4, 2, 5; 3, 4, 11:exercitum contra Philippum mittere,
id. Inv. 1, 12, 17:naves ducere contra,
Hor. Epod. 4, 19:ducere contra hostes,
Liv. 1, 27, 4:florem Italiae educere contra,
Cic. Cat. 2, 11, 24:proficisci contra,
to march against, Liv. 1, 11, 3; 8, 2, 5:auxilium ferre Rutulis contra Latinos,
Plin. 14, 12, 14, § 88:juvare aliquem contra,
Caes. B. C. 1, 35:consilium inire contra Sequanos,
to take hostile measures against, id. B. G. 6, 12.—Of legal contention (more freq. adversus, except with verbs of saying).(α).In gen., with agere or causam agere, to act as counsel against a party or his attorney:(β).cum agerem contra hominem disertissimum nostrae civitatis,
Cic. Caecin. 33, 97; id. Brut. 63, 226; Sen. Ben. 4, 15, 3; Quint. 11, 1, 59.—Causam recipere or suscipere contra, to accept a retainer against:(causam) quam receperam contra pueros Octavios,
Cic. Att. 13, 49, 1; Quint. 6, 1, 12; Plin. Ep. 4, 17, 1.—Adesse alicui contra, to appear, act as one's counsel against:rogavit me Caecilius ut adessem contra Satrium,
Cic. Att. 1, 1, 3; Plin. Ep. 1, 7, 5 al.; cf.:esse contra,
id. ib. 1, 18, 3.— Trop.: conquesturus venit;at contra se adfuit et satisfacienti satisfecit,
Sen. Fragm. Amic. 14, 1, 89:causam defendere contra,
against the accuser, Cic. de Or. 1, 39, 178:statuere contra aliquem (sc. causam),
to establish a case against an adversary, id. Or. 10, 34:actio competit contra,
Dig. 49, 14, 41:querelam instituere contra,
ib. 5, 2, 21, § 1:bonorum possessionem petere contra,
ib. 5, 2, 23:jus obtinere contra,
Cic. Quint. 9, 34:pugnare contra,
to struggle against the accuser, id. Sull. 17, 49; id. Verr. 1, 11, 33:id quod mihi contra illos datum est,
i. e. a local advantage over, id. Tull. 14, 33:judicare contra aliquem,
id. Fl. 20, 48; Dig. 21, 2, 55; 5, 2, 14; Just. Inst. 4, 17, 2:pronuntiare contra,
Paul. Sent. 5, 34, 2: dare sententiam contra, Dig. 21, 2, 56, § 1:decernere contra,
Cic. Fl. 31, 76:appellare contra aliquem,
Dig. 49, 1, 3; 49, 5, 6; cf.:contra sententiam,
Cod. Just. 7, 62, 32, § 2.—Sentire contra aliquem, to have an opinion unfavorable to:cur vos (cum) aliquid contra me sentire dicatis, etc.,
Cic. Caecin. 27, 79.—Venire contra aliquem, to appear as counsel for one's adversary:(γ).quid tu, Saturi, qui contra hunc venis, existimas aliter?
Cic. Rosc. Com. 6, 18; id. Mur. 4, 9; id. Phil. 8, 6, 18.—Venire contra rem alicujus, to give advice damaging one's interests:contra rem suam me venisse questus est,
Cic. Phil. 2, 2, 3.—With dicere and other verbs of saying. (aa) Of a lawyer pleading against a lawyer:d.ipse ille Mucius, quid in illa causa cum contra te diceret, attulit quod? etc.,
Cic. de Or. 1, 57, 244:cum ille contra me pro Sex. Naevio diceret,
id. Brut. 60, 2, 7; id. de Or. 2, 7, 30; id. Rosc. Am. 15, 45; id. Div. in Caecil. 14, 44; id. Planc. 2, 5; id. Brut. 26, 102; so,causam dicere,
id. Or. 2, 23, 98:causam perorare,
id. Quint. 24, 77.—(bb) Of a lawyer's pleading against the parties: dic mihi, M. Pinari, num si contra te dixero mihi male dicturus es? Servil. ap. Cic. de Or. 2, 65, 261; 3, 34, 138; 1, 14, 60; id. Or. 35, 123; Quint. 11, 1, 57; cf. with ellipsis of acc.:quorum alter pro Aufldia, contra dixit alter,
id. 10, 1, 22.—(ng) Of a party against a lawyer:si Gaditani contra me dicerent,
if the Gaditani were my adversaries, Cic. Balb. 17, 38.—(dd) Of witnesses and experts, and the pleadings against them:si decressent legationem quae contra istum diceret,
Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 4, § 12: contra testes dicere (opp. a testibus or pro testibus). Auct. Her. 2, 6, 9; Cic. de Or. 2, 27, 118 (cf.:testimonium in aliquem dicere,
id. Sull. 17, 48; Quint. 7, 4, 36):contra juris consultos dicere,
against their legal opinions, Cic. Caecin. 24, 69.—So of witnesses in scientific questions:contra testes dicendum est,
Sen. Q. N. 7, 16, 1.—(ee) Dicere or contendere aliquid contra aliquem, to maintain a point against:cum interrogamus adversarios... quid contra nos dici possit,
Auct. Her. 4, 23, 33:tamenne vereris ut possis hoc contra Hortensium contendere?
Cic. Quint. 25, 78. —Of literary adversaries, mostly with verbs of saying and writing:e.cum scriberem contra Epicurios,
Cic. Att. 13, 38, 1:contra Epicurum satis superque dictum est,
id. N. D. 2, 1, 2:contra Brutum,
id. Tusc. 5, 8, 21:contra Academiam,
id. Ac. 2, 19, 63; id. Fin. 1, 1, 2; 5, 8, 22; id. Tusc. 5, 11, 32; 5, 30, 84; id. Ac. 2, 4, 17:contra autem omnia disputatur a nostris,
id. Off. 2, 2, 8.—Of public and political adversaries (syn. adversus and in).(α).In gen.:(β).sentire contra,
Cic. Mil. 2, 5:pugnare contra bonos,
id. Sull. 25, 71:contra eos summa ope nitebatur nobilitas,
Sall. C. 38, 2; Cic. Sest. 19, 42; 52, 112:(tribuni) qui aut contra consulem, aut pro studio ejus pugnabant,
Liv. 39, 32, 12.—Of political speaking:f.cum (Cato) eo ipso anno contra Serv. Galbam ad populum summa contentione dixisset,
Cic. Brut. 20, 80; so id. Imp. Pomp. 17, 53; Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 9, 1.—Of hostile or criminal acts in gen. (syn.:2.adversus, in): inire consilia contra,
Cic. Rosc. Am. 38, 110; id. Cat. 1, 7, 18:manum comparare contra aliquem,
id. Sull. 24, 68:conjurationem facere,
id. ib. 4, 12:congredi,
id. Lig. 3, 9; Sall. J. 64, 4:aliquid contra imperatorem moliri,
Just. Inst. 4, 18, 3:nec dolor armasset contra sua viscera matrem,
against her own offspring Ov. R. Am. 59.—Facere contra (more freq. with abstr. objects; cf. II. C. 1. f. b infra): nunc te contra Caesarem facere summae stultitiae est, to take parts against, Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 16, 2:eae (res) contra nos ambae faciunt,
operate against us, id. Quint. 1, 1.—With verbs of saying, etc.:homo disertus non intellegit, eum quem contra dicit laudari a se?
Cic. Phil. 2, 8, 18; 2, 1, 2; 2, 21, 51; Sen. Ep. 15, 3, 70:epigramma quod contra quamdam Gelliam scripsit,
Lampr. Alex. Sev. 38:disputare contra deos, in two signif.: contra deum licet disputare liberius,
to accuse, reproach a god, Cic. N. D. 3, 31, 76; but: mala et impia consuetudo est contra deos disputandi, to reason against the gods, i. e. against their existence, id. ib. 2, 67, 168.—Predicatively, with esse (videri, etc.), against, injurious to, unfavorable, prejudicial, to one's disadvantage: ut [p. 456] ex senatusconsulto neque cujus intersit, neque contra quem sit intellegi possit, Cic. Mur. 32, 68; id. de Or. 3, 20, 75; 2, 74, 299; 2, 81, 330; id. Sull. 13, 39; Sen. Ben. 6, 31, 6:3.licentiam malis dare certe contra bonos est,
injurious to, Quint. 4, 2, 75:res contra nos est, of unfavorable chances in a lawsuit,
id. 4, 66, 1; 4, 2, 75; 5, 13, 32.—Often, contra aliquem = quod est contra aliquem, referring to indef. pronouns or adjectives:nihil contra me fecit odio mei = nihil quod esset contra me,
Cic. Har. Resp. 3, 5; id. Off. 3, 31, 112:quibus (temporibus) aliquid contra Caesarem Pompeio suaserim,
id. Phil. 2, 10, 24.—Added adverb. to the predicate, mostly referring to purpose, with hostile intent, for the purpose of some hostile act, in order to oppose, in opposition:4.Caesarine eam (provinciam) tradituri fuistis, an contra Caesarem retenturi?
or keep it against Caesar, Cic. Lig. 7, 23:sero enim resistimus ei quem per annos decem aluimus contra nos,
id. Att. 7, 5, 5:judicium illud pecunia esse temptatum non pro Cluentio, sed contra Cluentium,
id. Clu. 4, 9; id. Imp. Pomp. 17, 52; id. Ac. 2, 28, 92:cum quae facitis ejusmodi sint ut ea contra vosmet ipsos facere videamini,
id. Rosc. Am. 36, 104; Sen. Ep. 3, 7, 3: Curio se contra eum totum parat, i. e. to speak against him, Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 8, 10; Caes. B. C. 1, 85 ter; Sen. Q. N. 1, 7, 1; Plin. 16, 39, 74, § 192; Plin. Pan. 41.—So with the force of a temporal clause:fidem meam quam essent contra Massam Baebium experti,
in the suit against, Plin. Ep. 3, 4, 4.—Dependent on adjectives (rare):5.contra se ipse misericors,
to his own injury, Phaedr. 4, 18, 3:severissimus judex contra fures,
Lampr. Alex. Sev. 28.—With nouns.a.Acc. to 1. b.:b.ut quam maximae contra Hannibalem copiae sint,
Cic. Inv. 1, 12, 17; cf. Vell. 2, 76, 3.—Acc. to 1. c. and 1. e.; so esp., oratio contra (cf.: oratio in).(α).Oratio contra (never in), of an address against the counsel of a party or against the prosecutor:(β).quid in omni oratione Crassus vel apud centumviros contra Scaevolam, vel contra accusatorem Brutum, cum pro Cn. Plancio diceret?
Cic. de Or. 2, 54, 220; cf.:Cato pro se contra Cassium = in oratione contra,
Gell. 10, 15, 3; so,haec perpetua defensio contra Scaevolam,
Cic. de Or. 2, 54, 221:orationem illam egregiam quam (Aeschines) in Ctesiphontem contra Demosthenem dixerat,
id. ib. 3, 56, 213.—Of an address against the party, either in judicial or political affairs:c.unam orationem contra Gracchum reliquit,
Cic. Brut. 26, 99:(Demosthenis) oratio contra Leptinem... contra Aeschinem falsae legationis,
id. Or. 31, 111; Gell. 10, 24, 10; 10, 18, 91; Cic. Brut. 46, 169; Quint. 12, 10, 61; Cic. de Or. 2, 11, 45; id. Brut. 44, 164; Gell. 13, 25 (24), 15; cf. Quint. 4, 3, 13; 11, 2, 25.—Acc. to 1. f.:C.contra patres concitatio et seditio,
Cic. Brut. 14, 56.—Of animals:contra volpium genus communibus inimicitiis,
Plin. 10, 76, 96, § 207.With inanimate and abstract objects.1.Directly dependent on verbs (cf. B. 1.).a.Of physical or moral exertion:b.cum fulmina contra Tot paribus streperet clipeis,
Verg. A. 10, 567:pugnandum tamquam contra morbum, sic contra senectutem,
Cic. Sen. 11, 35:contra verum niti,
Sall. J. 35, 8:contra fortunam luctari,
Sen. Ben. 7, 15, 2; id. Brev. Vit. 10, 1; id. Ep. 78, 15; 99, 32; cf. Cic. Off. 1, 31, 110.—Of warfare (lit. and trop.):c.bellum contra aras, focos, vitam fortunasque gerere,
Cic. Phil. 3, 1, 1:bellum gerimus... contra arma verbis,
id. Fam. 12, 22, 1.—So of logical contradictions:artificis autem est invenire in actione adversarii quae semet ipsa pugnent,
Quint. 5, 13, 30.—Of legal contention.(α).Of the actions of the counsel or prosecutor: dicere, or perorare, agere contra aliquid, to plead against, contest something:(β).contra argumenta, rumores, tabulas, quaestiones (opp. ab argumentis, etc.),
Auct. Her. 2, 6, 9 sqq.; Cic. de Or. 2, 27, 118:contra ratiocinationem,
id. Inv. 2, 50, 153: contra scriptum dicere, to contest, controvert a written law or a document, id. ib. 2, 47, 138; 2, 48, 143; id. Brut. 39, 145; Quint. 7, 7, 1:contra caput dicere,
to plead against life, Cic. Quint. 13, 44 (cf.:servum in caput domini interrogare,
Paul. Sent. 1, 1, 34; 5, 16, 5 and 8; 5, 46, 3): contra libertatem agere, Dig. 40, 12, 26.—Pregn.:contra rerum naturam, contraque consuetudinem hominum dicere (opp. contra nos dicere),
Cic. Rosc. Am. 15, 45.—Of judicial decisions contradicting documents, etc.:(γ).contra tabulas judicare,
Cic. de Or. 2, 70, 281:contra testamentum,
Dig. 2, 17, § 1:contra sententiam dicere,
ib. 49, 8, 1, § 2.—Admittere aliquem contra bona, to admit a petition for bonorum possessio (cf.:d.inmittere in bona),
Dig. 38, 2, 3, § 6.—Of antagonism in literary and ethical questions.(α).To contend that something is false:(β).dicere, disputare, disserere contra opinionem or sententiam,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 4, 8; 5, 19, 55; id. de Or. 3, 18, 67; id. Fin. 5, 4, 10; id. Ac. 2, 18, 60; Sen. Ira, 1, 3, 3; id. Ep. 87, 5; 102, 5 (cf.:in sententiam dicere,
in support of an opinion, Caes. B. G. 1, 45):contra sensus dicere,
Cic. Ac. 2, 31, 101:contra rhetoricen dicere,
Quint. 2, 17, 40.—Of criticism, hostility to principles, etc.:(γ).contra Iliadem et Odysseam scribere,
Vitr. 7, praef. 8:contra quorum disciplinam ingenium ejus exarserat,
Cic. Tusc. 5, 29, 83.—Ethically:e.contra voluptatem dicere,
that pleasure is a moral evil, Cic. Fin. 5, 8, 21:contra mortem loqui,
that death is no evil, Sen. Ep. 82, 7;in both senses: contra vitia, pericula, fortunam, ambitionem,
id. ib. 100, 10:contra fortunam gloriari,
that fortune has no power over him, Cic. Tusc. 5, 9, 26; Sen. Ep. 26, 5.—Of public and political acts and speeches:f.contra potentiam accusatorum dicere,
Cic. Brut. 44, 164:contra legem dicere or verba facere,
id. Imp. Pomp. 15, 53; Liv. 34, 8, 1:rogationem ferre contra coloniam ( = contra legem de colonia deducenda),
Cic. Clu. 51, 140; Auct. Her. 1, 17, 21; Plin. 8, 17, 24, § 64.—Of hostility, injury, wrongs, etc.(α).In gen.:(β).senatusconsulto quod contra dignitatem tuam fieret,
directed against, Cic. Fam. 12, 29, 2:contra rem publicam se commovere,
id. Cat. 1, 26; 1, 3, 7:incitari,
id. Sest. 47, 100:consilia inire,
id. Agr. 2, 3, 8:conjurationem facere,
Sall. C. 30, 6:contra salutem urbis incitari,
Cic. Cat. 3, 8, 20:cogitare aliquid contra salutem,
id. ib. 3, 9, 21: contra voluntatem or studium dicere, to oppose one's will in a speech:esse aliquem in civitate qui contra ejus (Chrysogoni) voluntatem dicere auderet,
id. Rosc. Am. 22, 60; id. Phil. 1, 11, 28; id. de Or. 3, 34, 138; id. Mur. 4, 10; Tac. H. 2, 91:ne quid contra aequitatem contendas, ne quid pro injuria,
do not array yourself against equity, Cic. Off. 2, 20, 71.— Trop.:quis non contra Marii arma, contra Suliae proscriptionem irascitur? ( = Mario propter arma, Sullae propter proscriptionem),
Sen. Ira, 2, 2, 3.—In partic.: facere contra aliquid (syn. adversus), to commit an offence against, to transgress, etc.:2.si quis ad Antonium profectus esset... senatus existimaturum eum contra rem publicam fecisse,
Cic. Phil. 8, 11, 33; id. Mil. 5, 13; 6, 14; id. Off. 3, 10, 43; 3, 25, 95; S. C. ap. Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 8, 6; Liv. 25, 4, 7; so,contra salutem rei publicae facere,
Cic. Dom. 38, 102:contra majestatem,
against the emperor, Dig. 48, 4, 5:contra leges,
Cic. Dom. 18, 48; id. Vatin. 7, 18; id. Fin. 2, 17, 55; id. Mur. 32, 67; id. de Or. 3, 19, 70; cf. id. Clu. 34, 92; id. Mur. 32, 68; id. Dom. 14, 38; id. Phil. 10, 6, 13; Gai Inst. 4, 121:contra edictum (praetoris),
Cic. Verr 2, 3, 10, § 25; Dig. 39, 1, 20, § 1:contra foedus,
Cic. Balb. 6, 16:contra jusjurandum ac fidem,
id. Off. 3, 10, 43; id. Lael. 3, 30, 74; id. Verr. 2, 3, 3, § 7; Prop. 3, 30, 44 (2, 32, 44).—And ironically:tune contra Caesaris nutum (sc. facies)?
Cic. Att. 14, 10, 1.—Rarely contra ea facere = contra facere, adverb. (cf. I. B. 8. and II. E. 1. b.):corpus in civitatem inferri non licet... et qui contra ea fecerit, extra ordinem punitur,
Paul. Sent. 1, 21, 2; 1, 21, 12.—Predicatively with esse (usu. impers.), in violation of, in conflict with, contrary to (cf. 3. g).(α).With esse expressed as the predicate:(β).hominem hominis incommodo suum augere commodum magis est contra naturam quam mors,
Cic. Off. 3, 5, 21; id. Fin. 3, 9, 31; id. N. D. 3, 13, 33; Sen. Ep. 5, 4; Plin. 7, 8, 6, § 45:contra leges or legem est,
Cic. Pis. 13, 30; id. Mur. 32, 67:contra officium est,
id. Off. 3, 10, 43; 1, 10, 32; 1, 6, 19; cf. id. Lael. 11, 39; id. Off. 3, 15, 63; Liv. 6, 40, 5; Sen. Q. N. 2, 37, 2; Gai Inst. 3, 157; Dig. 30, 1, 112, § 3; 16, 3, 1, § 7.—With ellipsis of object (naturam), Cic. Fin. 5, 29, 89; cf.:adeo res ista non habet ullam moram quae contra causas ignium sit,
unfavorable to the formation of fire, Sen. Q. N. 2, 26, 7.—With verbal predicate, referring to an indef. pron. or adj., with esse understood:(γ).scis hunc... nihil umquam contra rem tuam cogitasse ( = nihil quod contra rem tuam esset),
Cic. Rosc. Am. 50, 147; id. Mil. 5, 13:aliquid contra animum audiendi,
something against our liking, Sen. Const. 19, 2.—So mostly with facere:si quid Socrates aut Aristippus contra morem consuetudinemque fecerint,
Cic. Off. 1, 41, 148; id. Att. 3, 23, 2; 2, 22, 2; id. Off. 3, 15, 63; Sall. C. 15, 1; Dig. 8, 2, 11; 8, 2, 17; 35, 1, 79, § 2. —Contra officium, substantively, = id quod contra officium est:3.Sic inter recte factum atque peccatum, officium et contra officium, media locabat quaedam,
Cic. Ac. 1, 10, 37.—Adverbially with the predicate.(α).In order to oppose, in opposition to, with hostile intent (cf. B. 3.):(β).eidem illam proscriptionem capitis mei contra salutem rei publicae rogatam esse dicebant,
that the proposal of the law was an attack on the republic, Cic. Prov. Cons. 19, 45; id. Rab. Perd. 12, 35; id. Phil. 10, 10, 22:imperator contra postulata Bocchi nuntios mittit,
to reply to the demands, Sall. J. 83, 3; 25, 6; so,advocare contra,
Sen. Cons. Polyb. 12, 4; id. Ep. 15, 2, 52:si contra mortem te praeparaveris,
to meet death, id. ib. 11, 3, 8.—With the force of a clause of manner, injuriously to, etc.:(γ).quibus contra valetudinis commodum laborandum est,
Cic. Mur. 23, 47; Suet. Aug. 78:contra hominis salutem,
with danger to a man's life, Cod. Just. 7, 62, 29.—In gen., of conflict with some rule or principle, contrary to, in violation of, without regard to ( = ita ut contra sit; cf. 2. supra; very freq. from the class. period;4.syn. adversus): ceperitne pecunias contra leges P. Decius,
Cic. de Or. 2, 31, 136; id. Verr. 2, 1, 4, § 10; id. Fl. 34, 86:pecuniam contra leges auferre,
id. Verr. 1, 18, 56; 2, 1, 10, § 27; 2, 5, 18, § 46; id. Har. Resp. 26, 56:contra legem,
id. Rab. Perd. 3, 8; id. Dom. 16, 41:contra jus fasque,
id. Har. Resp. 16, 34; id. Quint. 6, 28:contra jus,
Liv. 5, 4, 14; id. Dom. 13, 55; id. Verr. 2, 5, 13, § 34:contra jus gentium,
Liv. 4, 32, 5; 9, 10, 10; 21, 25, 7; 5, 36, 6;6, 1, 6: contra juris rigorem,
Dig. 40, 5, 24, § 10 et saep.:contra testimonium aliquid judicare,
without regard to, Cic. Brut. 31, 117:aliquid contra verecundiam disputare,
contrary to the rules of decency, id. Off. 1, 35, 128:aliquid contra fidem constituere,
Quint. 5, 13, 34:quae majores nostri contra lubidinem animi sui recte atque ordine fecere,
contrary to the dictates of passion, Sall. C. 51, 4; id. J. 33, 1; cf. of logical opposition, II. E. 2. infra.—Dependent on substt.a.Of physical strife:b.scit ille imparem sibi luctatum contra nexus (draconis),
Plin. 8, 12, 12, § 33. —Of warfare:c.imperatorum copia contra tuum furorem,
Cic. Mur. 39, 83:Parthorum gloria contra nomen Romanum,
Liv. 9, 18, 6: in castris perditorum contra patriam, Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 23, 6.—Of legal contention:d.causa contra scriptum,
Cic. Inv. 2, 46, 135.—Of political speaking:e.divina M. Tullii eloquentia contra leges agrarias,
Quint. 2, 16, 7; 9, 3, 50; Gell. 18, 7, 7.—Of literary opposition:f.Caesaris vituperatio contra laudationem meam,
Cic. Att. 12, 40, 1.—Of hostility, etc.:g.cujus factum, inceptum, conatumve contra patriam,
Cic. Cat. 2, 12, 27:ullum factum dictumve nostrum contra utilitatem vestram,
Liv. 6, 40, 5.—Of injury:h.vitae cupiditas contra rem publicam,
Cic. Planc. 37, 90: contra serpentes venenum, fatal to serpents, or as a defence against serpents, Plin. 7, 2, 2, § 15.—Of violation, disregard, etc. (cf. 3. g):5.iter contra senatus auctoritatem,
Cic. Phil. 2, 19, 48:contra consuetudinem somnium,
Plin. 10, 77, 98, § 211:bonorum possessio contra tabulas,
Dig. 37, 4, 3, § 13; Gai Inst. 3, 41.—Dependent on adjectives (very rare; cf.D.II. D. 2. c. infra): contraque patris impii regnum impotens, avum resolvam,
Sen. Herc. Fur. 966.Of defence, protection, and resistance (syn.: adversus, ab).1.Against persons.a.Dependent on verbs:b.cum populus Romanus suam auctoritatem vel contra omnes qui dissentiunt possit defendere,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 22, 63: si ego consul rem publicam [p. 457] contra te et gregales tuos defendissem, id. Sest. 52, 111; 22, 49; 8, 20; id. Fam. 11, 27, 7; id. Phil. 2, 18, 45:contra quem multum omnes boni providerunt,
provided a great defence, id. Mur. 38, 81: formula qua utitur patronus contra libertum qui eum in jus vocat, as a defence against, Gai Inst. 4, 46. —And of protection of plants against injurious animals:contra haec animalia proderit, si, etc.,
Pall. 10, 3, 2.—Dependent on adjectives, mostly participial:2.paratus contra,
Cic. Mil. 21, 56:nihil satis firmum contra Metellum,
Sall. J. 80, 1:contra potentes nemo est munitus satis,
Phaedr. 2, 6, 1.—Against inanimate and abstract things.a.Dependent on verbs:b.contra avium morsus munitur vallo aristarum,
Cic. Sen. 15, 51:propugnaculum, quo contra omnes meos impetus usurum se putat,
id. Verr. 2, 3, 16, § 40; 2, 5, 39, § 102:publicam causam contra vim armatam suscipere,
id. Dom. 34, 91; id. Quint. 30, 94; id. Leg. 3, 3, 9:contra tantas difficultates providere,
Sall. J. 90, 1; 76, 4; so,contra ea,
id. ib. 57, 5:patricii vi contra vim resistunt,
Liv. 3, 13, 4; Plin. 14, 2, 4, § 28; Tac. Agr. 45; Sen. Prov. 4, 12; id. Const. 5, 4.—Dependent on substt.:c.suffragia contra oppugnationem vestrae majestatis,
Cic. Rab. Perd. 12, 35:defensio contra vim,
id. Mil. 5, 14:patronus justitiae fuit contra orationem Phili,
id. Lael. 7, 25; Plin. 29, 2, 9, § 30; 14, 3, 4, § 40:contra labores patientia,
id. 23, 1, 22, § 37.—Dependent on adjectives (in Cic. freq. with P. a. predicatively used; otherwise very rare;3.in later prose freq.): nec est quidquam Cilicia contra Syriam munitius,
against an attack from the side of Syria, Cic. Fam. 14, 4, 4:ut nullius res tuta, nullius domus clausa, nullius vita saepta, nullius pudicitia munita contra tuam cupiditatem posset esse,
id. Verr. 2, 5, 15, § 39; id. Fin. 1, 16, 51; id. Mil. 25, 67; id. Tusc. 5, 8, 19; 5, 27, 76:vir contra audaciam firmissimus,
id. Rosc. Am. 30, 85; Sall. J. 33, 2; 28, 5:fortis contra dolorem,
Sen. Ep. 98, 18; Quint. 12, 1, 10:callosus,
Plin. 11, 37, 54, § 147; 14, 2, 4, § 23:far contra hiemes firmissimum,
id. 18, 8, 19, § 83:equus tenax contra vincula,
Ov. Am. 3, 4, 13:contraque minantia fata pervigil,
Claud. I. Cons. Stil. 1, 284.—Of remedies against sickness and its causes, poison, etc.; so only in Plin.; in Pall. only of preventives and of protection against hurtful animals, and against mental perturbations in gen.; cf. infra (syn. ad in Cat., Cic., Cels., Col.; adversus only in Celsus, who also has in with abl.).(α).Dependent on verbs:(β).cujus et vinum et uva contra serpentium ictus medetur,
Plin. 14, 18, 22, § 117; 7, 2, 2, § 13:prodest et contra suspiria et tussim,
id. 20, 13, 50, § 128:valet potum contra venena,
id. 28, 7, 21, § 74; 29, 4, 22, § 71; 29, 4, 26, § 81; 28, 8, 27, § 98; 16, 37, 71, § 180; 35, 6, 14, § 34; 28, 6, 18, §§ 65-67.—Dependent on substt.:(γ).remedium contra morsus,
Plin. 8, 32, 50, § 118; 10, 59, 79, § 163:contra venena esse omnia remedio,
id. 16, 44, 95, § 251; 17, 24, 37, § 240; 7, 1, 1, § 4.—Dependent on adjectives:(δ).vinum quod salutare contra pestilentiam sit,
Pall. 11, 14, 17.—Appositively, as a remedy:E.cujus lacteum succum miris laudibus celebrat... contra serpentes et venena,
Plin. 5, 1, 1, § 16; 29, 4, 26, § 83. —So of remedies against affections:Tiberium tonante caelo coronari ea (lauro) solitum ferunt contra fulminum metus,
Plin. 15, 30, 40, § 135; cf. Sen. Ira, 2, 21, 1; id. Tranq. 5. 1.Of logical opposition.1.With a neuter demonstrative (contra ea, contra haec, contra quae, quod contra = contra, adv.).a.The contrary, the reverse (very rare; cf.b.I. D. 1.): sed mihi contra ea videtur,
but to me the contrary seems true, Sall. J. 85, 1:omnia quae contra haec sunt, omnia quae contra sunt,
and vice versa, Quint. 5, 10, 90. —Contra ea, on the contrary, in logical antithesis (not in Cic. and Sall.; once in Caes. and Quint.; several times in Liv. and Nep.; cf.: contra ea, in other uses, II. A. 2. e. a, II. D. 2. a., II. A. 3. d., II. C. 1. f.):c.omnes arderent cupiditate pugnandi... contra ea Caesar... spatiumque interponendum... putabat ( = at contra),
but Caesar on the contrary, Caes. B. C. 3, 74: superbe ab Samnitibus... legati prohibiti commercio sunt;contra ea benigne ab Siculorum tyrannis adjuti,
Liv. 4, 52, 6; 2, 60, 1; 21, 20, 6;44, 43, 5: pater... Thracem me genuit, contra ea mater Atheniensem,
Nep. Iphicr. 3, 4; id. praef. 6; id. Alcib. 8, 1.—And after a question, with immo (cf. I. E. 5. b.):an infirmissimi omnium... (sumus)? Immo contra ea vel viribus nostris, vel, etc., tuti (sumus),
Liv. 41, 24, 8.—Quod contra, by anastrophe (v. F. 1.), contrary to which, whereas, while on the contrary (only once in Lucr. and three times in Cic.):2.illud in his rebus vereor ne forte rearis, Inpia te rationis inire elementa viamque indugredi sceleris: quod contra saepius illa Religio peperit scelerosa atque impia facta,
whereas on the contrary, Lucr. 1, 81:cujus a me corpus crematum est, quod contra decuit ab illo meum (sc. cremari),
Cic. Sen. 23, 84:quod contra oportebat delicto dolere, correctione gaudere,
id. Lael. 24, 90 (B. and K. place a comma after oportebat; cf.Nauck ad loc.): reliquum est ut eum nemo judicio defenderit: quod contra copiosissime defensum esse contendi,
id. Quint. 28, 87 (many consider contra in all these passages as an adverb; cf. Hand, Turs. II. p. 121 sq.; some explain quod as an ancient ablative, = qua re;v. Ritschl,
Plaut. Exc. p. 57, Munro ad Lucr. 1, 82).—With an abstract noun, with the force of the adverb contra with ac or atque (I. F. 1.), contrary to, contrary to what, etc. (esp. in Sall., not in Cic.; cf. praeter): celeriter contraque omnium opinionem confecto itinere, contrary to the opinion ( = contra ac rati erant), Caes. B. G. 6, 30:F.contra opinionem Jugurthae ad Thalam perveniunt,
Sall. J. 75, 9; Hirt. B. G. 8, 40.—Contra spem either contrary to the opinion, or against the hope:Metellus contra spem suam laetissume excipitur ( = contra ac ratus, veritus est),
Sall. J. 88, 1; so,cetera contra spem salva invenit,
Liv. 9, 23, 17:contra spem omnium L. Furium optavit,
id. 6, 25, 5; Curt. 8, 4, 45;but: at Jugurtha contra spem nuntio accepto ( = contra ac speraverat),
Sall. J. 28, 1; Liv. 24, 45, 3:postquam... Jugurtha contra timorem animi praemia sceleris adeptum sese videt,
Sall. J. 20, 1:ipse in Numidiam procedit, ubi contra belli faciem tuguria plena hominumque... erant ( = contra ac in bello evenire solet),
id. ib. 46, 5:contra famam,
Plin. 13, 22, 43, § 126; 7, 53, 54, § 180:segniterque et contra industriam absconditae formicae,
slowly, and in a manner different from their usual activity, id. 18, 35, 88, § 364.—Of persons:frigidam potionem esse debere, contra priores auctores, Asclepiades confirmavit,
contrary to the opinion of the former physicians, Cels. 4, 26 (19).Sometimes by anastrophe after its noun.1.In prose, after relatives, esp. in Cic.:2.quos contra disputant,
Cic. Ac. 2, 15, 47:quem contra dicit,
id. Phil. 2, 8, 18 (v. II. B. 1. f.):quem contra veneris,
id. Mur. 4, 9:quas contra, praeter te, etc.,
id. Vatin. 7, 18:eos ipsos quos contra statuas,
id. Or. 10, 34:quos contra me senatus armavit,
id. Att. 10, 8, 8:quam contra multa locutus est,
Sen. Ep. 82, 7, Plin. Ep. 1, 23, 3; Claud. in Rufin. 1, 332; v. also E. 1. c. supra.—After other words ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose):hunc igitur contra mittam contendere causam,
Lucr. 4, 471:dicere eos contra,
id. 4, 484:donique eum contra,
id. 5, 708:agmina contra,
Verg. A. 12, 279:magnum Alciden contra,
id. ib. 5, 414:Paridem contra,
id. ib. 5, 370:Italiam contra,
id. ib. 1, 13:deos contra,
Ov. P. 1, 1, 26:Messania moenia contra,
id. M. 14, 17:litora Calabriae contra,
Tac. A. 3, 1. -
5 compono
com-pōno ( conp-), posui (COMPOSEIVERVNT, C. I. L. 1, 199, 2), positum (compostus, Plaut. Mil. 4, 7, 21 Lorenz; Verg. A. 1, 249; Lucil. ap. Cic. de Or. 3, 43, 171; Varr ap. Sen. Ep. 56, 6), 3, v. a., to put, place, lay, bring or set together, to unite, join, connect, collect, aggregate, compose, to order, arrange, adjust, etc. (class. and very freq.).I.In gen., of different objects.A. 1.Of things in gen.:b.aridum lignum,
Hor. C. 3, 17, 14:composita fronde,
Prop. 1, 20, 22:uvas in tecto in cratibus,
Cato, R. R. 112, 2:in quo (loco) erant ea conposita, quibus rex te numerare constituerat,
Cic. Deiot. 6, 17:(amomum) manipulatim leniter componitur,
Plin. 12, 13, 28, § 48:amphoras in culleum,
Cato, R. R. 113, 2:ligna in caminum,
id. ib. 37, 5.—To bring into contact, fit together, join:c.quid... in operibus manu factis tam compositum tamque compactum et coagmentatum inveniri potest?
Cic. Fin. 3, 22, 74: cum poclo bibo eodem, amplector, labra labellis conpono, Lucil. ap. Non. p. 260, 28:tum latus conponit lateri et cum pectore pectus,
id. ib. p. 260, 30:conponens manibusque manus atque ori bus ora,
Verg. A. 8, 486:Mercurio Sais fertur Virgineum conposuisse latus,
Prop. 2, 2, 12; cf.caput,
Tib. 1, 5, 8.—Hence, of broken limbs, etc., med. t. t., to set:ossa,
Cels. 8, 10, 2:jugulum,
id. 8, 8, 8 et saep.—Esp., to pack up for a journey, etc.:2.omnia composta sunt quae donavi,
Plaut. Mil. 4, 7, 21:i ergo intro et compone quae tecum simul Ferantur,
Ter. Hec. 4, 3, 5:dum tota domus raeda componitur una,
Juv. 3, 10.—Of persons:B.is (Saturnus) genus indocile ac dispersum montibus altis Composuit,
Verg. A. 8, 322:et tabula una duos poterit componere amantes,
Prop. 2, 26, 33 (3, 22, 13); cf. II. C. 5. infra.—To set in opposition.1.To bring together in hostility, to oppose, to couple, pair, match in combat (cf. compositio, III.); esp. of gladiators, etc.: Samnis, spurcus homo, cum Pacideiano conponitur, optimus multo Post homines natos gladiator qui fuit unus, Lucil. Sat. ap. Non. p. 257, 18; cf. Cic. Opt. Gen. 6, 17:2.Rupili et Persi par pugnat, uti non Compositum melius cum Bitho Bacchius,
Hor. S. 1, 7, 20 Orell. ad loc.:staturam habere Threcis cum Threce conpositi,
Sen. Q. N. 4, praef. 8;and in gen.: si quis casus duos inter se bonos viros composuerit,
Quint. 2, 17, 34:cuive virum mallem memet componere,
Sil. 10, 70:componimur Vecordi Decio,
id. 11, 212:hunc fatis,
id. 1, 39:cum ventis, pelagique furentibus undis Composuit mortale genus,
Luc. 3, 196;and fig.: pergis pugnantia secum Frontibus adversis componere,
Hor. S. 1, 1, 103:ecce par deo dignum, vir fortis cum fortuna mala conpositus,
Sen. Prov. 1, 2, 9:non illa (rhetorice) secum ipsa componitur,
Quint. 2, 17, 33;and of a judicial contest: accita Epicharis et cum indice composita,
confronted, Tac. A. 15, 51; 16, 10.—To oppose by way of comparison, to compare, contrast.(α).With acc. and dat.: quid est, cur componere ausis mihi te aut me tibi? Att. ap. Non. p. 257, 15 (Trag. Rel. v. 147 Rib.):(β).nec divis homines componier aequom'st,
Cat. 68, 141: composita dicta evolvunt, Quae cum componas, dicta factis discrepant, Att. ap. Non. p. 260, 21 (Trag. Rel. v. 48 Rib.):si parva licet conponere magnis,
Verg. G. 4, 176:parvis conponere magna solebam,
id. E. 1, 23; Ov. M. 5, [p. 392] 416:audes cladi componere nostrae, Nympha, tuam?
id. ib. 15, 530:divinis humana,
Aus. Ecl. 1, 10.—With acc. and cum:II.ubi Metelli dicta cum factis conposuit,
Sall. J. 48, 1: causam suam cum causa adversarii. Quint. 7, 2, 22.In partic.A.Of the parts of a whole, or of a whole as made up of parts.1. (α).With ex:(β).exercitus ejus conpositus ex variis gentibus,
Sall. J. 18, 3:genus humanum ex corpore et anima conpositum,
id. ib. 2, 1:liber ex alienis orationibus compositus,
Cic. Div. in Caecil. 14, 47:antidoton... ex multis atque interim contrariis quoque inter se effectibus,
Quint. 1, 10, 6:ex quo (umore) componi debet (medicamentum),
Cels. 6, 7, 1 fin. —With abl.:(γ).mensam gramine,
Sil. 15, 51.—With acc. alone:2.medicamentum,
Col. 6, 4, 1; Scrib. Comp. 10.—Esp., of buildings, etc., to construct, build:3.qui cuncta conposuit,
i. e. the Creator, Cic. Univ. 13:urbem,
Verg. A. 3, 387:illa (templa) deis,
Ov. F. 1, 708 Burm. ad loc.:aggere conposito tumuli,
Verg. A. 7, 6:deletas Thebas,
Prop. 2, 6, 5.—Of words, to compound:4.vitilitigatores ex vitiis et litigatoribus, Plin. praef. § 32: verba composita (opp. simplicia),
Quint. 1, 5, 3.—Of writings, speeches, etc.a.To compose, write, construct (very freq.):b.leges,
Lucr. 4, 966:compone hoc, quod postulo, de argento: de reliquo videro,
Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 16, § 36:quartum librum,
id. de Or. 2, 55, 224:libros,
id. Fam. 16, 20; Plin. Ep. 9, 9, 1:libellos,
Quint. 12, 8, 5:actiones,
Cic. Att. 6, 1, 8; Quint. 11, 3, 68:argumentum,
Cic. Att. 15, 4, 3:edictum eis verbis,
id. Verr. 2, 1, 45, § 116:edictum eorum arbitratu,
id. ib. 2, 1, 46, §119: artes,
books of instruction, id. Brut. 12, 48; id. Ac. 2, 13, 40:artificium,
id. de Or. 2, 19, 83:commentarium consulatus mei,
id. Att. 1, 19, 10; Quint. 1, 8, 19:quarum (litterarum) exemplum,
Cic. Agr. 2, 20, 53:quandam disciplinae formulam,
id. Ac. 1, 4, 17:stipulationum et judiciorum formulas,
id. Leg. 1, 4, 14:interdictum,
id. Caecin. 21, 59:poema,
id. ad Q. Fr. 3, 1, 4; cf. Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 77; Ov. Tr. 5, 12, 60:senatus consultum,
Cic. Fam. 10, 22, 2:testimonium,
id. Att. 15, 15, 1:verba ad religionem deorum immortalium,
id. Dom. 47, 124:de judicialibus causis aliqua,
Quint. 3, 6, 104:aliquid de ratione dicendi, id. prooem. 1: quae de ortu vitaque Scapulae composita erant,
Tac. A. 16, 14:Apion... inmortalitate donari a se scripsit ad quos aliqua conponebat, Plin. praef. § 25: carmen,
Cic. Mur. 12, 26:carmina,
Tac. Or. 12; id. A. 3, 49:epistulas,
id. ib. 2, 70:litteras nomine Marcelli,
Liv. 27, 28, 4; Tac. A. 11, 20:orationem habere ad conciliandos plebis animos conpositam,
Liv. 1, 35, 2:blanditias tremula voce,
Tib. 1, 2, 91:meditata manu verba trementi,
Ov. M. 9, 521:versus,
Hor. S. 1, 4, 8:mollem versum,
Prop. 1, 7, 19:cantus,
Tib. 1, 2, 53:in morem annalium,
Tac. Or. 22:orationes adversus aliquem,
id. ib. 37:litteras ad aliquem,
id. A. 15, 8; 14, 22:probra in Gaium,
id. ib. 6, 9;14, 50: multa et atrocia in Macronem,
id. ib. 6, 44 (38) et saep.—Transf., of the subjects, etc., treated, to write about, treat, celebrate:B.tuas laudes,
Tib. 4, 1, 35:res gestas,
Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 251:tempora Iliaca,
Vell. 1, 3, 2:bellum Troicum,
id. 1, 5, 3:Juli Africani vitam componendo, spem hominibus fecisti plurium ejus modi librorum,
Tac. Or. 14:veteres populi Romani res,
id. A. 4, 32:Neronis res,
id. ib. 1, 1; 11, 11.—From the notion of closing.1.To put away, put aside, put in place:2.armamentis conplicandis, conponendis studuimus,
i. e. folding up the sails and lowering the masts, Plaut. Merc. 1, 2, 80:(tempus) ad componenda armamenta expediendumque remigem,
Liv. 26, 39, 8:vela contrahit malosque inclinat et simul armamenta componens, etc.,
id. 36, 44, 2:arma,
Hor. C. 4, 14, 52:tristes istos conpone libellos,
put aside, Prop. 1, 9, 13.—To store up, put away, collect:3.nec... Aut conponere opes norant aut parcere parto,
Verg. A. 8, 317:ego conposito securus acervo Despiciam dites,
Tib. 1, 1, 77;so fig.: condo et compono quae mox depromere possim,
Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 12.— So esp. to preserve, pack, put up fruits, meat, etc., for future use:pernas,
Cato, R. R. 162, 12:tergora (suis),
Col. 12, 55, 2: siccatos coliculos, id. 12, 9, 1:caepam in fidelia,
id. 12, 10, 2:herbas,
id. 12, 13, 2:poma,
id. 12, 47, 5:olivas,
Pall. Nov. 22, 5:herbam olla nova,
Scrib. Comp. 60:faenum,
Dig. 19, 2, 11, § 4:fructus in urceis, capsellis,
ib. 33, 7, 12, §1.—Of the ashes or remains of the dead, to adjust, lay out, to collect and inurn, inter, bury:4. a.tu mea conpones et dices, ossa, Properti, Haec tua sunt,
Prop. 2, 24, 35 (3, 19, 19):cinerem,
Ov. F. 3, 547:cinerem ossaque,
Val. Fl. 7, 203:sic ego conponi versus in ossa velim,
Tib. 3, 2, 26.—Hence, in gen., of persons, to bury:quem... prope cognatos conpositum cineres,
Cat. 68, 98:omnes composui (meos),
Hor. S. 1, 9, 28:compositi busta avi,
Ov. F. 5, 426:Pisonem Verania uxor... T. Vinium Crispina filia composuere,
Tac. H. 1, 47:componi tumulo eodem,
Ov. M. 4, 157:toro Mortua componar,
id. ib. 9, 504:alto Conpositus lecto,
Pers. 3, 104:aliquem terra,
Sil. 9, 95.—Of things: omnia noctis erant placida composta quiete, Varr. Atac. ap. Sen. Contr. 3, 16:b.cum mare compositum est,
Ov. A. A. 3, 259:aquas,
id. H. 13, 136:fessum tumentes Composuit pelagus ventis patientibus undas,
Luc. 5, 702.—Of persons:5.nec vigilantibus, sed etiam quiete compositis,
Quint. 11, 2, 5:ubi jam thalamis se conposuere,
Verg. G. 4, 189:defessa membra,
id. ib. 4, 438:si bene conpositus somno vinoque jacebit,
Ov. Am. 1, 4, 53.—To end strife, confusion, etc., to compose, pacify, allay, settle, calm, appease, quiet, tranquillize, reconcile, etc., that which is disturbed or at variance.a.With personal object:b.aversos amicos,
Hor. S. 1, 5, 29:ceteros clementia,
Tac. A. 12, 55:comitia praetorum,
id. ib. 14, 28; id. H. 1, 85:juvenes concitatos,
Quint. 1, 10, 32; cf.:barbarum animos,
Tac. A. 14, 39:gentem,
Sil. 17, 356.—Esp. of the mind:prima (pars philosophiae) conponit animum,
Sen. Ep. 89, 9:argumentum conpositae mentis,
id. ib. 2, 1; Cels. 3, 18; Sil. 11, 352:mentem somno,
id. 3, 162:religio saevas componit mentis,
id. 13, 317.—Of places, countries, etc.:c.C. Caesar componendae Armeniae deligitur,
Tac. A. 2, 4:Campaniam,
id. H. 4, 3:Daciam,
id. ib. 3, 53.—With abstr. or indef. objects:d.si possum hoc inter vos conponere,
Plaut. Curc. 5, 3, 23; cf.:vides, inter nos sic haec potius cum bona Ut componamus gratia quam cum mala?
Ter. Phorm. 4, 3, 17:gaudens conponi foedere bellum,
Verg. A. 12, 109; so,bellum,
Sall. J. 97, 2; Nep. Hann. 6, 2; id. Alcib. 8, 3; Vell. 2, 25, 1; Asin. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 33, 3:bella,
Tac. A. 3, 56:cum vellet pro communi amico controversias regum componere,
Caes. B. C. 3, 109:uti per colloquia omnes controversiae componantur,
id. ib. 1, 9 fin.:curas,
Verg. A. 4, 341; Sil. 12, 682:lites,
Verg. E. 3, 108:seditionem civilem,
Suet. Caes. 4:statum Orientis,
id. Calig. 1:Romanus Ardeae turbatas seditione res... composuit,
Liv. 4, 10, 6; 3, 53, 1:legatorum res et bello turbatas,
id. 45, 16, 2:res Germanicas,
Suet. Vit. 9:discordias,
Tac. H. 4, 50:compositis praesentibus,
id. A. 1, 45:odia et certamina,
id. ib. 15, 2.—Less freq. transf., with the result as object:pacem componi volo Meo patri cum matre,
Plaut. Merc. 5, 2, 113:si pax cum Carthaginiensibus componi nequisset,
Liv. 30, 40, 13:at me conposita pace fefellit Amor,
Prop. 2, 2, 2:pax circa Brundusium composita,
Vell. 2, 75, 3:pacem cum Pyrrho,
Just. 18, 2, 6; cf. D. 2. infra.—Absol.:C. 1.coheredes mei conponere et transigere cupiebant,
Plin. Ep. 5, 1, 7; and so impers. pass.:posteaquam id quod maxime volui fieri non potuit, ut componeretur,
Cic. Rosc. Am. 47, 136:Pompei summam esse... voluntatem, ut componeretur atque ab armis discederetur,
Caes. B. C. 3, 16.—In gen., to arrange, adjust, order, set in order:2.aulaeis se superbis Aurea sponda, of one's attitude on a couch,
Verg. A. 1, 697:ad ictum militaris gladii conposita cervice,
Sen. Cons. Marc. 26, 2:diductis aedificia angulis vidimus moveri iterumque conponi,
id. Q. N. 6, 30, 4:si ad rem pertinet, quomodo caelo adfecto conpositisque sideribus quodque animal oriatur,
Cic. Div. 2, 47, 98:tibi enim gratias agebat, quod signa componenda suscepisses,
id. Att. 4, 9, 1.—Esp., milit. t. t.:3.se ad confligendum, Sisenn. ap. Non p. 257, 13: exercitum in hibernaculis, Sali J. 103, 1: in secunda (acie) cohortis, id. H. inc. Fragm. 44 Dietsch: stabant conpositi suis quisque ordinibus (opp. incompositi),
Liv. 44, 38, 11:conpositi numero in turmas,
Verg. A. 11, 599:cunctos licentia vagos compositus invadit = compositis ordinibus,
Tac. H. 4, 35:agmen,
id. ib. 2, 89; 5, 1; id. A. 12, 16:ordines,
id. H. 4, 33:vagos paventesque Vitellianos, sua quemque apud signa, componunt,
id. ib. 3, 35:pugnae exercitum,
id. A. 13, 40:auxilia in numerum legionis,
id. ib. 2, 80 Nipp. ad loc.:equitem per turmas,
id. ib. 15, 29:insidias in montibus,
Just. 1, 3, 11.—Of the order of words in language: quam lepide lexeis compostae! ut tesserulae omnes Arte pavimento atque emblemate vermiculato, Lucil. ap. Cic. de Or. 3, 43, 171; id. ap. Cic. Or. 44, 149; cf. id. ib. sq.:4.ut aptior sit oratio, ipsa verba compone,
id. Brut. 17, 68.—With reference to orderly appearance, etc., of the clothing, hair; the expression of the countenance, etc., to lay, smooth, adjust:5.suon quisque loco'st? Vide capillum, satin compositu'st commode?
Plaut. Most. 1, 3, 97:composito et delibuto capillo,
Cic. Rosc. Am. 46, 135:comas,
Ov. R. Am. 679:crines,
Verg. G. 4, 417:ne turbarentur comae, quas componi, etc.,
Quint. 11, 3, 148:togam,
to lay in proper folds, Hor. S. 2, 3, 77; Quint. 11, 3, 156; cf.:nec tamen ante adiit... Quam se composuit, quam circumspexit amictus,
Ov. M. 4, 318:pulvinum facili manu,
id. A. A. 1, 160; cf.torum,
id. F. 3, 484:jam libet componere voltus,
id. M. 13, 767:vultu composito, ne laeti excessu principis, etc.,
Tac. A. 1, 7; Plin. Ep. 3, 16, 5; cf.:(Tiberius) compositus ore,
id. ib. 2, 34:vultum natura horridum... efferabat, componens ad speculum in omnem terrorem,
distorting, Suet. Calig. 50.—In gen., to adjust, arrange, regulate, for the expression of something, or to accord with something; usu. ad aliquid:D.ad abstinentiam rursus, non secus ac modo ad balineum animum vultumque conposui,
Plin. Ep. 7, 1, 6:orationis ipsius vultus ad id, quod efficere intendimus, compositus,
Quint. 9, 1, 21:utraque manu ad modum aliquid portantium composita,
id. 11, 3, 120:ge. stum oratoris ad similitudinem saltationis,
id. 1, 11, 19:figuram ad imitationem alterius scripturae,
id. 9, 2, 34:nec ad votum composita civitas,
Tac. Or. 41:cuncta ad decorem inperi conposita,
id. H. 1, 71:cunctis ad tristitiam conpositis,
id. A. 3, 1. —Less freq. with dat.:voltus conponere famae Taedet,
to adapt, Tib. 4, 7, 9:venturis carbasa ventis,
Luc. 3, 596:me quoque mittendis rectum componite telis,
id. 3, 717. —With in:Nero itinera urbis... veste servili in dissimulationem sui compositus pererrabat,
disguised, made up, Tac. A. 13, 25. —To bring to a particular form or condition, to dispose, arrange, set in order, contrive, devise, prepare.(α).With acc.:(β).ego itinera sic composueram, ut Nonis Quinctilibus Puteolis essem,
Cic. Att. 15, 26, 3:quod adest memento Componere aequus,
Hor. C. 3, 29, 33:conposita atque constituta re publica,
Cic. Leg. 3, 18, 42:necdum compositis maturisve satis consiliis,
Liv. 4, 13, 5:(diem) totum in consideranda causa componendaque posuisse,
Cic. Brut. 22, 87:tempus in cognoscendis componendisque causis consumere,
id. Or. 42, 143:ex sententia omnibus rebus paratis conpositisque,
Sall. J. 43, 5; 94, 1:in senatu cuncta longis aliorum principatibus composita statim decernuntur,
Tac. H. 2, 55:dum quae forent firmando Neronis imperio componuntur,
id. A. 12, 68.—With ad or in and acc. of the purpose for which, or the example according to which, etc.:2.cum alteri placeat auspicia ista ad utilitatem esse rei publicae conposita,
Cic. Leg. 2, 13, 32:omnia ad voluptatem multitudinis inperitae,
Quint. 10, 1, 43:animum ad omnes casus,
id. 12, 9, 20; Val. Fl. 1, 321:satis igitur in hoc nos componet multa scribendi exercitatio,
Quint. 9, 4, 114:cultum victumque non ad nova exempla conponere, sed ut majorum mores suadent,
Sen. Tranq. 9, 2. —To arrange in agreement with others, to agree upon, contrive, devise, invent, conspire to make, etc.(α).In gen.: eum allegaverunt, suom qui servom diceret Cum auro esse apud me: conposita est fallacia, [p. 393] Ut, etc., Plaut. Poen. 3, 5, 29:(β).quin jam virginem Despondi: res composita'st,
Ter. Ad. 4, 7, 17:ita causa componitur, ut item palaestritae Bidini peterent ab Epicrate hereditatem,
Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 22, § 54:societatem praedarum cum latronibus conposuisse,
Sall. H. 4, 11 Dietsch:crimen ab inimicis Romae conpositum,
Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 61, § 141:conpositis inter se rebus,
Sall. J. 66, 2:ita conposito dolo digrediuntur,
id. ib. 111, 4:conposito jam consilio,
Liv. 3, 53, 3: ceteri proditores ea quae composita erant exspectabant;convenerat autem, etc.,
id. 25, 9, 8:sub noctem susurri Composita repetantur hora,
Hor. C. 1, 9, 20:ictum jam foedus, et omnes Conpositae leges,
Verg. A. 12, 315:compositis notis,
Tib. 1, 2, 22:crimen ac dolum ultro,
Tac. H. 1, 34:proditionem,
id. ib. 2, 100:seditionem,
id. ib. 4, 14:insidias,
id. ib. 5, 22; id. A. 12, 54; 13, 47: pacem componere, v. B. 5. supra.—With rel.-clause:(γ).cum summa concordia, quos dimitterent, quos retinerent, composuerunt,
Liv. 40, 40, 14.—With inf.:(δ).ii, secretis conloquiis conponunt Gallos concire,
Tac. A. 3, 40.—Pass. impers.:(ε).ut domi compositum cum Marcio erat,
Liv. 2, 37, 1.—With ut and subj.:3.compositum inter ipsos ut Latiaris strueret dolum,
Tac. A. 4, 68; cf. P. a. subst. —In gen., to feign, invent, devise, contrive, in order to deceive or delude, etc.: composita dicta, Att. ap. Non. p. 260, 22 (Trag. Rel. v. 47 Rib.):A.ne tu istic hodie malo tuo conpositis mendaciis Advenisti,
Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 211:nec bene mendaci risus conponitur ore,
Tib. 3, 6, 35 (3, 7, 3):sed vobis facile'st verba et conponere fraudes,
Prop. 2, 9, 31:insidias in me conponis inanes,
id. 2, 32 (3, 30), 19:compositas insidias fatoque evitatas ementitur,
Tac. A. 13, 47:si haec fabulosa et composita videntur,
id. Or. 12; id. Agr. 40:quae ut augendae famae composita, sic reliqua non in obscuro habentur,
id. A. 15, 16; cf.:vetustatem, ut cetera, in majus conponentem altores Jovis celebravisse,
exaggerating, Sall. H. 3, 60 Dietsch.— Part. perf. with in and acc., pretending, assuming the appearance or expression:(Domitianus) paratus simulatione, in adrogantiam compositus audiit preces,
Tac. Agr. 42:is in maestitiam compositus,
id. H. 2, 9; 1, 54:in securitatem,
id. A. 3, 44.—Rarely with ad:tunc compositus ad maestitiam,
Tac. A. 13, 20.— Hence, P. a.: compŏsĭtus ( - postus), a, um.Well-arranged, ordered, or constituted, orderly, regular:B.quae (injuria) dum foris sunt, nil videtur mundius, Nec magis compositum quicquam nec magis elegans,
Ter. Eun. 5, 4, 13: admiratus sum... sunchusin litterularum, quae solent tuae compositissimae et clarissimae esse, Cic. Att. 6, 9, 1:acrior impetu atque animis quam compositior ullo ordine pugna fuit,
Liv. 28, 22, 13:intellegitur, etiamsi non adjecero, conpositum ordinatumque fore talem virum,
Sen. Vit. Beat. 8, 3:composita et quieta et beata respublica,
Tac. Or. 36. —Of writings:quare in his quoque libris erant eadem aliqua... omnia vero compositiora et elaborata,
Quint. 1, pr. § 8; cf.:illa quae curam fatentur et ficta atque composita videri etiam volunt,
elaborate, id. 8, pr. § 23.— Transf., of the orator himself:si aut compositi oratoris bene structam collocationem dissolvas permutatione verborum,
Cic. Or. 70, 232.—Fitly disposed for any purpose, prepared, apt, fit, adapted, qualified, suitable, ready:C.perficiam ut nemo umquam paratior, vigilantior, compositior ad judicium venisse videatur,
Cic. Verr. 1, 1, 11; so,equus bene natura compositus,
Auct. Her. 4, 46, 59.— With ad or in and acc., or with dat.:arte quadam ab juventa in ostentationem (virtutum) compositus,
Liv. 26, 19, 3 Weissenb. ad loc.:alius historiae magis idoneus, alius compositus ad carmen,
Quint. 2, 8, 7:aeque in adulationem compositus (sacerdos),
Curt. 4, 7, 26:(Attici) non maxime ad risum compositi,
Quint. 6, 3, 18:natura atque arte compositus alliciendis etiam Muciani moribus,
Tac. H. 2, 5.—Quiet, peaceful, undisturbed, calm, composed, unimpassioned, etc.:D.ut peractis quae agenda fuerint salvo jam et composito die possis ibi manere,
Plin. Ep. 2, 17, 2:lenis et nitidi et compositi generis amatores,
Quint. 10, 1, 44:actio,
id. 11, 3, 110:aetas,
mature, sedate, Tac. A. 13, 1: adfectus mites atque compositi, Quint. 6, 2, 9:supercilium (opp. erectum),
id. 11, 3, 74:repetitio eorum (civium) labefactabat compositam civitatem,
Flor. 3, 23, 3.—Compound, composite, made up of parts (opp. simplex):(α).verba,
Quint. 1, 5, 3; 1, 6, 38; 7, 9, 5:voces,
id. 1, 5, 65; cf. id. 1, 5, 9; 2, 12, 3.—Hence, subst.: compŏsĭtum ( conp-), i, n., that which is agreed, an agreement, compact, etc.; only abl. in the phrases,Ex composito, according to agreement, by agreement, in concert, Sall. H. 2, 12 Dietsch:(β).tum ex composito orta vis,
Liv. 1, 9, 10; 5, 14, 2; 36, 25, 1; 40, 48, 4; Suet. Claud. 37; Tac. H. 4, 66.—De composito, by agreement, App. Mag. 1, p. 273; and,(γ).More rarely in the same sense, composito alone, Ter. Phorm. 5, 1, 29; Nep. Dat. 6, 6; Verg. A. 2, 129.—Hence also adv.: compŏsĭtē ( conp-), in an orderly, regular, or skilful manner, orderly, regularly, properly (class. but rare;not in Quint.): ambulare,
Col. 6, 2, 5:indutus,
Gell. 1, 5, 2:composite et apte dicere,
Cic. Or. 71, 236:composite, ornate, copiose eloqui,
id. De Or. 1, 11, 48:composite atque magnifice casum reipublicae miserati,
Sall. C. 51, 9:bene et composite disseruit,
id. Ib. 52.— Comp.:compositius cuncta quam festinantius agerent,
Tac. A. 15, 3. -
6 compositum
com-pōno ( conp-), posui (COMPOSEIVERVNT, C. I. L. 1, 199, 2), positum (compostus, Plaut. Mil. 4, 7, 21 Lorenz; Verg. A. 1, 249; Lucil. ap. Cic. de Or. 3, 43, 171; Varr ap. Sen. Ep. 56, 6), 3, v. a., to put, place, lay, bring or set together, to unite, join, connect, collect, aggregate, compose, to order, arrange, adjust, etc. (class. and very freq.).I.In gen., of different objects.A. 1.Of things in gen.:b.aridum lignum,
Hor. C. 3, 17, 14:composita fronde,
Prop. 1, 20, 22:uvas in tecto in cratibus,
Cato, R. R. 112, 2:in quo (loco) erant ea conposita, quibus rex te numerare constituerat,
Cic. Deiot. 6, 17:(amomum) manipulatim leniter componitur,
Plin. 12, 13, 28, § 48:amphoras in culleum,
Cato, R. R. 113, 2:ligna in caminum,
id. ib. 37, 5.—To bring into contact, fit together, join:c.quid... in operibus manu factis tam compositum tamque compactum et coagmentatum inveniri potest?
Cic. Fin. 3, 22, 74: cum poclo bibo eodem, amplector, labra labellis conpono, Lucil. ap. Non. p. 260, 28:tum latus conponit lateri et cum pectore pectus,
id. ib. p. 260, 30:conponens manibusque manus atque ori bus ora,
Verg. A. 8, 486:Mercurio Sais fertur Virgineum conposuisse latus,
Prop. 2, 2, 12; cf.caput,
Tib. 1, 5, 8.—Hence, of broken limbs, etc., med. t. t., to set:ossa,
Cels. 8, 10, 2:jugulum,
id. 8, 8, 8 et saep.—Esp., to pack up for a journey, etc.:2.omnia composta sunt quae donavi,
Plaut. Mil. 4, 7, 21:i ergo intro et compone quae tecum simul Ferantur,
Ter. Hec. 4, 3, 5:dum tota domus raeda componitur una,
Juv. 3, 10.—Of persons:B.is (Saturnus) genus indocile ac dispersum montibus altis Composuit,
Verg. A. 8, 322:et tabula una duos poterit componere amantes,
Prop. 2, 26, 33 (3, 22, 13); cf. II. C. 5. infra.—To set in opposition.1.To bring together in hostility, to oppose, to couple, pair, match in combat (cf. compositio, III.); esp. of gladiators, etc.: Samnis, spurcus homo, cum Pacideiano conponitur, optimus multo Post homines natos gladiator qui fuit unus, Lucil. Sat. ap. Non. p. 257, 18; cf. Cic. Opt. Gen. 6, 17:2.Rupili et Persi par pugnat, uti non Compositum melius cum Bitho Bacchius,
Hor. S. 1, 7, 20 Orell. ad loc.:staturam habere Threcis cum Threce conpositi,
Sen. Q. N. 4, praef. 8;and in gen.: si quis casus duos inter se bonos viros composuerit,
Quint. 2, 17, 34:cuive virum mallem memet componere,
Sil. 10, 70:componimur Vecordi Decio,
id. 11, 212:hunc fatis,
id. 1, 39:cum ventis, pelagique furentibus undis Composuit mortale genus,
Luc. 3, 196;and fig.: pergis pugnantia secum Frontibus adversis componere,
Hor. S. 1, 1, 103:ecce par deo dignum, vir fortis cum fortuna mala conpositus,
Sen. Prov. 1, 2, 9:non illa (rhetorice) secum ipsa componitur,
Quint. 2, 17, 33;and of a judicial contest: accita Epicharis et cum indice composita,
confronted, Tac. A. 15, 51; 16, 10.—To oppose by way of comparison, to compare, contrast.(α).With acc. and dat.: quid est, cur componere ausis mihi te aut me tibi? Att. ap. Non. p. 257, 15 (Trag. Rel. v. 147 Rib.):(β).nec divis homines componier aequom'st,
Cat. 68, 141: composita dicta evolvunt, Quae cum componas, dicta factis discrepant, Att. ap. Non. p. 260, 21 (Trag. Rel. v. 48 Rib.):si parva licet conponere magnis,
Verg. G. 4, 176:parvis conponere magna solebam,
id. E. 1, 23; Ov. M. 5, [p. 392] 416:audes cladi componere nostrae, Nympha, tuam?
id. ib. 15, 530:divinis humana,
Aus. Ecl. 1, 10.—With acc. and cum:II.ubi Metelli dicta cum factis conposuit,
Sall. J. 48, 1: causam suam cum causa adversarii. Quint. 7, 2, 22.In partic.A.Of the parts of a whole, or of a whole as made up of parts.1. (α).With ex:(β).exercitus ejus conpositus ex variis gentibus,
Sall. J. 18, 3:genus humanum ex corpore et anima conpositum,
id. ib. 2, 1:liber ex alienis orationibus compositus,
Cic. Div. in Caecil. 14, 47:antidoton... ex multis atque interim contrariis quoque inter se effectibus,
Quint. 1, 10, 6:ex quo (umore) componi debet (medicamentum),
Cels. 6, 7, 1 fin. —With abl.:(γ).mensam gramine,
Sil. 15, 51.—With acc. alone:2.medicamentum,
Col. 6, 4, 1; Scrib. Comp. 10.—Esp., of buildings, etc., to construct, build:3.qui cuncta conposuit,
i. e. the Creator, Cic. Univ. 13:urbem,
Verg. A. 3, 387:illa (templa) deis,
Ov. F. 1, 708 Burm. ad loc.:aggere conposito tumuli,
Verg. A. 7, 6:deletas Thebas,
Prop. 2, 6, 5.—Of words, to compound:4.vitilitigatores ex vitiis et litigatoribus, Plin. praef. § 32: verba composita (opp. simplicia),
Quint. 1, 5, 3.—Of writings, speeches, etc.a.To compose, write, construct (very freq.):b.leges,
Lucr. 4, 966:compone hoc, quod postulo, de argento: de reliquo videro,
Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 16, § 36:quartum librum,
id. de Or. 2, 55, 224:libros,
id. Fam. 16, 20; Plin. Ep. 9, 9, 1:libellos,
Quint. 12, 8, 5:actiones,
Cic. Att. 6, 1, 8; Quint. 11, 3, 68:argumentum,
Cic. Att. 15, 4, 3:edictum eis verbis,
id. Verr. 2, 1, 45, § 116:edictum eorum arbitratu,
id. ib. 2, 1, 46, §119: artes,
books of instruction, id. Brut. 12, 48; id. Ac. 2, 13, 40:artificium,
id. de Or. 2, 19, 83:commentarium consulatus mei,
id. Att. 1, 19, 10; Quint. 1, 8, 19:quarum (litterarum) exemplum,
Cic. Agr. 2, 20, 53:quandam disciplinae formulam,
id. Ac. 1, 4, 17:stipulationum et judiciorum formulas,
id. Leg. 1, 4, 14:interdictum,
id. Caecin. 21, 59:poema,
id. ad Q. Fr. 3, 1, 4; cf. Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 77; Ov. Tr. 5, 12, 60:senatus consultum,
Cic. Fam. 10, 22, 2:testimonium,
id. Att. 15, 15, 1:verba ad religionem deorum immortalium,
id. Dom. 47, 124:de judicialibus causis aliqua,
Quint. 3, 6, 104:aliquid de ratione dicendi, id. prooem. 1: quae de ortu vitaque Scapulae composita erant,
Tac. A. 16, 14:Apion... inmortalitate donari a se scripsit ad quos aliqua conponebat, Plin. praef. § 25: carmen,
Cic. Mur. 12, 26:carmina,
Tac. Or. 12; id. A. 3, 49:epistulas,
id. ib. 2, 70:litteras nomine Marcelli,
Liv. 27, 28, 4; Tac. A. 11, 20:orationem habere ad conciliandos plebis animos conpositam,
Liv. 1, 35, 2:blanditias tremula voce,
Tib. 1, 2, 91:meditata manu verba trementi,
Ov. M. 9, 521:versus,
Hor. S. 1, 4, 8:mollem versum,
Prop. 1, 7, 19:cantus,
Tib. 1, 2, 53:in morem annalium,
Tac. Or. 22:orationes adversus aliquem,
id. ib. 37:litteras ad aliquem,
id. A. 15, 8; 14, 22:probra in Gaium,
id. ib. 6, 9;14, 50: multa et atrocia in Macronem,
id. ib. 6, 44 (38) et saep.—Transf., of the subjects, etc., treated, to write about, treat, celebrate:B.tuas laudes,
Tib. 4, 1, 35:res gestas,
Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 251:tempora Iliaca,
Vell. 1, 3, 2:bellum Troicum,
id. 1, 5, 3:Juli Africani vitam componendo, spem hominibus fecisti plurium ejus modi librorum,
Tac. Or. 14:veteres populi Romani res,
id. A. 4, 32:Neronis res,
id. ib. 1, 1; 11, 11.—From the notion of closing.1.To put away, put aside, put in place:2.armamentis conplicandis, conponendis studuimus,
i. e. folding up the sails and lowering the masts, Plaut. Merc. 1, 2, 80:(tempus) ad componenda armamenta expediendumque remigem,
Liv. 26, 39, 8:vela contrahit malosque inclinat et simul armamenta componens, etc.,
id. 36, 44, 2:arma,
Hor. C. 4, 14, 52:tristes istos conpone libellos,
put aside, Prop. 1, 9, 13.—To store up, put away, collect:3.nec... Aut conponere opes norant aut parcere parto,
Verg. A. 8, 317:ego conposito securus acervo Despiciam dites,
Tib. 1, 1, 77;so fig.: condo et compono quae mox depromere possim,
Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 12.— So esp. to preserve, pack, put up fruits, meat, etc., for future use:pernas,
Cato, R. R. 162, 12:tergora (suis),
Col. 12, 55, 2: siccatos coliculos, id. 12, 9, 1:caepam in fidelia,
id. 12, 10, 2:herbas,
id. 12, 13, 2:poma,
id. 12, 47, 5:olivas,
Pall. Nov. 22, 5:herbam olla nova,
Scrib. Comp. 60:faenum,
Dig. 19, 2, 11, § 4:fructus in urceis, capsellis,
ib. 33, 7, 12, §1.—Of the ashes or remains of the dead, to adjust, lay out, to collect and inurn, inter, bury:4. a.tu mea conpones et dices, ossa, Properti, Haec tua sunt,
Prop. 2, 24, 35 (3, 19, 19):cinerem,
Ov. F. 3, 547:cinerem ossaque,
Val. Fl. 7, 203:sic ego conponi versus in ossa velim,
Tib. 3, 2, 26.—Hence, in gen., of persons, to bury:quem... prope cognatos conpositum cineres,
Cat. 68, 98:omnes composui (meos),
Hor. S. 1, 9, 28:compositi busta avi,
Ov. F. 5, 426:Pisonem Verania uxor... T. Vinium Crispina filia composuere,
Tac. H. 1, 47:componi tumulo eodem,
Ov. M. 4, 157:toro Mortua componar,
id. ib. 9, 504:alto Conpositus lecto,
Pers. 3, 104:aliquem terra,
Sil. 9, 95.—Of things: omnia noctis erant placida composta quiete, Varr. Atac. ap. Sen. Contr. 3, 16:b.cum mare compositum est,
Ov. A. A. 3, 259:aquas,
id. H. 13, 136:fessum tumentes Composuit pelagus ventis patientibus undas,
Luc. 5, 702.—Of persons:5.nec vigilantibus, sed etiam quiete compositis,
Quint. 11, 2, 5:ubi jam thalamis se conposuere,
Verg. G. 4, 189:defessa membra,
id. ib. 4, 438:si bene conpositus somno vinoque jacebit,
Ov. Am. 1, 4, 53.—To end strife, confusion, etc., to compose, pacify, allay, settle, calm, appease, quiet, tranquillize, reconcile, etc., that which is disturbed or at variance.a.With personal object:b.aversos amicos,
Hor. S. 1, 5, 29:ceteros clementia,
Tac. A. 12, 55:comitia praetorum,
id. ib. 14, 28; id. H. 1, 85:juvenes concitatos,
Quint. 1, 10, 32; cf.:barbarum animos,
Tac. A. 14, 39:gentem,
Sil. 17, 356.—Esp. of the mind:prima (pars philosophiae) conponit animum,
Sen. Ep. 89, 9:argumentum conpositae mentis,
id. ib. 2, 1; Cels. 3, 18; Sil. 11, 352:mentem somno,
id. 3, 162:religio saevas componit mentis,
id. 13, 317.—Of places, countries, etc.:c.C. Caesar componendae Armeniae deligitur,
Tac. A. 2, 4:Campaniam,
id. H. 4, 3:Daciam,
id. ib. 3, 53.—With abstr. or indef. objects:d.si possum hoc inter vos conponere,
Plaut. Curc. 5, 3, 23; cf.:vides, inter nos sic haec potius cum bona Ut componamus gratia quam cum mala?
Ter. Phorm. 4, 3, 17:gaudens conponi foedere bellum,
Verg. A. 12, 109; so,bellum,
Sall. J. 97, 2; Nep. Hann. 6, 2; id. Alcib. 8, 3; Vell. 2, 25, 1; Asin. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 33, 3:bella,
Tac. A. 3, 56:cum vellet pro communi amico controversias regum componere,
Caes. B. C. 3, 109:uti per colloquia omnes controversiae componantur,
id. ib. 1, 9 fin.:curas,
Verg. A. 4, 341; Sil. 12, 682:lites,
Verg. E. 3, 108:seditionem civilem,
Suet. Caes. 4:statum Orientis,
id. Calig. 1:Romanus Ardeae turbatas seditione res... composuit,
Liv. 4, 10, 6; 3, 53, 1:legatorum res et bello turbatas,
id. 45, 16, 2:res Germanicas,
Suet. Vit. 9:discordias,
Tac. H. 4, 50:compositis praesentibus,
id. A. 1, 45:odia et certamina,
id. ib. 15, 2.—Less freq. transf., with the result as object:pacem componi volo Meo patri cum matre,
Plaut. Merc. 5, 2, 113:si pax cum Carthaginiensibus componi nequisset,
Liv. 30, 40, 13:at me conposita pace fefellit Amor,
Prop. 2, 2, 2:pax circa Brundusium composita,
Vell. 2, 75, 3:pacem cum Pyrrho,
Just. 18, 2, 6; cf. D. 2. infra.—Absol.:C. 1.coheredes mei conponere et transigere cupiebant,
Plin. Ep. 5, 1, 7; and so impers. pass.:posteaquam id quod maxime volui fieri non potuit, ut componeretur,
Cic. Rosc. Am. 47, 136:Pompei summam esse... voluntatem, ut componeretur atque ab armis discederetur,
Caes. B. C. 3, 16.—In gen., to arrange, adjust, order, set in order:2.aulaeis se superbis Aurea sponda, of one's attitude on a couch,
Verg. A. 1, 697:ad ictum militaris gladii conposita cervice,
Sen. Cons. Marc. 26, 2:diductis aedificia angulis vidimus moveri iterumque conponi,
id. Q. N. 6, 30, 4:si ad rem pertinet, quomodo caelo adfecto conpositisque sideribus quodque animal oriatur,
Cic. Div. 2, 47, 98:tibi enim gratias agebat, quod signa componenda suscepisses,
id. Att. 4, 9, 1.—Esp., milit. t. t.:3.se ad confligendum, Sisenn. ap. Non p. 257, 13: exercitum in hibernaculis, Sali J. 103, 1: in secunda (acie) cohortis, id. H. inc. Fragm. 44 Dietsch: stabant conpositi suis quisque ordinibus (opp. incompositi),
Liv. 44, 38, 11:conpositi numero in turmas,
Verg. A. 11, 599:cunctos licentia vagos compositus invadit = compositis ordinibus,
Tac. H. 4, 35:agmen,
id. ib. 2, 89; 5, 1; id. A. 12, 16:ordines,
id. H. 4, 33:vagos paventesque Vitellianos, sua quemque apud signa, componunt,
id. ib. 3, 35:pugnae exercitum,
id. A. 13, 40:auxilia in numerum legionis,
id. ib. 2, 80 Nipp. ad loc.:equitem per turmas,
id. ib. 15, 29:insidias in montibus,
Just. 1, 3, 11.—Of the order of words in language: quam lepide lexeis compostae! ut tesserulae omnes Arte pavimento atque emblemate vermiculato, Lucil. ap. Cic. de Or. 3, 43, 171; id. ap. Cic. Or. 44, 149; cf. id. ib. sq.:4.ut aptior sit oratio, ipsa verba compone,
id. Brut. 17, 68.—With reference to orderly appearance, etc., of the clothing, hair; the expression of the countenance, etc., to lay, smooth, adjust:5.suon quisque loco'st? Vide capillum, satin compositu'st commode?
Plaut. Most. 1, 3, 97:composito et delibuto capillo,
Cic. Rosc. Am. 46, 135:comas,
Ov. R. Am. 679:crines,
Verg. G. 4, 417:ne turbarentur comae, quas componi, etc.,
Quint. 11, 3, 148:togam,
to lay in proper folds, Hor. S. 2, 3, 77; Quint. 11, 3, 156; cf.:nec tamen ante adiit... Quam se composuit, quam circumspexit amictus,
Ov. M. 4, 318:pulvinum facili manu,
id. A. A. 1, 160; cf.torum,
id. F. 3, 484:jam libet componere voltus,
id. M. 13, 767:vultu composito, ne laeti excessu principis, etc.,
Tac. A. 1, 7; Plin. Ep. 3, 16, 5; cf.:(Tiberius) compositus ore,
id. ib. 2, 34:vultum natura horridum... efferabat, componens ad speculum in omnem terrorem,
distorting, Suet. Calig. 50.—In gen., to adjust, arrange, regulate, for the expression of something, or to accord with something; usu. ad aliquid:D.ad abstinentiam rursus, non secus ac modo ad balineum animum vultumque conposui,
Plin. Ep. 7, 1, 6:orationis ipsius vultus ad id, quod efficere intendimus, compositus,
Quint. 9, 1, 21:utraque manu ad modum aliquid portantium composita,
id. 11, 3, 120:ge. stum oratoris ad similitudinem saltationis,
id. 1, 11, 19:figuram ad imitationem alterius scripturae,
id. 9, 2, 34:nec ad votum composita civitas,
Tac. Or. 41:cuncta ad decorem inperi conposita,
id. H. 1, 71:cunctis ad tristitiam conpositis,
id. A. 3, 1. —Less freq. with dat.:voltus conponere famae Taedet,
to adapt, Tib. 4, 7, 9:venturis carbasa ventis,
Luc. 3, 596:me quoque mittendis rectum componite telis,
id. 3, 717. —With in:Nero itinera urbis... veste servili in dissimulationem sui compositus pererrabat,
disguised, made up, Tac. A. 13, 25. —To bring to a particular form or condition, to dispose, arrange, set in order, contrive, devise, prepare.(α).With acc.:(β).ego itinera sic composueram, ut Nonis Quinctilibus Puteolis essem,
Cic. Att. 15, 26, 3:quod adest memento Componere aequus,
Hor. C. 3, 29, 33:conposita atque constituta re publica,
Cic. Leg. 3, 18, 42:necdum compositis maturisve satis consiliis,
Liv. 4, 13, 5:(diem) totum in consideranda causa componendaque posuisse,
Cic. Brut. 22, 87:tempus in cognoscendis componendisque causis consumere,
id. Or. 42, 143:ex sententia omnibus rebus paratis conpositisque,
Sall. J. 43, 5; 94, 1:in senatu cuncta longis aliorum principatibus composita statim decernuntur,
Tac. H. 2, 55:dum quae forent firmando Neronis imperio componuntur,
id. A. 12, 68.—With ad or in and acc. of the purpose for which, or the example according to which, etc.:2.cum alteri placeat auspicia ista ad utilitatem esse rei publicae conposita,
Cic. Leg. 2, 13, 32:omnia ad voluptatem multitudinis inperitae,
Quint. 10, 1, 43:animum ad omnes casus,
id. 12, 9, 20; Val. Fl. 1, 321:satis igitur in hoc nos componet multa scribendi exercitatio,
Quint. 9, 4, 114:cultum victumque non ad nova exempla conponere, sed ut majorum mores suadent,
Sen. Tranq. 9, 2. —To arrange in agreement with others, to agree upon, contrive, devise, invent, conspire to make, etc.(α).In gen.: eum allegaverunt, suom qui servom diceret Cum auro esse apud me: conposita est fallacia, [p. 393] Ut, etc., Plaut. Poen. 3, 5, 29:(β).quin jam virginem Despondi: res composita'st,
Ter. Ad. 4, 7, 17:ita causa componitur, ut item palaestritae Bidini peterent ab Epicrate hereditatem,
Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 22, § 54:societatem praedarum cum latronibus conposuisse,
Sall. H. 4, 11 Dietsch:crimen ab inimicis Romae conpositum,
Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 61, § 141:conpositis inter se rebus,
Sall. J. 66, 2:ita conposito dolo digrediuntur,
id. ib. 111, 4:conposito jam consilio,
Liv. 3, 53, 3: ceteri proditores ea quae composita erant exspectabant;convenerat autem, etc.,
id. 25, 9, 8:sub noctem susurri Composita repetantur hora,
Hor. C. 1, 9, 20:ictum jam foedus, et omnes Conpositae leges,
Verg. A. 12, 315:compositis notis,
Tib. 1, 2, 22:crimen ac dolum ultro,
Tac. H. 1, 34:proditionem,
id. ib. 2, 100:seditionem,
id. ib. 4, 14:insidias,
id. ib. 5, 22; id. A. 12, 54; 13, 47: pacem componere, v. B. 5. supra.—With rel.-clause:(γ).cum summa concordia, quos dimitterent, quos retinerent, composuerunt,
Liv. 40, 40, 14.—With inf.:(δ).ii, secretis conloquiis conponunt Gallos concire,
Tac. A. 3, 40.—Pass. impers.:(ε).ut domi compositum cum Marcio erat,
Liv. 2, 37, 1.—With ut and subj.:3.compositum inter ipsos ut Latiaris strueret dolum,
Tac. A. 4, 68; cf. P. a. subst. —In gen., to feign, invent, devise, contrive, in order to deceive or delude, etc.: composita dicta, Att. ap. Non. p. 260, 22 (Trag. Rel. v. 47 Rib.):A.ne tu istic hodie malo tuo conpositis mendaciis Advenisti,
Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 211:nec bene mendaci risus conponitur ore,
Tib. 3, 6, 35 (3, 7, 3):sed vobis facile'st verba et conponere fraudes,
Prop. 2, 9, 31:insidias in me conponis inanes,
id. 2, 32 (3, 30), 19:compositas insidias fatoque evitatas ementitur,
Tac. A. 13, 47:si haec fabulosa et composita videntur,
id. Or. 12; id. Agr. 40:quae ut augendae famae composita, sic reliqua non in obscuro habentur,
id. A. 15, 16; cf.:vetustatem, ut cetera, in majus conponentem altores Jovis celebravisse,
exaggerating, Sall. H. 3, 60 Dietsch.— Part. perf. with in and acc., pretending, assuming the appearance or expression:(Domitianus) paratus simulatione, in adrogantiam compositus audiit preces,
Tac. Agr. 42:is in maestitiam compositus,
id. H. 2, 9; 1, 54:in securitatem,
id. A. 3, 44.—Rarely with ad:tunc compositus ad maestitiam,
Tac. A. 13, 20.— Hence, P. a.: compŏsĭtus ( - postus), a, um.Well-arranged, ordered, or constituted, orderly, regular:B.quae (injuria) dum foris sunt, nil videtur mundius, Nec magis compositum quicquam nec magis elegans,
Ter. Eun. 5, 4, 13: admiratus sum... sunchusin litterularum, quae solent tuae compositissimae et clarissimae esse, Cic. Att. 6, 9, 1:acrior impetu atque animis quam compositior ullo ordine pugna fuit,
Liv. 28, 22, 13:intellegitur, etiamsi non adjecero, conpositum ordinatumque fore talem virum,
Sen. Vit. Beat. 8, 3:composita et quieta et beata respublica,
Tac. Or. 36. —Of writings:quare in his quoque libris erant eadem aliqua... omnia vero compositiora et elaborata,
Quint. 1, pr. § 8; cf.:illa quae curam fatentur et ficta atque composita videri etiam volunt,
elaborate, id. 8, pr. § 23.— Transf., of the orator himself:si aut compositi oratoris bene structam collocationem dissolvas permutatione verborum,
Cic. Or. 70, 232.—Fitly disposed for any purpose, prepared, apt, fit, adapted, qualified, suitable, ready:C.perficiam ut nemo umquam paratior, vigilantior, compositior ad judicium venisse videatur,
Cic. Verr. 1, 1, 11; so,equus bene natura compositus,
Auct. Her. 4, 46, 59.— With ad or in and acc., or with dat.:arte quadam ab juventa in ostentationem (virtutum) compositus,
Liv. 26, 19, 3 Weissenb. ad loc.:alius historiae magis idoneus, alius compositus ad carmen,
Quint. 2, 8, 7:aeque in adulationem compositus (sacerdos),
Curt. 4, 7, 26:(Attici) non maxime ad risum compositi,
Quint. 6, 3, 18:natura atque arte compositus alliciendis etiam Muciani moribus,
Tac. H. 2, 5.—Quiet, peaceful, undisturbed, calm, composed, unimpassioned, etc.:D.ut peractis quae agenda fuerint salvo jam et composito die possis ibi manere,
Plin. Ep. 2, 17, 2:lenis et nitidi et compositi generis amatores,
Quint. 10, 1, 44:actio,
id. 11, 3, 110:aetas,
mature, sedate, Tac. A. 13, 1: adfectus mites atque compositi, Quint. 6, 2, 9:supercilium (opp. erectum),
id. 11, 3, 74:repetitio eorum (civium) labefactabat compositam civitatem,
Flor. 3, 23, 3.—Compound, composite, made up of parts (opp. simplex):(α).verba,
Quint. 1, 5, 3; 1, 6, 38; 7, 9, 5:voces,
id. 1, 5, 65; cf. id. 1, 5, 9; 2, 12, 3.—Hence, subst.: compŏsĭtum ( conp-), i, n., that which is agreed, an agreement, compact, etc.; only abl. in the phrases,Ex composito, according to agreement, by agreement, in concert, Sall. H. 2, 12 Dietsch:(β).tum ex composito orta vis,
Liv. 1, 9, 10; 5, 14, 2; 36, 25, 1; 40, 48, 4; Suet. Claud. 37; Tac. H. 4, 66.—De composito, by agreement, App. Mag. 1, p. 273; and,(γ).More rarely in the same sense, composito alone, Ter. Phorm. 5, 1, 29; Nep. Dat. 6, 6; Verg. A. 2, 129.—Hence also adv.: compŏsĭtē ( conp-), in an orderly, regular, or skilful manner, orderly, regularly, properly (class. but rare;not in Quint.): ambulare,
Col. 6, 2, 5:indutus,
Gell. 1, 5, 2:composite et apte dicere,
Cic. Or. 71, 236:composite, ornate, copiose eloqui,
id. De Or. 1, 11, 48:composite atque magnifice casum reipublicae miserati,
Sall. C. 51, 9:bene et composite disseruit,
id. Ib. 52.— Comp.:compositius cuncta quam festinantius agerent,
Tac. A. 15, 3. -
7 conpono
com-pōno ( conp-), posui (COMPOSEIVERVNT, C. I. L. 1, 199, 2), positum (compostus, Plaut. Mil. 4, 7, 21 Lorenz; Verg. A. 1, 249; Lucil. ap. Cic. de Or. 3, 43, 171; Varr ap. Sen. Ep. 56, 6), 3, v. a., to put, place, lay, bring or set together, to unite, join, connect, collect, aggregate, compose, to order, arrange, adjust, etc. (class. and very freq.).I.In gen., of different objects.A. 1.Of things in gen.:b.aridum lignum,
Hor. C. 3, 17, 14:composita fronde,
Prop. 1, 20, 22:uvas in tecto in cratibus,
Cato, R. R. 112, 2:in quo (loco) erant ea conposita, quibus rex te numerare constituerat,
Cic. Deiot. 6, 17:(amomum) manipulatim leniter componitur,
Plin. 12, 13, 28, § 48:amphoras in culleum,
Cato, R. R. 113, 2:ligna in caminum,
id. ib. 37, 5.—To bring into contact, fit together, join:c.quid... in operibus manu factis tam compositum tamque compactum et coagmentatum inveniri potest?
Cic. Fin. 3, 22, 74: cum poclo bibo eodem, amplector, labra labellis conpono, Lucil. ap. Non. p. 260, 28:tum latus conponit lateri et cum pectore pectus,
id. ib. p. 260, 30:conponens manibusque manus atque ori bus ora,
Verg. A. 8, 486:Mercurio Sais fertur Virgineum conposuisse latus,
Prop. 2, 2, 12; cf.caput,
Tib. 1, 5, 8.—Hence, of broken limbs, etc., med. t. t., to set:ossa,
Cels. 8, 10, 2:jugulum,
id. 8, 8, 8 et saep.—Esp., to pack up for a journey, etc.:2.omnia composta sunt quae donavi,
Plaut. Mil. 4, 7, 21:i ergo intro et compone quae tecum simul Ferantur,
Ter. Hec. 4, 3, 5:dum tota domus raeda componitur una,
Juv. 3, 10.—Of persons:B.is (Saturnus) genus indocile ac dispersum montibus altis Composuit,
Verg. A. 8, 322:et tabula una duos poterit componere amantes,
Prop. 2, 26, 33 (3, 22, 13); cf. II. C. 5. infra.—To set in opposition.1.To bring together in hostility, to oppose, to couple, pair, match in combat (cf. compositio, III.); esp. of gladiators, etc.: Samnis, spurcus homo, cum Pacideiano conponitur, optimus multo Post homines natos gladiator qui fuit unus, Lucil. Sat. ap. Non. p. 257, 18; cf. Cic. Opt. Gen. 6, 17:2.Rupili et Persi par pugnat, uti non Compositum melius cum Bitho Bacchius,
Hor. S. 1, 7, 20 Orell. ad loc.:staturam habere Threcis cum Threce conpositi,
Sen. Q. N. 4, praef. 8;and in gen.: si quis casus duos inter se bonos viros composuerit,
Quint. 2, 17, 34:cuive virum mallem memet componere,
Sil. 10, 70:componimur Vecordi Decio,
id. 11, 212:hunc fatis,
id. 1, 39:cum ventis, pelagique furentibus undis Composuit mortale genus,
Luc. 3, 196;and fig.: pergis pugnantia secum Frontibus adversis componere,
Hor. S. 1, 1, 103:ecce par deo dignum, vir fortis cum fortuna mala conpositus,
Sen. Prov. 1, 2, 9:non illa (rhetorice) secum ipsa componitur,
Quint. 2, 17, 33;and of a judicial contest: accita Epicharis et cum indice composita,
confronted, Tac. A. 15, 51; 16, 10.—To oppose by way of comparison, to compare, contrast.(α).With acc. and dat.: quid est, cur componere ausis mihi te aut me tibi? Att. ap. Non. p. 257, 15 (Trag. Rel. v. 147 Rib.):(β).nec divis homines componier aequom'st,
Cat. 68, 141: composita dicta evolvunt, Quae cum componas, dicta factis discrepant, Att. ap. Non. p. 260, 21 (Trag. Rel. v. 48 Rib.):si parva licet conponere magnis,
Verg. G. 4, 176:parvis conponere magna solebam,
id. E. 1, 23; Ov. M. 5, [p. 392] 416:audes cladi componere nostrae, Nympha, tuam?
id. ib. 15, 530:divinis humana,
Aus. Ecl. 1, 10.—With acc. and cum:II.ubi Metelli dicta cum factis conposuit,
Sall. J. 48, 1: causam suam cum causa adversarii. Quint. 7, 2, 22.In partic.A.Of the parts of a whole, or of a whole as made up of parts.1. (α).With ex:(β).exercitus ejus conpositus ex variis gentibus,
Sall. J. 18, 3:genus humanum ex corpore et anima conpositum,
id. ib. 2, 1:liber ex alienis orationibus compositus,
Cic. Div. in Caecil. 14, 47:antidoton... ex multis atque interim contrariis quoque inter se effectibus,
Quint. 1, 10, 6:ex quo (umore) componi debet (medicamentum),
Cels. 6, 7, 1 fin. —With abl.:(γ).mensam gramine,
Sil. 15, 51.—With acc. alone:2.medicamentum,
Col. 6, 4, 1; Scrib. Comp. 10.—Esp., of buildings, etc., to construct, build:3.qui cuncta conposuit,
i. e. the Creator, Cic. Univ. 13:urbem,
Verg. A. 3, 387:illa (templa) deis,
Ov. F. 1, 708 Burm. ad loc.:aggere conposito tumuli,
Verg. A. 7, 6:deletas Thebas,
Prop. 2, 6, 5.—Of words, to compound:4.vitilitigatores ex vitiis et litigatoribus, Plin. praef. § 32: verba composita (opp. simplicia),
Quint. 1, 5, 3.—Of writings, speeches, etc.a.To compose, write, construct (very freq.):b.leges,
Lucr. 4, 966:compone hoc, quod postulo, de argento: de reliquo videro,
Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 16, § 36:quartum librum,
id. de Or. 2, 55, 224:libros,
id. Fam. 16, 20; Plin. Ep. 9, 9, 1:libellos,
Quint. 12, 8, 5:actiones,
Cic. Att. 6, 1, 8; Quint. 11, 3, 68:argumentum,
Cic. Att. 15, 4, 3:edictum eis verbis,
id. Verr. 2, 1, 45, § 116:edictum eorum arbitratu,
id. ib. 2, 1, 46, §119: artes,
books of instruction, id. Brut. 12, 48; id. Ac. 2, 13, 40:artificium,
id. de Or. 2, 19, 83:commentarium consulatus mei,
id. Att. 1, 19, 10; Quint. 1, 8, 19:quarum (litterarum) exemplum,
Cic. Agr. 2, 20, 53:quandam disciplinae formulam,
id. Ac. 1, 4, 17:stipulationum et judiciorum formulas,
id. Leg. 1, 4, 14:interdictum,
id. Caecin. 21, 59:poema,
id. ad Q. Fr. 3, 1, 4; cf. Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 77; Ov. Tr. 5, 12, 60:senatus consultum,
Cic. Fam. 10, 22, 2:testimonium,
id. Att. 15, 15, 1:verba ad religionem deorum immortalium,
id. Dom. 47, 124:de judicialibus causis aliqua,
Quint. 3, 6, 104:aliquid de ratione dicendi, id. prooem. 1: quae de ortu vitaque Scapulae composita erant,
Tac. A. 16, 14:Apion... inmortalitate donari a se scripsit ad quos aliqua conponebat, Plin. praef. § 25: carmen,
Cic. Mur. 12, 26:carmina,
Tac. Or. 12; id. A. 3, 49:epistulas,
id. ib. 2, 70:litteras nomine Marcelli,
Liv. 27, 28, 4; Tac. A. 11, 20:orationem habere ad conciliandos plebis animos conpositam,
Liv. 1, 35, 2:blanditias tremula voce,
Tib. 1, 2, 91:meditata manu verba trementi,
Ov. M. 9, 521:versus,
Hor. S. 1, 4, 8:mollem versum,
Prop. 1, 7, 19:cantus,
Tib. 1, 2, 53:in morem annalium,
Tac. Or. 22:orationes adversus aliquem,
id. ib. 37:litteras ad aliquem,
id. A. 15, 8; 14, 22:probra in Gaium,
id. ib. 6, 9;14, 50: multa et atrocia in Macronem,
id. ib. 6, 44 (38) et saep.—Transf., of the subjects, etc., treated, to write about, treat, celebrate:B.tuas laudes,
Tib. 4, 1, 35:res gestas,
Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 251:tempora Iliaca,
Vell. 1, 3, 2:bellum Troicum,
id. 1, 5, 3:Juli Africani vitam componendo, spem hominibus fecisti plurium ejus modi librorum,
Tac. Or. 14:veteres populi Romani res,
id. A. 4, 32:Neronis res,
id. ib. 1, 1; 11, 11.—From the notion of closing.1.To put away, put aside, put in place:2.armamentis conplicandis, conponendis studuimus,
i. e. folding up the sails and lowering the masts, Plaut. Merc. 1, 2, 80:(tempus) ad componenda armamenta expediendumque remigem,
Liv. 26, 39, 8:vela contrahit malosque inclinat et simul armamenta componens, etc.,
id. 36, 44, 2:arma,
Hor. C. 4, 14, 52:tristes istos conpone libellos,
put aside, Prop. 1, 9, 13.—To store up, put away, collect:3.nec... Aut conponere opes norant aut parcere parto,
Verg. A. 8, 317:ego conposito securus acervo Despiciam dites,
Tib. 1, 1, 77;so fig.: condo et compono quae mox depromere possim,
Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 12.— So esp. to preserve, pack, put up fruits, meat, etc., for future use:pernas,
Cato, R. R. 162, 12:tergora (suis),
Col. 12, 55, 2: siccatos coliculos, id. 12, 9, 1:caepam in fidelia,
id. 12, 10, 2:herbas,
id. 12, 13, 2:poma,
id. 12, 47, 5:olivas,
Pall. Nov. 22, 5:herbam olla nova,
Scrib. Comp. 60:faenum,
Dig. 19, 2, 11, § 4:fructus in urceis, capsellis,
ib. 33, 7, 12, §1.—Of the ashes or remains of the dead, to adjust, lay out, to collect and inurn, inter, bury:4. a.tu mea conpones et dices, ossa, Properti, Haec tua sunt,
Prop. 2, 24, 35 (3, 19, 19):cinerem,
Ov. F. 3, 547:cinerem ossaque,
Val. Fl. 7, 203:sic ego conponi versus in ossa velim,
Tib. 3, 2, 26.—Hence, in gen., of persons, to bury:quem... prope cognatos conpositum cineres,
Cat. 68, 98:omnes composui (meos),
Hor. S. 1, 9, 28:compositi busta avi,
Ov. F. 5, 426:Pisonem Verania uxor... T. Vinium Crispina filia composuere,
Tac. H. 1, 47:componi tumulo eodem,
Ov. M. 4, 157:toro Mortua componar,
id. ib. 9, 504:alto Conpositus lecto,
Pers. 3, 104:aliquem terra,
Sil. 9, 95.—Of things: omnia noctis erant placida composta quiete, Varr. Atac. ap. Sen. Contr. 3, 16:b.cum mare compositum est,
Ov. A. A. 3, 259:aquas,
id. H. 13, 136:fessum tumentes Composuit pelagus ventis patientibus undas,
Luc. 5, 702.—Of persons:5.nec vigilantibus, sed etiam quiete compositis,
Quint. 11, 2, 5:ubi jam thalamis se conposuere,
Verg. G. 4, 189:defessa membra,
id. ib. 4, 438:si bene conpositus somno vinoque jacebit,
Ov. Am. 1, 4, 53.—To end strife, confusion, etc., to compose, pacify, allay, settle, calm, appease, quiet, tranquillize, reconcile, etc., that which is disturbed or at variance.a.With personal object:b.aversos amicos,
Hor. S. 1, 5, 29:ceteros clementia,
Tac. A. 12, 55:comitia praetorum,
id. ib. 14, 28; id. H. 1, 85:juvenes concitatos,
Quint. 1, 10, 32; cf.:barbarum animos,
Tac. A. 14, 39:gentem,
Sil. 17, 356.—Esp. of the mind:prima (pars philosophiae) conponit animum,
Sen. Ep. 89, 9:argumentum conpositae mentis,
id. ib. 2, 1; Cels. 3, 18; Sil. 11, 352:mentem somno,
id. 3, 162:religio saevas componit mentis,
id. 13, 317.—Of places, countries, etc.:c.C. Caesar componendae Armeniae deligitur,
Tac. A. 2, 4:Campaniam,
id. H. 4, 3:Daciam,
id. ib. 3, 53.—With abstr. or indef. objects:d.si possum hoc inter vos conponere,
Plaut. Curc. 5, 3, 23; cf.:vides, inter nos sic haec potius cum bona Ut componamus gratia quam cum mala?
Ter. Phorm. 4, 3, 17:gaudens conponi foedere bellum,
Verg. A. 12, 109; so,bellum,
Sall. J. 97, 2; Nep. Hann. 6, 2; id. Alcib. 8, 3; Vell. 2, 25, 1; Asin. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 33, 3:bella,
Tac. A. 3, 56:cum vellet pro communi amico controversias regum componere,
Caes. B. C. 3, 109:uti per colloquia omnes controversiae componantur,
id. ib. 1, 9 fin.:curas,
Verg. A. 4, 341; Sil. 12, 682:lites,
Verg. E. 3, 108:seditionem civilem,
Suet. Caes. 4:statum Orientis,
id. Calig. 1:Romanus Ardeae turbatas seditione res... composuit,
Liv. 4, 10, 6; 3, 53, 1:legatorum res et bello turbatas,
id. 45, 16, 2:res Germanicas,
Suet. Vit. 9:discordias,
Tac. H. 4, 50:compositis praesentibus,
id. A. 1, 45:odia et certamina,
id. ib. 15, 2.—Less freq. transf., with the result as object:pacem componi volo Meo patri cum matre,
Plaut. Merc. 5, 2, 113:si pax cum Carthaginiensibus componi nequisset,
Liv. 30, 40, 13:at me conposita pace fefellit Amor,
Prop. 2, 2, 2:pax circa Brundusium composita,
Vell. 2, 75, 3:pacem cum Pyrrho,
Just. 18, 2, 6; cf. D. 2. infra.—Absol.:C. 1.coheredes mei conponere et transigere cupiebant,
Plin. Ep. 5, 1, 7; and so impers. pass.:posteaquam id quod maxime volui fieri non potuit, ut componeretur,
Cic. Rosc. Am. 47, 136:Pompei summam esse... voluntatem, ut componeretur atque ab armis discederetur,
Caes. B. C. 3, 16.—In gen., to arrange, adjust, order, set in order:2.aulaeis se superbis Aurea sponda, of one's attitude on a couch,
Verg. A. 1, 697:ad ictum militaris gladii conposita cervice,
Sen. Cons. Marc. 26, 2:diductis aedificia angulis vidimus moveri iterumque conponi,
id. Q. N. 6, 30, 4:si ad rem pertinet, quomodo caelo adfecto conpositisque sideribus quodque animal oriatur,
Cic. Div. 2, 47, 98:tibi enim gratias agebat, quod signa componenda suscepisses,
id. Att. 4, 9, 1.—Esp., milit. t. t.:3.se ad confligendum, Sisenn. ap. Non p. 257, 13: exercitum in hibernaculis, Sali J. 103, 1: in secunda (acie) cohortis, id. H. inc. Fragm. 44 Dietsch: stabant conpositi suis quisque ordinibus (opp. incompositi),
Liv. 44, 38, 11:conpositi numero in turmas,
Verg. A. 11, 599:cunctos licentia vagos compositus invadit = compositis ordinibus,
Tac. H. 4, 35:agmen,
id. ib. 2, 89; 5, 1; id. A. 12, 16:ordines,
id. H. 4, 33:vagos paventesque Vitellianos, sua quemque apud signa, componunt,
id. ib. 3, 35:pugnae exercitum,
id. A. 13, 40:auxilia in numerum legionis,
id. ib. 2, 80 Nipp. ad loc.:equitem per turmas,
id. ib. 15, 29:insidias in montibus,
Just. 1, 3, 11.—Of the order of words in language: quam lepide lexeis compostae! ut tesserulae omnes Arte pavimento atque emblemate vermiculato, Lucil. ap. Cic. de Or. 3, 43, 171; id. ap. Cic. Or. 44, 149; cf. id. ib. sq.:4.ut aptior sit oratio, ipsa verba compone,
id. Brut. 17, 68.—With reference to orderly appearance, etc., of the clothing, hair; the expression of the countenance, etc., to lay, smooth, adjust:5.suon quisque loco'st? Vide capillum, satin compositu'st commode?
Plaut. Most. 1, 3, 97:composito et delibuto capillo,
Cic. Rosc. Am. 46, 135:comas,
Ov. R. Am. 679:crines,
Verg. G. 4, 417:ne turbarentur comae, quas componi, etc.,
Quint. 11, 3, 148:togam,
to lay in proper folds, Hor. S. 2, 3, 77; Quint. 11, 3, 156; cf.:nec tamen ante adiit... Quam se composuit, quam circumspexit amictus,
Ov. M. 4, 318:pulvinum facili manu,
id. A. A. 1, 160; cf.torum,
id. F. 3, 484:jam libet componere voltus,
id. M. 13, 767:vultu composito, ne laeti excessu principis, etc.,
Tac. A. 1, 7; Plin. Ep. 3, 16, 5; cf.:(Tiberius) compositus ore,
id. ib. 2, 34:vultum natura horridum... efferabat, componens ad speculum in omnem terrorem,
distorting, Suet. Calig. 50.—In gen., to adjust, arrange, regulate, for the expression of something, or to accord with something; usu. ad aliquid:D.ad abstinentiam rursus, non secus ac modo ad balineum animum vultumque conposui,
Plin. Ep. 7, 1, 6:orationis ipsius vultus ad id, quod efficere intendimus, compositus,
Quint. 9, 1, 21:utraque manu ad modum aliquid portantium composita,
id. 11, 3, 120:ge. stum oratoris ad similitudinem saltationis,
id. 1, 11, 19:figuram ad imitationem alterius scripturae,
id. 9, 2, 34:nec ad votum composita civitas,
Tac. Or. 41:cuncta ad decorem inperi conposita,
id. H. 1, 71:cunctis ad tristitiam conpositis,
id. A. 3, 1. —Less freq. with dat.:voltus conponere famae Taedet,
to adapt, Tib. 4, 7, 9:venturis carbasa ventis,
Luc. 3, 596:me quoque mittendis rectum componite telis,
id. 3, 717. —With in:Nero itinera urbis... veste servili in dissimulationem sui compositus pererrabat,
disguised, made up, Tac. A. 13, 25. —To bring to a particular form or condition, to dispose, arrange, set in order, contrive, devise, prepare.(α).With acc.:(β).ego itinera sic composueram, ut Nonis Quinctilibus Puteolis essem,
Cic. Att. 15, 26, 3:quod adest memento Componere aequus,
Hor. C. 3, 29, 33:conposita atque constituta re publica,
Cic. Leg. 3, 18, 42:necdum compositis maturisve satis consiliis,
Liv. 4, 13, 5:(diem) totum in consideranda causa componendaque posuisse,
Cic. Brut. 22, 87:tempus in cognoscendis componendisque causis consumere,
id. Or. 42, 143:ex sententia omnibus rebus paratis conpositisque,
Sall. J. 43, 5; 94, 1:in senatu cuncta longis aliorum principatibus composita statim decernuntur,
Tac. H. 2, 55:dum quae forent firmando Neronis imperio componuntur,
id. A. 12, 68.—With ad or in and acc. of the purpose for which, or the example according to which, etc.:2.cum alteri placeat auspicia ista ad utilitatem esse rei publicae conposita,
Cic. Leg. 2, 13, 32:omnia ad voluptatem multitudinis inperitae,
Quint. 10, 1, 43:animum ad omnes casus,
id. 12, 9, 20; Val. Fl. 1, 321:satis igitur in hoc nos componet multa scribendi exercitatio,
Quint. 9, 4, 114:cultum victumque non ad nova exempla conponere, sed ut majorum mores suadent,
Sen. Tranq. 9, 2. —To arrange in agreement with others, to agree upon, contrive, devise, invent, conspire to make, etc.(α).In gen.: eum allegaverunt, suom qui servom diceret Cum auro esse apud me: conposita est fallacia, [p. 393] Ut, etc., Plaut. Poen. 3, 5, 29:(β).quin jam virginem Despondi: res composita'st,
Ter. Ad. 4, 7, 17:ita causa componitur, ut item palaestritae Bidini peterent ab Epicrate hereditatem,
Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 22, § 54:societatem praedarum cum latronibus conposuisse,
Sall. H. 4, 11 Dietsch:crimen ab inimicis Romae conpositum,
Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 61, § 141:conpositis inter se rebus,
Sall. J. 66, 2:ita conposito dolo digrediuntur,
id. ib. 111, 4:conposito jam consilio,
Liv. 3, 53, 3: ceteri proditores ea quae composita erant exspectabant;convenerat autem, etc.,
id. 25, 9, 8:sub noctem susurri Composita repetantur hora,
Hor. C. 1, 9, 20:ictum jam foedus, et omnes Conpositae leges,
Verg. A. 12, 315:compositis notis,
Tib. 1, 2, 22:crimen ac dolum ultro,
Tac. H. 1, 34:proditionem,
id. ib. 2, 100:seditionem,
id. ib. 4, 14:insidias,
id. ib. 5, 22; id. A. 12, 54; 13, 47: pacem componere, v. B. 5. supra.—With rel.-clause:(γ).cum summa concordia, quos dimitterent, quos retinerent, composuerunt,
Liv. 40, 40, 14.—With inf.:(δ).ii, secretis conloquiis conponunt Gallos concire,
Tac. A. 3, 40.—Pass. impers.:(ε).ut domi compositum cum Marcio erat,
Liv. 2, 37, 1.—With ut and subj.:3.compositum inter ipsos ut Latiaris strueret dolum,
Tac. A. 4, 68; cf. P. a. subst. —In gen., to feign, invent, devise, contrive, in order to deceive or delude, etc.: composita dicta, Att. ap. Non. p. 260, 22 (Trag. Rel. v. 47 Rib.):A.ne tu istic hodie malo tuo conpositis mendaciis Advenisti,
Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 211:nec bene mendaci risus conponitur ore,
Tib. 3, 6, 35 (3, 7, 3):sed vobis facile'st verba et conponere fraudes,
Prop. 2, 9, 31:insidias in me conponis inanes,
id. 2, 32 (3, 30), 19:compositas insidias fatoque evitatas ementitur,
Tac. A. 13, 47:si haec fabulosa et composita videntur,
id. Or. 12; id. Agr. 40:quae ut augendae famae composita, sic reliqua non in obscuro habentur,
id. A. 15, 16; cf.:vetustatem, ut cetera, in majus conponentem altores Jovis celebravisse,
exaggerating, Sall. H. 3, 60 Dietsch.— Part. perf. with in and acc., pretending, assuming the appearance or expression:(Domitianus) paratus simulatione, in adrogantiam compositus audiit preces,
Tac. Agr. 42:is in maestitiam compositus,
id. H. 2, 9; 1, 54:in securitatem,
id. A. 3, 44.—Rarely with ad:tunc compositus ad maestitiam,
Tac. A. 13, 20.— Hence, P. a.: compŏsĭtus ( - postus), a, um.Well-arranged, ordered, or constituted, orderly, regular:B.quae (injuria) dum foris sunt, nil videtur mundius, Nec magis compositum quicquam nec magis elegans,
Ter. Eun. 5, 4, 13: admiratus sum... sunchusin litterularum, quae solent tuae compositissimae et clarissimae esse, Cic. Att. 6, 9, 1:acrior impetu atque animis quam compositior ullo ordine pugna fuit,
Liv. 28, 22, 13:intellegitur, etiamsi non adjecero, conpositum ordinatumque fore talem virum,
Sen. Vit. Beat. 8, 3:composita et quieta et beata respublica,
Tac. Or. 36. —Of writings:quare in his quoque libris erant eadem aliqua... omnia vero compositiora et elaborata,
Quint. 1, pr. § 8; cf.:illa quae curam fatentur et ficta atque composita videri etiam volunt,
elaborate, id. 8, pr. § 23.— Transf., of the orator himself:si aut compositi oratoris bene structam collocationem dissolvas permutatione verborum,
Cic. Or. 70, 232.—Fitly disposed for any purpose, prepared, apt, fit, adapted, qualified, suitable, ready:C.perficiam ut nemo umquam paratior, vigilantior, compositior ad judicium venisse videatur,
Cic. Verr. 1, 1, 11; so,equus bene natura compositus,
Auct. Her. 4, 46, 59.— With ad or in and acc., or with dat.:arte quadam ab juventa in ostentationem (virtutum) compositus,
Liv. 26, 19, 3 Weissenb. ad loc.:alius historiae magis idoneus, alius compositus ad carmen,
Quint. 2, 8, 7:aeque in adulationem compositus (sacerdos),
Curt. 4, 7, 26:(Attici) non maxime ad risum compositi,
Quint. 6, 3, 18:natura atque arte compositus alliciendis etiam Muciani moribus,
Tac. H. 2, 5.—Quiet, peaceful, undisturbed, calm, composed, unimpassioned, etc.:D.ut peractis quae agenda fuerint salvo jam et composito die possis ibi manere,
Plin. Ep. 2, 17, 2:lenis et nitidi et compositi generis amatores,
Quint. 10, 1, 44:actio,
id. 11, 3, 110:aetas,
mature, sedate, Tac. A. 13, 1: adfectus mites atque compositi, Quint. 6, 2, 9:supercilium (opp. erectum),
id. 11, 3, 74:repetitio eorum (civium) labefactabat compositam civitatem,
Flor. 3, 23, 3.—Compound, composite, made up of parts (opp. simplex):(α).verba,
Quint. 1, 5, 3; 1, 6, 38; 7, 9, 5:voces,
id. 1, 5, 65; cf. id. 1, 5, 9; 2, 12, 3.—Hence, subst.: compŏsĭtum ( conp-), i, n., that which is agreed, an agreement, compact, etc.; only abl. in the phrases,Ex composito, according to agreement, by agreement, in concert, Sall. H. 2, 12 Dietsch:(β).tum ex composito orta vis,
Liv. 1, 9, 10; 5, 14, 2; 36, 25, 1; 40, 48, 4; Suet. Claud. 37; Tac. H. 4, 66.—De composito, by agreement, App. Mag. 1, p. 273; and,(γ).More rarely in the same sense, composito alone, Ter. Phorm. 5, 1, 29; Nep. Dat. 6, 6; Verg. A. 2, 129.—Hence also adv.: compŏsĭtē ( conp-), in an orderly, regular, or skilful manner, orderly, regularly, properly (class. but rare;not in Quint.): ambulare,
Col. 6, 2, 5:indutus,
Gell. 1, 5, 2:composite et apte dicere,
Cic. Or. 71, 236:composite, ornate, copiose eloqui,
id. De Or. 1, 11, 48:composite atque magnifice casum reipublicae miserati,
Sall. C. 51, 9:bene et composite disseruit,
id. Ib. 52.— Comp.:compositius cuncta quam festinantius agerent,
Tac. A. 15, 3. -
8 conposite
com-pōno ( conp-), posui (COMPOSEIVERVNT, C. I. L. 1, 199, 2), positum (compostus, Plaut. Mil. 4, 7, 21 Lorenz; Verg. A. 1, 249; Lucil. ap. Cic. de Or. 3, 43, 171; Varr ap. Sen. Ep. 56, 6), 3, v. a., to put, place, lay, bring or set together, to unite, join, connect, collect, aggregate, compose, to order, arrange, adjust, etc. (class. and very freq.).I.In gen., of different objects.A. 1.Of things in gen.:b.aridum lignum,
Hor. C. 3, 17, 14:composita fronde,
Prop. 1, 20, 22:uvas in tecto in cratibus,
Cato, R. R. 112, 2:in quo (loco) erant ea conposita, quibus rex te numerare constituerat,
Cic. Deiot. 6, 17:(amomum) manipulatim leniter componitur,
Plin. 12, 13, 28, § 48:amphoras in culleum,
Cato, R. R. 113, 2:ligna in caminum,
id. ib. 37, 5.—To bring into contact, fit together, join:c.quid... in operibus manu factis tam compositum tamque compactum et coagmentatum inveniri potest?
Cic. Fin. 3, 22, 74: cum poclo bibo eodem, amplector, labra labellis conpono, Lucil. ap. Non. p. 260, 28:tum latus conponit lateri et cum pectore pectus,
id. ib. p. 260, 30:conponens manibusque manus atque ori bus ora,
Verg. A. 8, 486:Mercurio Sais fertur Virgineum conposuisse latus,
Prop. 2, 2, 12; cf.caput,
Tib. 1, 5, 8.—Hence, of broken limbs, etc., med. t. t., to set:ossa,
Cels. 8, 10, 2:jugulum,
id. 8, 8, 8 et saep.—Esp., to pack up for a journey, etc.:2.omnia composta sunt quae donavi,
Plaut. Mil. 4, 7, 21:i ergo intro et compone quae tecum simul Ferantur,
Ter. Hec. 4, 3, 5:dum tota domus raeda componitur una,
Juv. 3, 10.—Of persons:B.is (Saturnus) genus indocile ac dispersum montibus altis Composuit,
Verg. A. 8, 322:et tabula una duos poterit componere amantes,
Prop. 2, 26, 33 (3, 22, 13); cf. II. C. 5. infra.—To set in opposition.1.To bring together in hostility, to oppose, to couple, pair, match in combat (cf. compositio, III.); esp. of gladiators, etc.: Samnis, spurcus homo, cum Pacideiano conponitur, optimus multo Post homines natos gladiator qui fuit unus, Lucil. Sat. ap. Non. p. 257, 18; cf. Cic. Opt. Gen. 6, 17:2.Rupili et Persi par pugnat, uti non Compositum melius cum Bitho Bacchius,
Hor. S. 1, 7, 20 Orell. ad loc.:staturam habere Threcis cum Threce conpositi,
Sen. Q. N. 4, praef. 8;and in gen.: si quis casus duos inter se bonos viros composuerit,
Quint. 2, 17, 34:cuive virum mallem memet componere,
Sil. 10, 70:componimur Vecordi Decio,
id. 11, 212:hunc fatis,
id. 1, 39:cum ventis, pelagique furentibus undis Composuit mortale genus,
Luc. 3, 196;and fig.: pergis pugnantia secum Frontibus adversis componere,
Hor. S. 1, 1, 103:ecce par deo dignum, vir fortis cum fortuna mala conpositus,
Sen. Prov. 1, 2, 9:non illa (rhetorice) secum ipsa componitur,
Quint. 2, 17, 33;and of a judicial contest: accita Epicharis et cum indice composita,
confronted, Tac. A. 15, 51; 16, 10.—To oppose by way of comparison, to compare, contrast.(α).With acc. and dat.: quid est, cur componere ausis mihi te aut me tibi? Att. ap. Non. p. 257, 15 (Trag. Rel. v. 147 Rib.):(β).nec divis homines componier aequom'st,
Cat. 68, 141: composita dicta evolvunt, Quae cum componas, dicta factis discrepant, Att. ap. Non. p. 260, 21 (Trag. Rel. v. 48 Rib.):si parva licet conponere magnis,
Verg. G. 4, 176:parvis conponere magna solebam,
id. E. 1, 23; Ov. M. 5, [p. 392] 416:audes cladi componere nostrae, Nympha, tuam?
id. ib. 15, 530:divinis humana,
Aus. Ecl. 1, 10.—With acc. and cum:II.ubi Metelli dicta cum factis conposuit,
Sall. J. 48, 1: causam suam cum causa adversarii. Quint. 7, 2, 22.In partic.A.Of the parts of a whole, or of a whole as made up of parts.1. (α).With ex:(β).exercitus ejus conpositus ex variis gentibus,
Sall. J. 18, 3:genus humanum ex corpore et anima conpositum,
id. ib. 2, 1:liber ex alienis orationibus compositus,
Cic. Div. in Caecil. 14, 47:antidoton... ex multis atque interim contrariis quoque inter se effectibus,
Quint. 1, 10, 6:ex quo (umore) componi debet (medicamentum),
Cels. 6, 7, 1 fin. —With abl.:(γ).mensam gramine,
Sil. 15, 51.—With acc. alone:2.medicamentum,
Col. 6, 4, 1; Scrib. Comp. 10.—Esp., of buildings, etc., to construct, build:3.qui cuncta conposuit,
i. e. the Creator, Cic. Univ. 13:urbem,
Verg. A. 3, 387:illa (templa) deis,
Ov. F. 1, 708 Burm. ad loc.:aggere conposito tumuli,
Verg. A. 7, 6:deletas Thebas,
Prop. 2, 6, 5.—Of words, to compound:4.vitilitigatores ex vitiis et litigatoribus, Plin. praef. § 32: verba composita (opp. simplicia),
Quint. 1, 5, 3.—Of writings, speeches, etc.a.To compose, write, construct (very freq.):b.leges,
Lucr. 4, 966:compone hoc, quod postulo, de argento: de reliquo videro,
Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 16, § 36:quartum librum,
id. de Or. 2, 55, 224:libros,
id. Fam. 16, 20; Plin. Ep. 9, 9, 1:libellos,
Quint. 12, 8, 5:actiones,
Cic. Att. 6, 1, 8; Quint. 11, 3, 68:argumentum,
Cic. Att. 15, 4, 3:edictum eis verbis,
id. Verr. 2, 1, 45, § 116:edictum eorum arbitratu,
id. ib. 2, 1, 46, §119: artes,
books of instruction, id. Brut. 12, 48; id. Ac. 2, 13, 40:artificium,
id. de Or. 2, 19, 83:commentarium consulatus mei,
id. Att. 1, 19, 10; Quint. 1, 8, 19:quarum (litterarum) exemplum,
Cic. Agr. 2, 20, 53:quandam disciplinae formulam,
id. Ac. 1, 4, 17:stipulationum et judiciorum formulas,
id. Leg. 1, 4, 14:interdictum,
id. Caecin. 21, 59:poema,
id. ad Q. Fr. 3, 1, 4; cf. Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 77; Ov. Tr. 5, 12, 60:senatus consultum,
Cic. Fam. 10, 22, 2:testimonium,
id. Att. 15, 15, 1:verba ad religionem deorum immortalium,
id. Dom. 47, 124:de judicialibus causis aliqua,
Quint. 3, 6, 104:aliquid de ratione dicendi, id. prooem. 1: quae de ortu vitaque Scapulae composita erant,
Tac. A. 16, 14:Apion... inmortalitate donari a se scripsit ad quos aliqua conponebat, Plin. praef. § 25: carmen,
Cic. Mur. 12, 26:carmina,
Tac. Or. 12; id. A. 3, 49:epistulas,
id. ib. 2, 70:litteras nomine Marcelli,
Liv. 27, 28, 4; Tac. A. 11, 20:orationem habere ad conciliandos plebis animos conpositam,
Liv. 1, 35, 2:blanditias tremula voce,
Tib. 1, 2, 91:meditata manu verba trementi,
Ov. M. 9, 521:versus,
Hor. S. 1, 4, 8:mollem versum,
Prop. 1, 7, 19:cantus,
Tib. 1, 2, 53:in morem annalium,
Tac. Or. 22:orationes adversus aliquem,
id. ib. 37:litteras ad aliquem,
id. A. 15, 8; 14, 22:probra in Gaium,
id. ib. 6, 9;14, 50: multa et atrocia in Macronem,
id. ib. 6, 44 (38) et saep.—Transf., of the subjects, etc., treated, to write about, treat, celebrate:B.tuas laudes,
Tib. 4, 1, 35:res gestas,
Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 251:tempora Iliaca,
Vell. 1, 3, 2:bellum Troicum,
id. 1, 5, 3:Juli Africani vitam componendo, spem hominibus fecisti plurium ejus modi librorum,
Tac. Or. 14:veteres populi Romani res,
id. A. 4, 32:Neronis res,
id. ib. 1, 1; 11, 11.—From the notion of closing.1.To put away, put aside, put in place:2.armamentis conplicandis, conponendis studuimus,
i. e. folding up the sails and lowering the masts, Plaut. Merc. 1, 2, 80:(tempus) ad componenda armamenta expediendumque remigem,
Liv. 26, 39, 8:vela contrahit malosque inclinat et simul armamenta componens, etc.,
id. 36, 44, 2:arma,
Hor. C. 4, 14, 52:tristes istos conpone libellos,
put aside, Prop. 1, 9, 13.—To store up, put away, collect:3.nec... Aut conponere opes norant aut parcere parto,
Verg. A. 8, 317:ego conposito securus acervo Despiciam dites,
Tib. 1, 1, 77;so fig.: condo et compono quae mox depromere possim,
Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 12.— So esp. to preserve, pack, put up fruits, meat, etc., for future use:pernas,
Cato, R. R. 162, 12:tergora (suis),
Col. 12, 55, 2: siccatos coliculos, id. 12, 9, 1:caepam in fidelia,
id. 12, 10, 2:herbas,
id. 12, 13, 2:poma,
id. 12, 47, 5:olivas,
Pall. Nov. 22, 5:herbam olla nova,
Scrib. Comp. 60:faenum,
Dig. 19, 2, 11, § 4:fructus in urceis, capsellis,
ib. 33, 7, 12, §1.—Of the ashes or remains of the dead, to adjust, lay out, to collect and inurn, inter, bury:4. a.tu mea conpones et dices, ossa, Properti, Haec tua sunt,
Prop. 2, 24, 35 (3, 19, 19):cinerem,
Ov. F. 3, 547:cinerem ossaque,
Val. Fl. 7, 203:sic ego conponi versus in ossa velim,
Tib. 3, 2, 26.—Hence, in gen., of persons, to bury:quem... prope cognatos conpositum cineres,
Cat. 68, 98:omnes composui (meos),
Hor. S. 1, 9, 28:compositi busta avi,
Ov. F. 5, 426:Pisonem Verania uxor... T. Vinium Crispina filia composuere,
Tac. H. 1, 47:componi tumulo eodem,
Ov. M. 4, 157:toro Mortua componar,
id. ib. 9, 504:alto Conpositus lecto,
Pers. 3, 104:aliquem terra,
Sil. 9, 95.—Of things: omnia noctis erant placida composta quiete, Varr. Atac. ap. Sen. Contr. 3, 16:b.cum mare compositum est,
Ov. A. A. 3, 259:aquas,
id. H. 13, 136:fessum tumentes Composuit pelagus ventis patientibus undas,
Luc. 5, 702.—Of persons:5.nec vigilantibus, sed etiam quiete compositis,
Quint. 11, 2, 5:ubi jam thalamis se conposuere,
Verg. G. 4, 189:defessa membra,
id. ib. 4, 438:si bene conpositus somno vinoque jacebit,
Ov. Am. 1, 4, 53.—To end strife, confusion, etc., to compose, pacify, allay, settle, calm, appease, quiet, tranquillize, reconcile, etc., that which is disturbed or at variance.a.With personal object:b.aversos amicos,
Hor. S. 1, 5, 29:ceteros clementia,
Tac. A. 12, 55:comitia praetorum,
id. ib. 14, 28; id. H. 1, 85:juvenes concitatos,
Quint. 1, 10, 32; cf.:barbarum animos,
Tac. A. 14, 39:gentem,
Sil. 17, 356.—Esp. of the mind:prima (pars philosophiae) conponit animum,
Sen. Ep. 89, 9:argumentum conpositae mentis,
id. ib. 2, 1; Cels. 3, 18; Sil. 11, 352:mentem somno,
id. 3, 162:religio saevas componit mentis,
id. 13, 317.—Of places, countries, etc.:c.C. Caesar componendae Armeniae deligitur,
Tac. A. 2, 4:Campaniam,
id. H. 4, 3:Daciam,
id. ib. 3, 53.—With abstr. or indef. objects:d.si possum hoc inter vos conponere,
Plaut. Curc. 5, 3, 23; cf.:vides, inter nos sic haec potius cum bona Ut componamus gratia quam cum mala?
Ter. Phorm. 4, 3, 17:gaudens conponi foedere bellum,
Verg. A. 12, 109; so,bellum,
Sall. J. 97, 2; Nep. Hann. 6, 2; id. Alcib. 8, 3; Vell. 2, 25, 1; Asin. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 33, 3:bella,
Tac. A. 3, 56:cum vellet pro communi amico controversias regum componere,
Caes. B. C. 3, 109:uti per colloquia omnes controversiae componantur,
id. ib. 1, 9 fin.:curas,
Verg. A. 4, 341; Sil. 12, 682:lites,
Verg. E. 3, 108:seditionem civilem,
Suet. Caes. 4:statum Orientis,
id. Calig. 1:Romanus Ardeae turbatas seditione res... composuit,
Liv. 4, 10, 6; 3, 53, 1:legatorum res et bello turbatas,
id. 45, 16, 2:res Germanicas,
Suet. Vit. 9:discordias,
Tac. H. 4, 50:compositis praesentibus,
id. A. 1, 45:odia et certamina,
id. ib. 15, 2.—Less freq. transf., with the result as object:pacem componi volo Meo patri cum matre,
Plaut. Merc. 5, 2, 113:si pax cum Carthaginiensibus componi nequisset,
Liv. 30, 40, 13:at me conposita pace fefellit Amor,
Prop. 2, 2, 2:pax circa Brundusium composita,
Vell. 2, 75, 3:pacem cum Pyrrho,
Just. 18, 2, 6; cf. D. 2. infra.—Absol.:C. 1.coheredes mei conponere et transigere cupiebant,
Plin. Ep. 5, 1, 7; and so impers. pass.:posteaquam id quod maxime volui fieri non potuit, ut componeretur,
Cic. Rosc. Am. 47, 136:Pompei summam esse... voluntatem, ut componeretur atque ab armis discederetur,
Caes. B. C. 3, 16.—In gen., to arrange, adjust, order, set in order:2.aulaeis se superbis Aurea sponda, of one's attitude on a couch,
Verg. A. 1, 697:ad ictum militaris gladii conposita cervice,
Sen. Cons. Marc. 26, 2:diductis aedificia angulis vidimus moveri iterumque conponi,
id. Q. N. 6, 30, 4:si ad rem pertinet, quomodo caelo adfecto conpositisque sideribus quodque animal oriatur,
Cic. Div. 2, 47, 98:tibi enim gratias agebat, quod signa componenda suscepisses,
id. Att. 4, 9, 1.—Esp., milit. t. t.:3.se ad confligendum, Sisenn. ap. Non p. 257, 13: exercitum in hibernaculis, Sali J. 103, 1: in secunda (acie) cohortis, id. H. inc. Fragm. 44 Dietsch: stabant conpositi suis quisque ordinibus (opp. incompositi),
Liv. 44, 38, 11:conpositi numero in turmas,
Verg. A. 11, 599:cunctos licentia vagos compositus invadit = compositis ordinibus,
Tac. H. 4, 35:agmen,
id. ib. 2, 89; 5, 1; id. A. 12, 16:ordines,
id. H. 4, 33:vagos paventesque Vitellianos, sua quemque apud signa, componunt,
id. ib. 3, 35:pugnae exercitum,
id. A. 13, 40:auxilia in numerum legionis,
id. ib. 2, 80 Nipp. ad loc.:equitem per turmas,
id. ib. 15, 29:insidias in montibus,
Just. 1, 3, 11.—Of the order of words in language: quam lepide lexeis compostae! ut tesserulae omnes Arte pavimento atque emblemate vermiculato, Lucil. ap. Cic. de Or. 3, 43, 171; id. ap. Cic. Or. 44, 149; cf. id. ib. sq.:4.ut aptior sit oratio, ipsa verba compone,
id. Brut. 17, 68.—With reference to orderly appearance, etc., of the clothing, hair; the expression of the countenance, etc., to lay, smooth, adjust:5.suon quisque loco'st? Vide capillum, satin compositu'st commode?
Plaut. Most. 1, 3, 97:composito et delibuto capillo,
Cic. Rosc. Am. 46, 135:comas,
Ov. R. Am. 679:crines,
Verg. G. 4, 417:ne turbarentur comae, quas componi, etc.,
Quint. 11, 3, 148:togam,
to lay in proper folds, Hor. S. 2, 3, 77; Quint. 11, 3, 156; cf.:nec tamen ante adiit... Quam se composuit, quam circumspexit amictus,
Ov. M. 4, 318:pulvinum facili manu,
id. A. A. 1, 160; cf.torum,
id. F. 3, 484:jam libet componere voltus,
id. M. 13, 767:vultu composito, ne laeti excessu principis, etc.,
Tac. A. 1, 7; Plin. Ep. 3, 16, 5; cf.:(Tiberius) compositus ore,
id. ib. 2, 34:vultum natura horridum... efferabat, componens ad speculum in omnem terrorem,
distorting, Suet. Calig. 50.—In gen., to adjust, arrange, regulate, for the expression of something, or to accord with something; usu. ad aliquid:D.ad abstinentiam rursus, non secus ac modo ad balineum animum vultumque conposui,
Plin. Ep. 7, 1, 6:orationis ipsius vultus ad id, quod efficere intendimus, compositus,
Quint. 9, 1, 21:utraque manu ad modum aliquid portantium composita,
id. 11, 3, 120:ge. stum oratoris ad similitudinem saltationis,
id. 1, 11, 19:figuram ad imitationem alterius scripturae,
id. 9, 2, 34:nec ad votum composita civitas,
Tac. Or. 41:cuncta ad decorem inperi conposita,
id. H. 1, 71:cunctis ad tristitiam conpositis,
id. A. 3, 1. —Less freq. with dat.:voltus conponere famae Taedet,
to adapt, Tib. 4, 7, 9:venturis carbasa ventis,
Luc. 3, 596:me quoque mittendis rectum componite telis,
id. 3, 717. —With in:Nero itinera urbis... veste servili in dissimulationem sui compositus pererrabat,
disguised, made up, Tac. A. 13, 25. —To bring to a particular form or condition, to dispose, arrange, set in order, contrive, devise, prepare.(α).With acc.:(β).ego itinera sic composueram, ut Nonis Quinctilibus Puteolis essem,
Cic. Att. 15, 26, 3:quod adest memento Componere aequus,
Hor. C. 3, 29, 33:conposita atque constituta re publica,
Cic. Leg. 3, 18, 42:necdum compositis maturisve satis consiliis,
Liv. 4, 13, 5:(diem) totum in consideranda causa componendaque posuisse,
Cic. Brut. 22, 87:tempus in cognoscendis componendisque causis consumere,
id. Or. 42, 143:ex sententia omnibus rebus paratis conpositisque,
Sall. J. 43, 5; 94, 1:in senatu cuncta longis aliorum principatibus composita statim decernuntur,
Tac. H. 2, 55:dum quae forent firmando Neronis imperio componuntur,
id. A. 12, 68.—With ad or in and acc. of the purpose for which, or the example according to which, etc.:2.cum alteri placeat auspicia ista ad utilitatem esse rei publicae conposita,
Cic. Leg. 2, 13, 32:omnia ad voluptatem multitudinis inperitae,
Quint. 10, 1, 43:animum ad omnes casus,
id. 12, 9, 20; Val. Fl. 1, 321:satis igitur in hoc nos componet multa scribendi exercitatio,
Quint. 9, 4, 114:cultum victumque non ad nova exempla conponere, sed ut majorum mores suadent,
Sen. Tranq. 9, 2. —To arrange in agreement with others, to agree upon, contrive, devise, invent, conspire to make, etc.(α).In gen.: eum allegaverunt, suom qui servom diceret Cum auro esse apud me: conposita est fallacia, [p. 393] Ut, etc., Plaut. Poen. 3, 5, 29:(β).quin jam virginem Despondi: res composita'st,
Ter. Ad. 4, 7, 17:ita causa componitur, ut item palaestritae Bidini peterent ab Epicrate hereditatem,
Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 22, § 54:societatem praedarum cum latronibus conposuisse,
Sall. H. 4, 11 Dietsch:crimen ab inimicis Romae conpositum,
Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 61, § 141:conpositis inter se rebus,
Sall. J. 66, 2:ita conposito dolo digrediuntur,
id. ib. 111, 4:conposito jam consilio,
Liv. 3, 53, 3: ceteri proditores ea quae composita erant exspectabant;convenerat autem, etc.,
id. 25, 9, 8:sub noctem susurri Composita repetantur hora,
Hor. C. 1, 9, 20:ictum jam foedus, et omnes Conpositae leges,
Verg. A. 12, 315:compositis notis,
Tib. 1, 2, 22:crimen ac dolum ultro,
Tac. H. 1, 34:proditionem,
id. ib. 2, 100:seditionem,
id. ib. 4, 14:insidias,
id. ib. 5, 22; id. A. 12, 54; 13, 47: pacem componere, v. B. 5. supra.—With rel.-clause:(γ).cum summa concordia, quos dimitterent, quos retinerent, composuerunt,
Liv. 40, 40, 14.—With inf.:(δ).ii, secretis conloquiis conponunt Gallos concire,
Tac. A. 3, 40.—Pass. impers.:(ε).ut domi compositum cum Marcio erat,
Liv. 2, 37, 1.—With ut and subj.:3.compositum inter ipsos ut Latiaris strueret dolum,
Tac. A. 4, 68; cf. P. a. subst. —In gen., to feign, invent, devise, contrive, in order to deceive or delude, etc.: composita dicta, Att. ap. Non. p. 260, 22 (Trag. Rel. v. 47 Rib.):A.ne tu istic hodie malo tuo conpositis mendaciis Advenisti,
Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 211:nec bene mendaci risus conponitur ore,
Tib. 3, 6, 35 (3, 7, 3):sed vobis facile'st verba et conponere fraudes,
Prop. 2, 9, 31:insidias in me conponis inanes,
id. 2, 32 (3, 30), 19:compositas insidias fatoque evitatas ementitur,
Tac. A. 13, 47:si haec fabulosa et composita videntur,
id. Or. 12; id. Agr. 40:quae ut augendae famae composita, sic reliqua non in obscuro habentur,
id. A. 15, 16; cf.:vetustatem, ut cetera, in majus conponentem altores Jovis celebravisse,
exaggerating, Sall. H. 3, 60 Dietsch.— Part. perf. with in and acc., pretending, assuming the appearance or expression:(Domitianus) paratus simulatione, in adrogantiam compositus audiit preces,
Tac. Agr. 42:is in maestitiam compositus,
id. H. 2, 9; 1, 54:in securitatem,
id. A. 3, 44.—Rarely with ad:tunc compositus ad maestitiam,
Tac. A. 13, 20.— Hence, P. a.: compŏsĭtus ( - postus), a, um.Well-arranged, ordered, or constituted, orderly, regular:B.quae (injuria) dum foris sunt, nil videtur mundius, Nec magis compositum quicquam nec magis elegans,
Ter. Eun. 5, 4, 13: admiratus sum... sunchusin litterularum, quae solent tuae compositissimae et clarissimae esse, Cic. Att. 6, 9, 1:acrior impetu atque animis quam compositior ullo ordine pugna fuit,
Liv. 28, 22, 13:intellegitur, etiamsi non adjecero, conpositum ordinatumque fore talem virum,
Sen. Vit. Beat. 8, 3:composita et quieta et beata respublica,
Tac. Or. 36. —Of writings:quare in his quoque libris erant eadem aliqua... omnia vero compositiora et elaborata,
Quint. 1, pr. § 8; cf.:illa quae curam fatentur et ficta atque composita videri etiam volunt,
elaborate, id. 8, pr. § 23.— Transf., of the orator himself:si aut compositi oratoris bene structam collocationem dissolvas permutatione verborum,
Cic. Or. 70, 232.—Fitly disposed for any purpose, prepared, apt, fit, adapted, qualified, suitable, ready:C.perficiam ut nemo umquam paratior, vigilantior, compositior ad judicium venisse videatur,
Cic. Verr. 1, 1, 11; so,equus bene natura compositus,
Auct. Her. 4, 46, 59.— With ad or in and acc., or with dat.:arte quadam ab juventa in ostentationem (virtutum) compositus,
Liv. 26, 19, 3 Weissenb. ad loc.:alius historiae magis idoneus, alius compositus ad carmen,
Quint. 2, 8, 7:aeque in adulationem compositus (sacerdos),
Curt. 4, 7, 26:(Attici) non maxime ad risum compositi,
Quint. 6, 3, 18:natura atque arte compositus alliciendis etiam Muciani moribus,
Tac. H. 2, 5.—Quiet, peaceful, undisturbed, calm, composed, unimpassioned, etc.:D.ut peractis quae agenda fuerint salvo jam et composito die possis ibi manere,
Plin. Ep. 2, 17, 2:lenis et nitidi et compositi generis amatores,
Quint. 10, 1, 44:actio,
id. 11, 3, 110:aetas,
mature, sedate, Tac. A. 13, 1: adfectus mites atque compositi, Quint. 6, 2, 9:supercilium (opp. erectum),
id. 11, 3, 74:repetitio eorum (civium) labefactabat compositam civitatem,
Flor. 3, 23, 3.—Compound, composite, made up of parts (opp. simplex):(α).verba,
Quint. 1, 5, 3; 1, 6, 38; 7, 9, 5:voces,
id. 1, 5, 65; cf. id. 1, 5, 9; 2, 12, 3.—Hence, subst.: compŏsĭtum ( conp-), i, n., that which is agreed, an agreement, compact, etc.; only abl. in the phrases,Ex composito, according to agreement, by agreement, in concert, Sall. H. 2, 12 Dietsch:(β).tum ex composito orta vis,
Liv. 1, 9, 10; 5, 14, 2; 36, 25, 1; 40, 48, 4; Suet. Claud. 37; Tac. H. 4, 66.—De composito, by agreement, App. Mag. 1, p. 273; and,(γ).More rarely in the same sense, composito alone, Ter. Phorm. 5, 1, 29; Nep. Dat. 6, 6; Verg. A. 2, 129.—Hence also adv.: compŏsĭtē ( conp-), in an orderly, regular, or skilful manner, orderly, regularly, properly (class. but rare;not in Quint.): ambulare,
Col. 6, 2, 5:indutus,
Gell. 1, 5, 2:composite et apte dicere,
Cic. Or. 71, 236:composite, ornate, copiose eloqui,
id. De Or. 1, 11, 48:composite atque magnifice casum reipublicae miserati,
Sall. C. 51, 9:bene et composite disseruit,
id. Ib. 52.— Comp.:compositius cuncta quam festinantius agerent,
Tac. A. 15, 3. -
9 conpositum
com-pōno ( conp-), posui (COMPOSEIVERVNT, C. I. L. 1, 199, 2), positum (compostus, Plaut. Mil. 4, 7, 21 Lorenz; Verg. A. 1, 249; Lucil. ap. Cic. de Or. 3, 43, 171; Varr ap. Sen. Ep. 56, 6), 3, v. a., to put, place, lay, bring or set together, to unite, join, connect, collect, aggregate, compose, to order, arrange, adjust, etc. (class. and very freq.).I.In gen., of different objects.A. 1.Of things in gen.:b.aridum lignum,
Hor. C. 3, 17, 14:composita fronde,
Prop. 1, 20, 22:uvas in tecto in cratibus,
Cato, R. R. 112, 2:in quo (loco) erant ea conposita, quibus rex te numerare constituerat,
Cic. Deiot. 6, 17:(amomum) manipulatim leniter componitur,
Plin. 12, 13, 28, § 48:amphoras in culleum,
Cato, R. R. 113, 2:ligna in caminum,
id. ib. 37, 5.—To bring into contact, fit together, join:c.quid... in operibus manu factis tam compositum tamque compactum et coagmentatum inveniri potest?
Cic. Fin. 3, 22, 74: cum poclo bibo eodem, amplector, labra labellis conpono, Lucil. ap. Non. p. 260, 28:tum latus conponit lateri et cum pectore pectus,
id. ib. p. 260, 30:conponens manibusque manus atque ori bus ora,
Verg. A. 8, 486:Mercurio Sais fertur Virgineum conposuisse latus,
Prop. 2, 2, 12; cf.caput,
Tib. 1, 5, 8.—Hence, of broken limbs, etc., med. t. t., to set:ossa,
Cels. 8, 10, 2:jugulum,
id. 8, 8, 8 et saep.—Esp., to pack up for a journey, etc.:2.omnia composta sunt quae donavi,
Plaut. Mil. 4, 7, 21:i ergo intro et compone quae tecum simul Ferantur,
Ter. Hec. 4, 3, 5:dum tota domus raeda componitur una,
Juv. 3, 10.—Of persons:B.is (Saturnus) genus indocile ac dispersum montibus altis Composuit,
Verg. A. 8, 322:et tabula una duos poterit componere amantes,
Prop. 2, 26, 33 (3, 22, 13); cf. II. C. 5. infra.—To set in opposition.1.To bring together in hostility, to oppose, to couple, pair, match in combat (cf. compositio, III.); esp. of gladiators, etc.: Samnis, spurcus homo, cum Pacideiano conponitur, optimus multo Post homines natos gladiator qui fuit unus, Lucil. Sat. ap. Non. p. 257, 18; cf. Cic. Opt. Gen. 6, 17:2.Rupili et Persi par pugnat, uti non Compositum melius cum Bitho Bacchius,
Hor. S. 1, 7, 20 Orell. ad loc.:staturam habere Threcis cum Threce conpositi,
Sen. Q. N. 4, praef. 8;and in gen.: si quis casus duos inter se bonos viros composuerit,
Quint. 2, 17, 34:cuive virum mallem memet componere,
Sil. 10, 70:componimur Vecordi Decio,
id. 11, 212:hunc fatis,
id. 1, 39:cum ventis, pelagique furentibus undis Composuit mortale genus,
Luc. 3, 196;and fig.: pergis pugnantia secum Frontibus adversis componere,
Hor. S. 1, 1, 103:ecce par deo dignum, vir fortis cum fortuna mala conpositus,
Sen. Prov. 1, 2, 9:non illa (rhetorice) secum ipsa componitur,
Quint. 2, 17, 33;and of a judicial contest: accita Epicharis et cum indice composita,
confronted, Tac. A. 15, 51; 16, 10.—To oppose by way of comparison, to compare, contrast.(α).With acc. and dat.: quid est, cur componere ausis mihi te aut me tibi? Att. ap. Non. p. 257, 15 (Trag. Rel. v. 147 Rib.):(β).nec divis homines componier aequom'st,
Cat. 68, 141: composita dicta evolvunt, Quae cum componas, dicta factis discrepant, Att. ap. Non. p. 260, 21 (Trag. Rel. v. 48 Rib.):si parva licet conponere magnis,
Verg. G. 4, 176:parvis conponere magna solebam,
id. E. 1, 23; Ov. M. 5, [p. 392] 416:audes cladi componere nostrae, Nympha, tuam?
id. ib. 15, 530:divinis humana,
Aus. Ecl. 1, 10.—With acc. and cum:II.ubi Metelli dicta cum factis conposuit,
Sall. J. 48, 1: causam suam cum causa adversarii. Quint. 7, 2, 22.In partic.A.Of the parts of a whole, or of a whole as made up of parts.1. (α).With ex:(β).exercitus ejus conpositus ex variis gentibus,
Sall. J. 18, 3:genus humanum ex corpore et anima conpositum,
id. ib. 2, 1:liber ex alienis orationibus compositus,
Cic. Div. in Caecil. 14, 47:antidoton... ex multis atque interim contrariis quoque inter se effectibus,
Quint. 1, 10, 6:ex quo (umore) componi debet (medicamentum),
Cels. 6, 7, 1 fin. —With abl.:(γ).mensam gramine,
Sil. 15, 51.—With acc. alone:2.medicamentum,
Col. 6, 4, 1; Scrib. Comp. 10.—Esp., of buildings, etc., to construct, build:3.qui cuncta conposuit,
i. e. the Creator, Cic. Univ. 13:urbem,
Verg. A. 3, 387:illa (templa) deis,
Ov. F. 1, 708 Burm. ad loc.:aggere conposito tumuli,
Verg. A. 7, 6:deletas Thebas,
Prop. 2, 6, 5.—Of words, to compound:4.vitilitigatores ex vitiis et litigatoribus, Plin. praef. § 32: verba composita (opp. simplicia),
Quint. 1, 5, 3.—Of writings, speeches, etc.a.To compose, write, construct (very freq.):b.leges,
Lucr. 4, 966:compone hoc, quod postulo, de argento: de reliquo videro,
Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 16, § 36:quartum librum,
id. de Or. 2, 55, 224:libros,
id. Fam. 16, 20; Plin. Ep. 9, 9, 1:libellos,
Quint. 12, 8, 5:actiones,
Cic. Att. 6, 1, 8; Quint. 11, 3, 68:argumentum,
Cic. Att. 15, 4, 3:edictum eis verbis,
id. Verr. 2, 1, 45, § 116:edictum eorum arbitratu,
id. ib. 2, 1, 46, §119: artes,
books of instruction, id. Brut. 12, 48; id. Ac. 2, 13, 40:artificium,
id. de Or. 2, 19, 83:commentarium consulatus mei,
id. Att. 1, 19, 10; Quint. 1, 8, 19:quarum (litterarum) exemplum,
Cic. Agr. 2, 20, 53:quandam disciplinae formulam,
id. Ac. 1, 4, 17:stipulationum et judiciorum formulas,
id. Leg. 1, 4, 14:interdictum,
id. Caecin. 21, 59:poema,
id. ad Q. Fr. 3, 1, 4; cf. Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 77; Ov. Tr. 5, 12, 60:senatus consultum,
Cic. Fam. 10, 22, 2:testimonium,
id. Att. 15, 15, 1:verba ad religionem deorum immortalium,
id. Dom. 47, 124:de judicialibus causis aliqua,
Quint. 3, 6, 104:aliquid de ratione dicendi, id. prooem. 1: quae de ortu vitaque Scapulae composita erant,
Tac. A. 16, 14:Apion... inmortalitate donari a se scripsit ad quos aliqua conponebat, Plin. praef. § 25: carmen,
Cic. Mur. 12, 26:carmina,
Tac. Or. 12; id. A. 3, 49:epistulas,
id. ib. 2, 70:litteras nomine Marcelli,
Liv. 27, 28, 4; Tac. A. 11, 20:orationem habere ad conciliandos plebis animos conpositam,
Liv. 1, 35, 2:blanditias tremula voce,
Tib. 1, 2, 91:meditata manu verba trementi,
Ov. M. 9, 521:versus,
Hor. S. 1, 4, 8:mollem versum,
Prop. 1, 7, 19:cantus,
Tib. 1, 2, 53:in morem annalium,
Tac. Or. 22:orationes adversus aliquem,
id. ib. 37:litteras ad aliquem,
id. A. 15, 8; 14, 22:probra in Gaium,
id. ib. 6, 9;14, 50: multa et atrocia in Macronem,
id. ib. 6, 44 (38) et saep.—Transf., of the subjects, etc., treated, to write about, treat, celebrate:B.tuas laudes,
Tib. 4, 1, 35:res gestas,
Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 251:tempora Iliaca,
Vell. 1, 3, 2:bellum Troicum,
id. 1, 5, 3:Juli Africani vitam componendo, spem hominibus fecisti plurium ejus modi librorum,
Tac. Or. 14:veteres populi Romani res,
id. A. 4, 32:Neronis res,
id. ib. 1, 1; 11, 11.—From the notion of closing.1.To put away, put aside, put in place:2.armamentis conplicandis, conponendis studuimus,
i. e. folding up the sails and lowering the masts, Plaut. Merc. 1, 2, 80:(tempus) ad componenda armamenta expediendumque remigem,
Liv. 26, 39, 8:vela contrahit malosque inclinat et simul armamenta componens, etc.,
id. 36, 44, 2:arma,
Hor. C. 4, 14, 52:tristes istos conpone libellos,
put aside, Prop. 1, 9, 13.—To store up, put away, collect:3.nec... Aut conponere opes norant aut parcere parto,
Verg. A. 8, 317:ego conposito securus acervo Despiciam dites,
Tib. 1, 1, 77;so fig.: condo et compono quae mox depromere possim,
Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 12.— So esp. to preserve, pack, put up fruits, meat, etc., for future use:pernas,
Cato, R. R. 162, 12:tergora (suis),
Col. 12, 55, 2: siccatos coliculos, id. 12, 9, 1:caepam in fidelia,
id. 12, 10, 2:herbas,
id. 12, 13, 2:poma,
id. 12, 47, 5:olivas,
Pall. Nov. 22, 5:herbam olla nova,
Scrib. Comp. 60:faenum,
Dig. 19, 2, 11, § 4:fructus in urceis, capsellis,
ib. 33, 7, 12, §1.—Of the ashes or remains of the dead, to adjust, lay out, to collect and inurn, inter, bury:4. a.tu mea conpones et dices, ossa, Properti, Haec tua sunt,
Prop. 2, 24, 35 (3, 19, 19):cinerem,
Ov. F. 3, 547:cinerem ossaque,
Val. Fl. 7, 203:sic ego conponi versus in ossa velim,
Tib. 3, 2, 26.—Hence, in gen., of persons, to bury:quem... prope cognatos conpositum cineres,
Cat. 68, 98:omnes composui (meos),
Hor. S. 1, 9, 28:compositi busta avi,
Ov. F. 5, 426:Pisonem Verania uxor... T. Vinium Crispina filia composuere,
Tac. H. 1, 47:componi tumulo eodem,
Ov. M. 4, 157:toro Mortua componar,
id. ib. 9, 504:alto Conpositus lecto,
Pers. 3, 104:aliquem terra,
Sil. 9, 95.—Of things: omnia noctis erant placida composta quiete, Varr. Atac. ap. Sen. Contr. 3, 16:b.cum mare compositum est,
Ov. A. A. 3, 259:aquas,
id. H. 13, 136:fessum tumentes Composuit pelagus ventis patientibus undas,
Luc. 5, 702.—Of persons:5.nec vigilantibus, sed etiam quiete compositis,
Quint. 11, 2, 5:ubi jam thalamis se conposuere,
Verg. G. 4, 189:defessa membra,
id. ib. 4, 438:si bene conpositus somno vinoque jacebit,
Ov. Am. 1, 4, 53.—To end strife, confusion, etc., to compose, pacify, allay, settle, calm, appease, quiet, tranquillize, reconcile, etc., that which is disturbed or at variance.a.With personal object:b.aversos amicos,
Hor. S. 1, 5, 29:ceteros clementia,
Tac. A. 12, 55:comitia praetorum,
id. ib. 14, 28; id. H. 1, 85:juvenes concitatos,
Quint. 1, 10, 32; cf.:barbarum animos,
Tac. A. 14, 39:gentem,
Sil. 17, 356.—Esp. of the mind:prima (pars philosophiae) conponit animum,
Sen. Ep. 89, 9:argumentum conpositae mentis,
id. ib. 2, 1; Cels. 3, 18; Sil. 11, 352:mentem somno,
id. 3, 162:religio saevas componit mentis,
id. 13, 317.—Of places, countries, etc.:c.C. Caesar componendae Armeniae deligitur,
Tac. A. 2, 4:Campaniam,
id. H. 4, 3:Daciam,
id. ib. 3, 53.—With abstr. or indef. objects:d.si possum hoc inter vos conponere,
Plaut. Curc. 5, 3, 23; cf.:vides, inter nos sic haec potius cum bona Ut componamus gratia quam cum mala?
Ter. Phorm. 4, 3, 17:gaudens conponi foedere bellum,
Verg. A. 12, 109; so,bellum,
Sall. J. 97, 2; Nep. Hann. 6, 2; id. Alcib. 8, 3; Vell. 2, 25, 1; Asin. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 33, 3:bella,
Tac. A. 3, 56:cum vellet pro communi amico controversias regum componere,
Caes. B. C. 3, 109:uti per colloquia omnes controversiae componantur,
id. ib. 1, 9 fin.:curas,
Verg. A. 4, 341; Sil. 12, 682:lites,
Verg. E. 3, 108:seditionem civilem,
Suet. Caes. 4:statum Orientis,
id. Calig. 1:Romanus Ardeae turbatas seditione res... composuit,
Liv. 4, 10, 6; 3, 53, 1:legatorum res et bello turbatas,
id. 45, 16, 2:res Germanicas,
Suet. Vit. 9:discordias,
Tac. H. 4, 50:compositis praesentibus,
id. A. 1, 45:odia et certamina,
id. ib. 15, 2.—Less freq. transf., with the result as object:pacem componi volo Meo patri cum matre,
Plaut. Merc. 5, 2, 113:si pax cum Carthaginiensibus componi nequisset,
Liv. 30, 40, 13:at me conposita pace fefellit Amor,
Prop. 2, 2, 2:pax circa Brundusium composita,
Vell. 2, 75, 3:pacem cum Pyrrho,
Just. 18, 2, 6; cf. D. 2. infra.—Absol.:C. 1.coheredes mei conponere et transigere cupiebant,
Plin. Ep. 5, 1, 7; and so impers. pass.:posteaquam id quod maxime volui fieri non potuit, ut componeretur,
Cic. Rosc. Am. 47, 136:Pompei summam esse... voluntatem, ut componeretur atque ab armis discederetur,
Caes. B. C. 3, 16.—In gen., to arrange, adjust, order, set in order:2.aulaeis se superbis Aurea sponda, of one's attitude on a couch,
Verg. A. 1, 697:ad ictum militaris gladii conposita cervice,
Sen. Cons. Marc. 26, 2:diductis aedificia angulis vidimus moveri iterumque conponi,
id. Q. N. 6, 30, 4:si ad rem pertinet, quomodo caelo adfecto conpositisque sideribus quodque animal oriatur,
Cic. Div. 2, 47, 98:tibi enim gratias agebat, quod signa componenda suscepisses,
id. Att. 4, 9, 1.—Esp., milit. t. t.:3.se ad confligendum, Sisenn. ap. Non p. 257, 13: exercitum in hibernaculis, Sali J. 103, 1: in secunda (acie) cohortis, id. H. inc. Fragm. 44 Dietsch: stabant conpositi suis quisque ordinibus (opp. incompositi),
Liv. 44, 38, 11:conpositi numero in turmas,
Verg. A. 11, 599:cunctos licentia vagos compositus invadit = compositis ordinibus,
Tac. H. 4, 35:agmen,
id. ib. 2, 89; 5, 1; id. A. 12, 16:ordines,
id. H. 4, 33:vagos paventesque Vitellianos, sua quemque apud signa, componunt,
id. ib. 3, 35:pugnae exercitum,
id. A. 13, 40:auxilia in numerum legionis,
id. ib. 2, 80 Nipp. ad loc.:equitem per turmas,
id. ib. 15, 29:insidias in montibus,
Just. 1, 3, 11.—Of the order of words in language: quam lepide lexeis compostae! ut tesserulae omnes Arte pavimento atque emblemate vermiculato, Lucil. ap. Cic. de Or. 3, 43, 171; id. ap. Cic. Or. 44, 149; cf. id. ib. sq.:4.ut aptior sit oratio, ipsa verba compone,
id. Brut. 17, 68.—With reference to orderly appearance, etc., of the clothing, hair; the expression of the countenance, etc., to lay, smooth, adjust:5.suon quisque loco'st? Vide capillum, satin compositu'st commode?
Plaut. Most. 1, 3, 97:composito et delibuto capillo,
Cic. Rosc. Am. 46, 135:comas,
Ov. R. Am. 679:crines,
Verg. G. 4, 417:ne turbarentur comae, quas componi, etc.,
Quint. 11, 3, 148:togam,
to lay in proper folds, Hor. S. 2, 3, 77; Quint. 11, 3, 156; cf.:nec tamen ante adiit... Quam se composuit, quam circumspexit amictus,
Ov. M. 4, 318:pulvinum facili manu,
id. A. A. 1, 160; cf.torum,
id. F. 3, 484:jam libet componere voltus,
id. M. 13, 767:vultu composito, ne laeti excessu principis, etc.,
Tac. A. 1, 7; Plin. Ep. 3, 16, 5; cf.:(Tiberius) compositus ore,
id. ib. 2, 34:vultum natura horridum... efferabat, componens ad speculum in omnem terrorem,
distorting, Suet. Calig. 50.—In gen., to adjust, arrange, regulate, for the expression of something, or to accord with something; usu. ad aliquid:D.ad abstinentiam rursus, non secus ac modo ad balineum animum vultumque conposui,
Plin. Ep. 7, 1, 6:orationis ipsius vultus ad id, quod efficere intendimus, compositus,
Quint. 9, 1, 21:utraque manu ad modum aliquid portantium composita,
id. 11, 3, 120:ge. stum oratoris ad similitudinem saltationis,
id. 1, 11, 19:figuram ad imitationem alterius scripturae,
id. 9, 2, 34:nec ad votum composita civitas,
Tac. Or. 41:cuncta ad decorem inperi conposita,
id. H. 1, 71:cunctis ad tristitiam conpositis,
id. A. 3, 1. —Less freq. with dat.:voltus conponere famae Taedet,
to adapt, Tib. 4, 7, 9:venturis carbasa ventis,
Luc. 3, 596:me quoque mittendis rectum componite telis,
id. 3, 717. —With in:Nero itinera urbis... veste servili in dissimulationem sui compositus pererrabat,
disguised, made up, Tac. A. 13, 25. —To bring to a particular form or condition, to dispose, arrange, set in order, contrive, devise, prepare.(α).With acc.:(β).ego itinera sic composueram, ut Nonis Quinctilibus Puteolis essem,
Cic. Att. 15, 26, 3:quod adest memento Componere aequus,
Hor. C. 3, 29, 33:conposita atque constituta re publica,
Cic. Leg. 3, 18, 42:necdum compositis maturisve satis consiliis,
Liv. 4, 13, 5:(diem) totum in consideranda causa componendaque posuisse,
Cic. Brut. 22, 87:tempus in cognoscendis componendisque causis consumere,
id. Or. 42, 143:ex sententia omnibus rebus paratis conpositisque,
Sall. J. 43, 5; 94, 1:in senatu cuncta longis aliorum principatibus composita statim decernuntur,
Tac. H. 2, 55:dum quae forent firmando Neronis imperio componuntur,
id. A. 12, 68.—With ad or in and acc. of the purpose for which, or the example according to which, etc.:2.cum alteri placeat auspicia ista ad utilitatem esse rei publicae conposita,
Cic. Leg. 2, 13, 32:omnia ad voluptatem multitudinis inperitae,
Quint. 10, 1, 43:animum ad omnes casus,
id. 12, 9, 20; Val. Fl. 1, 321:satis igitur in hoc nos componet multa scribendi exercitatio,
Quint. 9, 4, 114:cultum victumque non ad nova exempla conponere, sed ut majorum mores suadent,
Sen. Tranq. 9, 2. —To arrange in agreement with others, to agree upon, contrive, devise, invent, conspire to make, etc.(α).In gen.: eum allegaverunt, suom qui servom diceret Cum auro esse apud me: conposita est fallacia, [p. 393] Ut, etc., Plaut. Poen. 3, 5, 29:(β).quin jam virginem Despondi: res composita'st,
Ter. Ad. 4, 7, 17:ita causa componitur, ut item palaestritae Bidini peterent ab Epicrate hereditatem,
Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 22, § 54:societatem praedarum cum latronibus conposuisse,
Sall. H. 4, 11 Dietsch:crimen ab inimicis Romae conpositum,
Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 61, § 141:conpositis inter se rebus,
Sall. J. 66, 2:ita conposito dolo digrediuntur,
id. ib. 111, 4:conposito jam consilio,
Liv. 3, 53, 3: ceteri proditores ea quae composita erant exspectabant;convenerat autem, etc.,
id. 25, 9, 8:sub noctem susurri Composita repetantur hora,
Hor. C. 1, 9, 20:ictum jam foedus, et omnes Conpositae leges,
Verg. A. 12, 315:compositis notis,
Tib. 1, 2, 22:crimen ac dolum ultro,
Tac. H. 1, 34:proditionem,
id. ib. 2, 100:seditionem,
id. ib. 4, 14:insidias,
id. ib. 5, 22; id. A. 12, 54; 13, 47: pacem componere, v. B. 5. supra.—With rel.-clause:(γ).cum summa concordia, quos dimitterent, quos retinerent, composuerunt,
Liv. 40, 40, 14.—With inf.:(δ).ii, secretis conloquiis conponunt Gallos concire,
Tac. A. 3, 40.—Pass. impers.:(ε).ut domi compositum cum Marcio erat,
Liv. 2, 37, 1.—With ut and subj.:3.compositum inter ipsos ut Latiaris strueret dolum,
Tac. A. 4, 68; cf. P. a. subst. —In gen., to feign, invent, devise, contrive, in order to deceive or delude, etc.: composita dicta, Att. ap. Non. p. 260, 22 (Trag. Rel. v. 47 Rib.):A.ne tu istic hodie malo tuo conpositis mendaciis Advenisti,
Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 211:nec bene mendaci risus conponitur ore,
Tib. 3, 6, 35 (3, 7, 3):sed vobis facile'st verba et conponere fraudes,
Prop. 2, 9, 31:insidias in me conponis inanes,
id. 2, 32 (3, 30), 19:compositas insidias fatoque evitatas ementitur,
Tac. A. 13, 47:si haec fabulosa et composita videntur,
id. Or. 12; id. Agr. 40:quae ut augendae famae composita, sic reliqua non in obscuro habentur,
id. A. 15, 16; cf.:vetustatem, ut cetera, in majus conponentem altores Jovis celebravisse,
exaggerating, Sall. H. 3, 60 Dietsch.— Part. perf. with in and acc., pretending, assuming the appearance or expression:(Domitianus) paratus simulatione, in adrogantiam compositus audiit preces,
Tac. Agr. 42:is in maestitiam compositus,
id. H. 2, 9; 1, 54:in securitatem,
id. A. 3, 44.—Rarely with ad:tunc compositus ad maestitiam,
Tac. A. 13, 20.— Hence, P. a.: compŏsĭtus ( - postus), a, um.Well-arranged, ordered, or constituted, orderly, regular:B.quae (injuria) dum foris sunt, nil videtur mundius, Nec magis compositum quicquam nec magis elegans,
Ter. Eun. 5, 4, 13: admiratus sum... sunchusin litterularum, quae solent tuae compositissimae et clarissimae esse, Cic. Att. 6, 9, 1:acrior impetu atque animis quam compositior ullo ordine pugna fuit,
Liv. 28, 22, 13:intellegitur, etiamsi non adjecero, conpositum ordinatumque fore talem virum,
Sen. Vit. Beat. 8, 3:composita et quieta et beata respublica,
Tac. Or. 36. —Of writings:quare in his quoque libris erant eadem aliqua... omnia vero compositiora et elaborata,
Quint. 1, pr. § 8; cf.:illa quae curam fatentur et ficta atque composita videri etiam volunt,
elaborate, id. 8, pr. § 23.— Transf., of the orator himself:si aut compositi oratoris bene structam collocationem dissolvas permutatione verborum,
Cic. Or. 70, 232.—Fitly disposed for any purpose, prepared, apt, fit, adapted, qualified, suitable, ready:C.perficiam ut nemo umquam paratior, vigilantior, compositior ad judicium venisse videatur,
Cic. Verr. 1, 1, 11; so,equus bene natura compositus,
Auct. Her. 4, 46, 59.— With ad or in and acc., or with dat.:arte quadam ab juventa in ostentationem (virtutum) compositus,
Liv. 26, 19, 3 Weissenb. ad loc.:alius historiae magis idoneus, alius compositus ad carmen,
Quint. 2, 8, 7:aeque in adulationem compositus (sacerdos),
Curt. 4, 7, 26:(Attici) non maxime ad risum compositi,
Quint. 6, 3, 18:natura atque arte compositus alliciendis etiam Muciani moribus,
Tac. H. 2, 5.—Quiet, peaceful, undisturbed, calm, composed, unimpassioned, etc.:D.ut peractis quae agenda fuerint salvo jam et composito die possis ibi manere,
Plin. Ep. 2, 17, 2:lenis et nitidi et compositi generis amatores,
Quint. 10, 1, 44:actio,
id. 11, 3, 110:aetas,
mature, sedate, Tac. A. 13, 1: adfectus mites atque compositi, Quint. 6, 2, 9:supercilium (opp. erectum),
id. 11, 3, 74:repetitio eorum (civium) labefactabat compositam civitatem,
Flor. 3, 23, 3.—Compound, composite, made up of parts (opp. simplex):(α).verba,
Quint. 1, 5, 3; 1, 6, 38; 7, 9, 5:voces,
id. 1, 5, 65; cf. id. 1, 5, 9; 2, 12, 3.—Hence, subst.: compŏsĭtum ( conp-), i, n., that which is agreed, an agreement, compact, etc.; only abl. in the phrases,Ex composito, according to agreement, by agreement, in concert, Sall. H. 2, 12 Dietsch:(β).tum ex composito orta vis,
Liv. 1, 9, 10; 5, 14, 2; 36, 25, 1; 40, 48, 4; Suet. Claud. 37; Tac. H. 4, 66.—De composito, by agreement, App. Mag. 1, p. 273; and,(γ).More rarely in the same sense, composito alone, Ter. Phorm. 5, 1, 29; Nep. Dat. 6, 6; Verg. A. 2, 129.—Hence also adv.: compŏsĭtē ( conp-), in an orderly, regular, or skilful manner, orderly, regularly, properly (class. but rare;not in Quint.): ambulare,
Col. 6, 2, 5:indutus,
Gell. 1, 5, 2:composite et apte dicere,
Cic. Or. 71, 236:composite, ornate, copiose eloqui,
id. De Or. 1, 11, 48:composite atque magnifice casum reipublicae miserati,
Sall. C. 51, 9:bene et composite disseruit,
id. Ib. 52.— Comp.:compositius cuncta quam festinantius agerent,
Tac. A. 15, 3. -
10 statuo
stătŭo, ui, utum, 3, v. a. [statum, sup. of sto], to cause to stand (cf.: colloco, pono).I.Corporeally.A. 1.To set up, set in the ground, erect:2.ibi arbores pedicino in lapide statuito,
Cato, R. R. 18:inter parietes arbores ubi statues,
id. ib.:stipites statuito,
id. ib.:palis statutis crebris,
Varr. R. R. 1, 14 init.:pedamenta jacentia statuenda,
are to be raised, Col. 4, 26:pedamentum inter duas vitis,
Plin. 17, 22, 21, § 194:hic statui volo primum aquilam,
the standard of the troops, Plaut. Pers. 5, 1, 7:signifer, statue signum,
plant the ensign, Liv. 5, 55, 1; Val. Max. 1, 5, 1.—To plant (rare):3. a.eodem modo vineam statuito, alligato, flexatoque uti fuerit,
Plin. 17, 22, 35, § 198:agro qui statuit meo Te, triste lignum (i. e. arborem),
Hor. C. 2, 13, 10.—Without specifying the place:b.ollam statuito cum aqua,
let a jar stand with water, Cato, R. R. 156 (157):crateras magnos statuunt, i. e. on the table,
Verg. A. 1, 724; so,crateras laeti statuunt,
id. ib. 7, 147: haec carina satis probe fundata et bene statuta est, well placed, i. e. so that the hull stands perpendicularly (cf.:bene lineatam carinam collocavit, v. 42),
Plaut. Mil. 3, 3, 44:nec quidquam explicare, nec statuere potuerant, nec quod statutum esset, manebat, omnia perscindente vento,
Liv. 21, 58, 7:eo die tabernacula statui passus non est,
to pitch, Caes. B. C. 1, 81; so, aciem statuere, to draw up an army:aciem quam arte statuerat, latius porrigit,
Sall. J. 52, 6.—With designation of the place by in and abl.; by adv. of place; by ante, apud, ad, circa, super, and acc.; by pro and abl.; by abl. alone (very rare), or by in and acc. (very rare): signa domi pro supellectile statuere, Cato ap. Prisc. 7, 19, 95 (p. 782 P.):4. a.statuite hic lectulos,
Plaut. Pers. 5, 1, 7:etiamsi in caelo Capitolium statueretur,
Cic. Or. 3, 46, 180:statuitur Sollius in illo gladiatorum convivio... atuitur, ut dico, eques Romanus in Apronii convivio,
is taken to the banquet, id. Verr. 2, 3, 25, § 61 sq.:tabernacula in foro statuere,
Liv. 39, 46, 3:in principiis statuit tabernaculum,
Nep. Eum. 7, 1:in nostris castris tibi tabernaculum statue,
Curt. 5, 11, 6; 8, 13, 20:statui in medium undique conspicuum tabernaculum jussit,
id. 9, 6, 1:(sagittae) longae, nisi prius in terra statuerent arcum, haud satis apte imponuntur,
id. 8, 14, 19:sedes curules sacerdotum Augustalium locis, superque eas querceae coronae statuerentur,
Tac. A. 2, 83:donum deae apud Antium statuitur,
id. ib. 3, 71:pro rigidis calamos columnis,
Ov. F. 3, 529:jamque ratem Scythicis auster statuisset in oris,
Val. Fl. 3, 653:statuere vas in loco frigido,
Pall. Oct. 22.—Of living beings:capite in terram statuerem, Ut cerebro dispergat viam,
Ter. Ad. 3, 2, 18:qui capite ipse sua in statuit vestigia sese (= qui sese ipse capite in sua vestigia statuit),
i. e. stands on his head, Lucr. 4, 472:patrem ejus a mortuis excitasses, statuisses ante oculos,
Cic. Or. 1, 57, 245:captivos vinctos in medio statuit,
Liv. 21, 42, 1:ubi primum equus Curtium in vado statuit,
id. 1, 13, 5:quattuor cohortes in fronte statuit,
id. 28, 33, 12:ante se statuit funditores,
id. 42, 58, 10:puerum ad canendum ante tibicinem cum statuisset,
id. 7, 2, 9:procul in conspectu eum (Philopoemenem) statuerunt,
id. 39, 49, 11:media porta robora legionum, duabus circa portis milites levemque armaturam statuit,
id. 23, 16, 8:bovem ad fanum Dianae et ante aram statuit,
id. 1, 45, 6:cum Calchanta circa aram statuisset,
Val. Max. 8, 11, ext. 6:marium si qui eo loci statuisset,
id. 3, 1, 2 fin.:adulescentes ante Caesarem statuunt,
Tac. A. 4, 8:in fronte statuerat ferratos, in cornibus cohortes,
id. ib. 3, 45:puer quis Ad cyathum statuetur?
Hor. C. 1, 29, 8:tu cum pro vitula statuis dulcem Aulide natam Ante aras,
id. S. 2, 3, 199:et statuam ante aras aurata fronte juvencum,
Verg. A. 9, 627:clara regione profundi Aetheros innumeri statuerunt agmina cygni,
Stat. Th. 3, 525.—Of statues, temples, columns, altars, trophies, etc.; constr. with acc. alone, or acc. of the structure and dat. of the person for whom or in whose honor it is erected:b.siquidem mihi aram et statuam statuis,
Plaut. As. 3, 3, 122:huic statuam statui decet ex auro,
id. Bacch. 4, 4, 1:ne ego aurea pro statua vineam tibi statuam,
id. Curc. 1, 2, 52:eique statuam equestrem in rostris statui placere,
Cic. Phil. 5, 15, 41; so id. ib. 9, 5, 10; 9, 7, 16; id. Verr. 2, 2, 62, § 151; 2, 2, 20, § 48; so,simulacrum alicui statuere,
Val. Max. 1, 1, 8:effigiem,
Verg. A. 2, 184:Mancinus eo habitu sibi statuit quo, etc. (effigiem),
Plin. 34, 5, 10, § 18:simulacrum in curia,
Tac. A. 14, 12:quanam in civitate tempium statueretur,
id. ib. 4, 55:se primos templum urbis Romae statuisse,
id. ib. 4, 56; so id. ib. 4, 15:nec tibi de Pario statuam, Germanice, templum,
Ov. P. 4, 8, 31:templa tibi statuam, tribuam tibi turis honorem,
id. M. 14, 128:super terrae tumulum noluit quid statui nisi columellam,
Cic. Leg. 2, 26, 66:victimas atque aras diis Manibus statuentes,
Tac. A. 3, 2:statuitque aras e cespite,
Ov. M. 7, 240:statuantur arae,
Sen. Med. 579:aeneum statuerunt tropaeum,
Cic. Inv. 2, 23, 69:monumentum,
id. ib. § 70; so,in alio orbe tropaea statuere,
Curt. 7, 7, 14;so,
Plin. 3, 3, 4, § 18: ut illum di perdant qui primus statuit hic solarium, Plaut. Fragm. ap. Gell. 3, 3, 5:princeps Romanis solarium horologium statuisse L. Papirius Cursor proditur,
Plin. 7, 60, 60, § 213:a miliario in capite Romani fori statuto,
id. 3, 5, 9, § 66:carceres eo anno in Circo primum statuti,
Liv. 8, 20, 1:quo molem hanc immanis equi statuere?
Verg. A. 2, 150:multo altiorem statui crucem jussit,
Suet. Galb. 9:obeliscam,
Plin. 36, 9, 14, § 71:at nunc disturba quas statuisti machinas,
Plaut. Ps. 1, 5, 137:incensis operibus quae statuerat,
Nep. Milt. 7, 4:si vallum statuitur procul urbis illecebris,
Tac. A. 4, 2:castra in quinto lapide a Carthagine statuit,
Just. 22, 6, 9.—Poet. and in post-class. prose (rare):5.aliquem statuere = alicui statuam statuere: inter et Aegidas media statuaris in urbe,
Ov. H. 2, 67:statuarque tumulo hilaris et coronatus,
my statue will be erected, Tac. Dial. 13; so with two acc.: custodem medio statuit quam vilicus horto, whose statue he placed as protectress, etc., Mart. 3, 68, 9; cf.in double sense: nudam te statuet, i. e. nudam faciet (= nudabit fortunis), and statuam tibi nu dam faciet,
Mart. 4, 28, 8.—Of cities, etc., to establish, found, build (in class. prose usu. condo):B.Agamemnon tres ibi urbes statuit,
Vell. 1, 1, 2:urbem quam statuo vestra est,
Verg. A. 1, 573:urbom praeclaram,
id. ib. 4, 655:Persarum statuit Babylona Semiramis urbem,
Prop. 3, 11 (4, 10), 21:ibi civitatem statuerunt,
Just. 23, 1; so,licentia et impunitas asyla statuendi (= aperiendi),
Tac. A. 3, 60.—Hence, transf.: carmen statuere = carmen condere, to compose, devise a song:nunc volucrum... inexpertum carmen, quod tacita statuere bruma,
Stat. S. 4, 5, 12.—To cause to stand still, to stop (rare; cf.C.sisto, III. B.): navem extemplo statuimus,
Plaut. Bacch. 2, 3, 57:et statuit fessos, fessus et ipse, boves,
Prop. 4 (5), 9, 4:famuli hoc modo statuerunt aquas,
Arn. 1, p. 30: sanguinem, Oct. Hor. 4.—To cause to stand firm, strengthen, support (rare; = stabilire), only transf.: qui rem publicam certo animo adjuverit, statuerit, Att. ap. Cic. Sest. 56, 120 (Trag. Rel. v. 357 Rib.).II.Trop.A.To establish, constitute (= constituo).1.Esp.: exemplum or documentum (v. edo fin., and cf. Sen. Phoen. 320), to set forth an example or precedent for warning or imitation:2.statuite exemplum impudenti, date pudori praemium,
Plaut. Rud. 3, 2, 6:exemplum statuite in me ut adulescentuli Vobis placere studeant potius quam sibi,
Ter. Heaut. prol. 51; Auct. Her. 4, 35, 47:ut illi intellegere possint, in quo homine statueris exemplum hujus modi,
Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 45, § 111:in quos aliquid exempli populus Romanus statui putat oportere,
id. ib. 2, 3, 90, §210: statuam in te exemplum, ne quis posthac infelicibus miseriis patriae illudat,
Just. 8, 7, 14:documentum autem statui oportere, si quis resipiscat et antiquam societatem respiciat,
Liv. 24, 45, 5: statueretur immo [p. 1753] documentum, quo uxorem imperator acciperet, a precedent, Tac. A. 12, 6.—Jus statuere, to establish a principle or relation of law:3.ut (majores nostri) omnia omnium rerum jura statuerint,
Cic. Caecin. 12, 34: qui magistratum potestatemve habebit, si quid in aliquem novi juris statuerit, ipse quoque, adversario postulante, eodem jure uti debebit, if he has established any new principle of law, Edict. Praet. in Dig. 2, 2, 1, § 1:si quid injungere inferiori velis, id prius in te ac tuos si ipse juris statueris, facilius omnes oboedientes habeas,
if you first admit it against yourself, Liv. 26, 36, 3:si dicemus in omnibus aequabile jus statui convenire,
equal principles of law should be applied to all, Auct. Her. 3, 3, 4. —In gen., to establish by authority (of relations, institutions, rights, duties, etc.):4.(Numa) omnis partis religionis statuit sanctissime,
Cic. Rep. 2, 14, 26:hoc judicium sic exspectatur ut non unae rei statui, sed omnibus constitui putetur,
id. Tull. 15, 36:ad formandos animos statuendasque vitae leges, Quint. prooem. 14: sic hujus (virtutis) ut caelestium statuta magnitudo est,
Sen. Ep. 79, 10:vectigal etiam novum ex salaria annona statuerunt,
Liv. 29, 37, 2:novos statuere fines,
id. 42, 24, 8:neque eos quos statuit terminos observat,
id. 21, 44, 5:quibus rebus cum pax statuta esset,
Just. 5, 10, 8; so id. 25, 1, 1:sedesque ibi statuentibus,
id. 18, 5, 11.—With double acc., to constitute, appoint, create:B.Hirtius arbitrum me statuebat non modo hujus rei, sed totius consulatus sui,
Cic. Att. 14, 1, a, 2:telluris erum natura nec illum, nec quemquam constituit,
Hor. S. 2, 2, 130:de principatu (vinorum) se quisque judicem statuet,
Plin. 14, 6, 8, § 59:praefectus his statuitur Andragoras,
Just. 21, 4, 5.—To determine, fix, etc. (of temporal or local relations); constr. usually with acc. and dat. or acc. and gen.1.Modum statuere alicui or alicujus rei, to determine the manner, mode, or measure of, assign limits, restrictions or restraints to a thing or person, to impose restraints upon.(α).With dat.:(β).diuturnitati imperii modum statuendum putavistis,
that a limit should be assigned to the duration of his power, Cic. Imp. Pomp. 9, 26:statui mihi tum modum et orationi meae,
imposed restraints upon myself and my words, id. Verr. 2, 5, 63, § 163:non statuendo felicitati modum, nec cohibendo fortunam,
by not assigning any limits to his success, Liv. 30, 30, 23 (Pompeium) affirmabant, libertati publicae statuturum modum, Vell. 2, 40:cupidinibus statuat natura modum,
Hor. S. 1, 2, 111:quem modum sibi ipsa statuit (crudelitas)?
Val. Max. 9, 2 pr.:modum ipsae res statuunt (i. e. sibi),
Plin. 28, 15, 61, § 216:modum nuptiarum sumptibus statuerunt,
Just. 21, 4, 5:timori quem meo statuam modum?
Sen. Thyest. 483;and with finem: jam statui aerumnis modum et finem cladi,
id. Herc. Fur. 206. —With gen.:2.honestius te inimicitiarum modum statuere potuisse quam me humanitatis,
Cic. Sull. 17, 48:ipse modum statuam carminis,
Ov. Tr. 1, 11, 44:errorisque sui sic statuisse modum,
Prop. 3, 12 (4, 11), 36:modum statuunt fellis pondere denarii,
they limit the quantity of the gall to the weight of a denarius, Plin. 28, 19, 77, § 254.—Condicionem or legem alicui, to impose a condition or law upon one, to dictate, assign a condition to:3.hanc tu condicionem statuis Gaditanis,
Cic. Balb. 10, 25:providete ne duriorem vobis condicionem statuatis ordinique vestro quam ferre possit,
id. Rab. Post. 6, 15:alter eam sibi legem statuerat ut, etc.,
id. Phil. 10, 6, 12: pretio statuta lege ne modum excederet, etc., the law being assigned to the price that not, etc., i. e. the price being limited by the law, etc., Plin. 33, 7, 40, § 118:pacis legem universae Graeciae statuit,
Just. 9, 5, 2.—So with ellipsis of dat., to agree upon, stipulate:statutis condicionibus,
Just. 6, 1, 3:omnibus consentientibus Carthago conditur, statuto annuo vectigali pro solo urbis,
id. 18, 5, 14. —Finem, to assign or put an end to, make an end of:4.haud opinor commode Finem statuisse orationi militem,
Ter. Hec. 1, 2, 21:et finem statuit cuppedinis atque timoris,
Lucr. 6, 25:cum Fulvius Flaccus finem poenae eorum statuere cogeretur,
Val. Max. 3, 2, ext. 1: majores vestri omnium magnarum rerum et principia exorsi ab diis sunt, et finem statuerunt, finished, Liv. 45, 39, 10; so,terminum: nam templis numquam statuetur terminus aevi,
Stat. S. 3, 1, 180:cum consilii tui bene fortiterque suscepti eum tibi finem statueris, quem ipsa fortuna terminum nostrarum contentionum esse voluisset,
since you have assigned that end, Cic. Fam. 6, 22, 2.—Pretium alicui rei, to assign a price to something; fix, determine the price of something:5.quae probast mers, pretium ei statuit,
Plaut. Mil. 3, 1, 132:numquam avare pretium statui arti meae,
Ter. Heaut. prol. 48:statuit frumento pretium,
Tac. A. 2, 87; so with dat. understood:ut eos (obsides) pretio quantum ipsi statuissent patres redimi paterentur,
Liv. 45, 42, 7:pretium statuit (i. e. vecturae et sali),
id. 45, 29, 13; so with in and acc.: ut in singulas amphoras (vini) centeni nummi statuantur, that the price may be set down at 100 sesterces for an amphora, Plin. 14, 4, 6, § 56.—Statuere diem, horam, tempus, locum alicui rei, or alicui, or with dat. gerund., to assign or appoint a day, time, place, etc. (for the more usual diem dicere):6.statutus est comitiis dies,
Liv. 24, 27, 1:diem patrando facinori statuerat,
id. 35, 35, 15:multitudini diem statuit ante quam sine fraude liceret ab armis discedere,
Sall. C. 36, 2:dies insidiis statuitur,
id. J. 70, 3:ad tempus locumque colloquio statuendum,
Liv. 28, 35, 4:subverti leges quae sua spatia (= tempora) quaerendis aut potiundis honoribus statuerint,
Tac. A. 2, 36.—With ellipsis of dat.:observans quem statuere diem,
Mart. 4, 54, 6:noctem unam poscit: statuitur nox,
Tac. A. 13, 44.—Esp. in the part. statutus, fixed, appointed (in MSS. and edd. often confounded with status; v. sisto fin.):institum ut quotannis... libri diebus statutis (statis) recitarentur,
Suet. Claud. 42:ut die statuta omnes equos ante regiam producerent,
Just. 1, 10, 1:quaedam (genera) statutum tempus anni habent,
Plin. 17, 18, 30, § 135:fruges quoque maturitatem statuto tempore expectant,
Curt. 6, 3, 7:sacrificium non esse redditum statuto tempore,
id. 8, 2, 6:statuto tempore quo urbem Mithridati traderet,
Just. 16, 4, 9:cum ad statutam horam omnes convenissent,
id. 1, 10, 8:intra tempus statutum,
fixed by the law, Dig. 4, 4, 19 and 20.—To recount, count up, state (very rare): statue sex et quinquaginta annos, quibus mox divus Augustus rempublicam rexit: adice Tiberii tres et viginti... centum et viginti anni colliguntur, count, fix the number at, Tac. Or. 17:C.Cinyphiae segetis citius numerabis aristas... quam tibi nostrorum statuatur summa laborum,
Ov. P. 2, 7, 29.—To decide, determine, with reference to a result, to settle, fix, bring about, choose, make a decision.1.Of disputes, differences, questions, etc., between others.(α).With interrog.-clause:(β).ut statuatis hoc judicio utrum posthac amicitias clarorum virorum calamitati hominibus an ornamento esse malitis,
Cic. Balb. 28, 65:eam potestatem habetis ut statuatis utrum nos... semper miseri lugeamus, an, etc.,
id. Mil. 2, 4:in hoc homine statuatis, possitne senatoribus judicantibus homo nocentissim us pecuniosissimusque damnari,
id. Verr. 1, 16, 47:vos statuite, recuperatores, utra (sententia) utilior esse videatur,
id. Caecin. 27, 77:decidis tu statuisque quid iis ad denarium solveretur,
id. Quint. 4, 17:magni esse judicis statuere quid quemque cuique praestare oporteret,
id. Off. 3, 17, 70:mihi vero Pompeius statuisse videtur quid vos in judicando spectare oporteret,
id. Mil. 6, 15:semel (senatus) statuerent quid donatum Masinissae vellent,
Liv. 42, 23:nec quid faciendum modo sit statuunt, sed, etc.,
decide, dictate, id. 44, 22:nondum statuerat conservaret eum necne,
Nep. Eum. 11, 2:statutumque (est) quantum curules, quantum plebei pignoris caperent,
Tac. A. 13, 28: semel nobis esse statuendum quod consilium in illo sequamur, August. ap. Suet. Claud. 4. —With de:(γ).ut consules de Caesaris actis cognoscerent, statuerent, judicarent,
Cic. Att. 16, 16, B, 8:et collegas suos de religione statuisse, in senatu de lege statuturos,
id. ib. 4, 2, 4:ut de absente eo C. Licinius statueret ac judicaret,
Liv. 42, 22:si de summa rerum liberum senatui permittat rex statuendi jus,
id. 42, 62: qui ab exercitu ab imperatore eove cui de ea re statuendi potestas fuerit, dimissus erit, Edict. Praet. in Dig. 3, 2, 1.—Often with reference to punishment:cum de P. Lentulo ceterisque statuetis, pro certo habetote, vos simul de exercitu Catilinae decernere,
Sall. C. 52, 17:satis visum de Vestilia statuere,
to pass sentence against, Tac. A. 2, 85:jus statuendi de procuratoribus,
id. ib. 12, 54:facta patribus potestate statuendi de Caeciliano,
id. ib. 6, 7; so id. ib. 13, 28; cf. id. ib. 15, 14; 2, 85; Suet. Tib. 61 fin. —In partic.: de se statuere, to decide on, or dispose of one's self, i. e. of one's life, = to commit suicide:eorum qui de se statuebant humabantur corpora,
Tac. A. 6, 29.—With de and abl. and interrog.-clause:(δ).si quibusdam populis permittendum esse videatur ut statuant ipsi de suis rebus quo jure uti velint,
Cic. Balb. 8, 22.—With contra:(ε).consequeris tamen ut eos ipsos quos contra statuas aequos placatosque dimittas,
Cic. Or. 10, 34. —With indef. obj., usu. a neutr. pron.:(ζ).utrum igitur hoc Graeci statuent... an nostri praetores?
Cic. Fl. 12, 27:dixisti quippiam: fixum (i. e. id) et statutum est,
id. Mur. 30, 62:eoque utrique quod statuit contenti sunt,
Caes. B. C. 1, 87:senatus, ne quid absente rege statueret,
Liv. 39, 24, 13:maturato opus est, quidquid statuere placet (senatui),
id. 8, 13, 17:id ubi in P. Licinio ita statutum est,
id. 41, 15, 10:interrogatus quid ipse victorem statuere debere censeret,
Curt. 8, 14, 43:quid in futurum statuerim, aperiam,
Tac. A. 4, 37:utque rata essent quae procuratores sui in judicando statuerent,
Suet. Claud. 12;qul statuit aliquid parte inaudita altera, aequum licet statuerit, haud aequus fuit,
Sen. Med. 2, 199:non ergo quod libet statuere arbiter potest,
Dig. 4, 8, 32, § 15; cf.:earum rerum quas Caesar statuisset, decrevisset, egisset,
Cic. Att. 16, 16, C, 11.—With de or super and abl.:(η).vos de crudelissimis parricidis quid statuatis cunctamini?
Sall. C. 52, 31:nihil super ea re nisi ex voluntate filii statuere,
Suet. Tib. 13:ne quid super tanta re absente principe statueretur,
Tac. H. 4, 9.—Absol., mostly pass. impers.:(θ).ita expediri posse consilium ut pro merito cujusque statueretur,
Liv. 8, 14, 1:tunc ut quaeque causa erit statuetis,
id. 3, 53, 10:non ex rumore statuendum,
decisions should not be founded on rumors, Tac. A. 3, 69.—With cognoscere, to examine ( officially) and decide:2.petit ut vel ipse de eo causa cognita statuat, vel civitatem statuere jubeat,
Caes. B. G. 1, 19:consuli ut cognosceret statueretque senatus permiserat,
Liv. 39, 3, 2:missuros qui de eorum controversiis cognoscerent statuerentque,
id. 40, 20, 1; 45, 13, 11:quod causa cognita erit statuendum,
Dig. 2, 11, 2, § 8.—With reference to the mind of the subject, to decide, to make up one's mind, conclude, determine, be convinced, usu. with interrog.clause:D. 1.numquam intellegis, statuendum tibi esse, utrum illi homicidae sint an vindices libertatis,
Cic. Phil. 2, 12, 30:illud mirum videri solet, tot homines... statuere non potuisse, utrum judicem an arbitrum, rem an litem dici oporteret,
id. Mur. 12, 27:neque tamen possum statuere, utrum magis mirer, etc.,
id. de Or. 3, 22, 82:ipsi statuerent, quo tempore possent suo jure arma capere,
id. Tull. 5, 12:ut statuerem quid esset faciendum,
id. Att. 7, 26, 3:statuere enim qui sit sapiens, vel maxime videtur esse sapientis,
id. Ac. 2, 3, 9:si habes jam statutum quid tibi agendum putes,
id. Fam. 4, 2, 4:tu quantum tribuendum nobis putes statuas ipse, et, ut spero, statues ex nostra dignitate,
id. ib. 5, 8, 4:vix statui posse utrum quae pro se, an quae contra fratrem petiturus esset ab senatu magis impetrabilia forent,
Liv. 45, 19, 6:quam satis statuerat, utram foveret partem,
id. 42, 29, 11:posse ipsam Liviam statuere, nubendum post Drusum, an, etc.,
Tac. A. 4, 40:statue quem poenae extrahas,
Sen. Troad. 661.—So with apud animum, to make up one's mind:vix statuere apud animum meum possum atrum pejor ipsa res an pejore exemplo agatur,
Liv. 34, 2, 4:proinde ipsi primum statuerent apud animos quid vellent,
id. 6, 39, 11.—Rarely with neutr, pron. as object:quidquid nos de communi sententia statuerimus,
Cic. Fam. 4, 1, 2:sic statue, quidquid statuis, ut causam famamque tuam in arto stare scias,
Sen. Herc. Fur. 1306.—With ut or ne: statuunt ut decem milia hominum in oppidum submittantur, [p. 1754] Caes. B. G. 7, 21:2.eos (Siculos) statuisse ut hoc quod dico postularet,
Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 42, § 103:statuunt illi atque decernunt ut eae litterae... removerentur,
id. ib. 2, 2, 71, §173: statuit iste ut arator... vadimonium promitteret,
id. ib. 2, 3, 15, §38: orare patres ut statuerent ne absentium nomina reciperentur,
id. ib. 2, 2, 42, §103: statuitur ne post M. Brutum proconsulem sit Creta provincia,
id. Phil. 2, 38, 97:(Tiberius) auxit patrum honorem statuendo ut qui ad senatum provocavissent, etc.,
Tac. A. 14, 28:statuiturque (a senatu) ut... in servitute haberentur,
id. ib. 12, 53.—So of a decree, determination, or agreement by several persons or parties to be carried out by each of them:statutum esse (inter plebem et Poenos) ut... impedimenta diriperent,
Liv. 23, 16, 6:Athenienses cum statuerent, ut urbe relicta naves conscenderent,
Cic. Off. 3, 11, 48:statuunt ut fallere custodes tentent,
Ov. M. 4, 84.—With acc. (post-Aug.):3.remedium statuere,
to prescribe a remedy against public abuses, Tac. A. 3, 28; 6, 4:Caesar ducentesimam (vectigalis) in posterum statuit,
decreed that one half of one per cent. be the tax, id. ib. 2, 42.—So with sic (= hoc):sic, di, statuistis,
Ov. M. 4, 661.—With dat. and acc. (not ante-Aug.):4.eis (Vestalibus) stipendium de publico statuit,
decreed, allowed a salary, Liv. 1, 20, 3:Aurelio quoque annuam pecuniam statuit princeps,
decreed, granted, Tac. A. 13, 34:biduum criminibus obiciendis statuitur,
are allowed, id. ib. 3, 13:itaque et alimenta pueris statuta... et patribus praemia statuta,
Just. 12, 4, 8:ceu Aeolus insanis statuat certamina ventis,
Stat. Th. 6, 300:non hoc statui sub tempore rebus occasum Aeoniis,
id. ib. 7, 219:statuere alicui munera,
Val. Fl. 2, 566.—With dat. and interrog.-clause:5. (α).cur his quoque statuisti quantum ex hoc genere frumenti darent,
Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 21, § 53:ordo iis quo quisque die supplicarent, statutus,
Liv. 7, 28, 8.—With poenam, etc., with or without in and acc. pers. (mostly post-Aug.):(β).considerando... in utra (lege) major poena statuatur,
Cic. Inv. 2, 49, 145:poenam statui par fuisse,
Tac. A. 14, 49:qui non judicium, sed poenam statui videbant,
id. ib. 11, 6:eadem poena in Catum Firmium statuitur,
id. ib. 6, 31:senatu universo in socios facinoris ultimam statuente poenam,
Suet. Caes. 14;so with mercedem (= poenam): debuisse gravissimam temeritatis mercedem statui,
Liv. 39, 55, 3; cf.also: Thrasea, non quidquid nocens reus pati mereretur, id egregio sub principe statuendum disseruit,
Tac. A. 14, 48.— Absol.:non debere eripi patribus vim statuendi (sc. poenas),
Tac. A. 3, 70.—With indef. obj., generally with in and acc.: aliquid gravius in aliquem, to proceed severely against:(γ).obsecrare coepit, ne quid gravius in fratrem statueret,
Caes. B. G. 1, 20:fac aliquid gravius in Hejum statuisse Mamertinos,
Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 9, § 19:res monet cavere ab illis magis quam quid in illos statuamus consultare,
Sall. C. 52, 3:qui cum triste aliquid statuit, fit tristis et ipse,
Ov. P. 2, 2, 119:si quid ob eam rem de se crudelius statuerent,
Just. 2, 15, 10.—With a word expressing the kind of punishment (post-Aug.):(δ).in Pompeiam Sabinam exilium statuitur,
Tac. A. 6, 24 (18).—De capite, to pass sentence of death:E.legem illam praeclaram quae de capite civis Romani nisi comitiis centuriatis statui vetaret,
Cic. Rep. 2, 36, 61.—Referring to one's own acts, to resolve, determine, purpose, to propose, with inf. (first in Cic.;F.freq. and class.): statuit ab initio et in eo perseveravit, jus publicano non dicere,
Cic. Prov. Cons. 5, 10:P. Clodius cum statuisset omni scelere in praetura vexare rem publicam,
id. Mil. 9, 24:statuerat excusare,
to decline the office, id. Lig. 7, 21:cum statuissem scribere ad te aliquid,
id. Off. 1, 2, 4:quod iste certe statuerat et deliberaverat non adesse,
id. Verr. 2, 1, 1, § 1:se statuisse animum advertere in omnes nauarchos,
id. ib. 2, 5, 40, §105: nam statueram in perpetuum tacere,
id. Fam. 4, 4, 4:statueram... nihil de illo dicere,
id. Fragm. Clod. 1, 1:statueram recta Appia Romam (i. e. venire),
id. Att. 16, 10, 1:Pompeius statuerat bello decertare,
Caes. B. C. 3, 86: si cedere hinc statuisset, Liv. 44, 39, 7:triumphare mense Januario statuerat,
id. 39, 15:immemor sim propositi quo statui non ultra attingere externa nisi qua Romanis cohaererent rebus,
id. 39, 48:rex quamquam dissimulare statuerat,
id. 42, 21:opperiri ibi hostium adventum statuit,
id. 42, 54, 9:ut statuisse non pugnare consules cognitum est,
id. 2, 45, 9:exaugurare fana statuit,
id. 1, 55, 2:Delphos mittere statuit,
id. 1, 56, 5:eos deducere in agros statuerunt,
id. 40, 38, 2:tradere se, ait, moenia statuisse,
id. 8, 25, 10:Samnitium exercitus certamine ultimo fortunam experiri statuit,
id. 7, 37, 4:statuit sic adfectos hosti non obicere,
id. 44, 36, 2:sub idem tempus statuit senatus Carthaginem excidere,
Vell. 1, 12, 2:statui pauca disserere,
Tac. H. 4, 73:amoliri juvenem specie honoris statuit,
id. A. 2, 42:statuerat urbem novam condere,
Curt. 4, 8, 1:statuerat parcere urbi conditae a Cyro,
id. 7, 6, 20:rex statuerat inde abire,
id. 7, 11, 4:Alexander statuerat ex Syria petere Africam,
id. 10, 1, 17; 10, 5, 24; 5, 27 (9), 13; so,statutum habere cum animo ac deliberatum,
to have firmly and deliberately resolved, Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 41, § 95.—With sic:caedis initium fecisset a me, sic enim statuerat,
id. Phil. 3, 7, 29.—To judge, declare as a judgment, be of opinion, hold (especially of legal opinions), think, consider (always implying the establishment of a principle, or a decided conviction; cf.: existimo, puto, etc.).1.With acc. and inf.a.In gen.:b.senatus consulta falsa delata ab eo judicavimus... leges statuimus per vim et contra auspicia latas,
Cic. Phil. 12, 5, 12:statuit senatus hoc ne illi quidem esse licitum cui concesserat omnia,
id. Verr. 2, 3, 35, § 81:quin is tamen (judex) statuat fieri non posse ut de isto non severissime judicetur,
id. ib. 2, 3, 62, §144: hujusce rei vos (recuperatores) statuetis nullam esse actionem qui obstiterit armatis hominibus?
id. Caecin. 13, 39, ut quisquam juris numeretur peritus, qui id statuit esse jus quod non oporteat judicari, who holds that to be the law, id. ib. 24, 68:is (Pompeius) se in publico statuit esse non posse,
id. Pis. 13, 29:tu unquam tantam plagam tacitus accipere potuisses, nisi hoc ita statuisses, quidquid dixisses te deterius esse facturum?
id. Verr. 2, 3, 58, § 133:si causa cum causa contenderet, nos nostram perfacile cuivis probaturos statuebamus,
we were sure, id. Quint. 30, 92:non statuit sibi quidquam licere quod non patrem suum facere vidisset,
id. Verr. 2, 3, 90, § 211:hi sibi nullam societatem communis utilitatis causa statuunt esse cum civibus,
assume, id. Off. 3, 6, 28:cum igitur statuisset opus esse ad eam rem constituendam pecunia,
had become convinced, id. ib. 2, 23, 82:quo cive neminem ego statuo in hac re publica esse fortiorem,
id. Planc. 21, 51:quam quidem laudem sapientiae statuo esse maximam,
id. Fam. 5, 13, 1:hoc anno statuit temporis esse satis,
Ov. F. 1, 34:nolim statuas me mente maligna id facere,
Cat. 67, 37.— So with sic:velim sic statuas tuas mihi litteras longissimas quasque gratissimas fore,
Cic. Fam. 7, 33 fin.:ego sic statuo a me in hac causa pietatis potius quam defensionis partes esse susceptas,
I hold, lay down as the principle of my defence, id. Sest. 2, 3:quod sic statuit omnino consularem legem nullam putare,
id. ib. 64, 135:sic statuo et judico, neminem tot et tanta habuisse ornamenta dicendi,
id. Or. 2, 28, 122. —Hence, statui, I have judged, i. e. I know, and statueram, I had judged, i. e. I knew:ut ego qui in te satis consilii statuerim esse, mallem Peducaeum tibi consilium dare quam me, ironically,
Cic. Att. 1, 5, 4:qui saepe audissent, nihil esse pulchrius quam Syracusarum moenia, statuerant se, si ea Verre praetore non vidissent, numquam esse visuros,
id. Verr. 2, 5, 36, § 95.—With neutr. pron.:si dicam non recte aliquid statuere eos qui consulantur,
that they hold an erroneous opinion, Cic. Caecin. 24, 68; cf.:quis hoc statuit umquam, aut cui concedi potest, ut eum jure potuerit occidere a quo, etc.,
id. Tull. 24, 56; Quint. 5, 13, 21.—Particularly of a conclusion drawn from circumstances, to judge, infer, conclude; declare (as an inference):c.cum tuto senatum haberi non posse judicavistis, tum statuiistis, etiam intra muros Antonii scelus versari,
Cic. Phil. 3, 5, 13: quod si aliter statuetis, videte ne hoc vos statuatis, qui vivus decesserit, ei vim non esse factam, id. Caecin. 16, 46:quid? si tu ipse statuisti, bona P. Quinctii ex edicto possessa non esse?
id. Quint. 24, 76:ergo ad fidem bonam statuit pertinere notum esse emptori vitium quod nosset venditor,
id. Off. 3, 16, 67:Juppiter esse pium statuit quodcumque juvaret,
Ov. H. 4, 133.—With neutr. pron.:hoc (i. e. litteris Gabinii credendum non esse) statuit senatus cum frequens supplicationem Gabinio denegavit,
Cic. Prov. Cons. 6, 14:quod si tum statuit opus esse, quid cum ille decessisset, Flacco existimatis statuendum et faciendum fuisse?
id. Fl. 12, 29; cf. id. Caecin. 16, 46, supra; so,hoc si ita statuetis,
id. ib. 16, 47.—Esp. with gerund.-clause.(α).To hold, judge, think, consider, acknowledge, that something must be done, or should have been done:(β).tu cum tuos amicos in provinciam quasi in praedam invitabas... non statuebas tibi de illorum factis rationem esse reddendam?
did you not consider, did it not strike you? Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 11, § 29: statuit, si hoc crimen extenuari vellet, nauarchos omnes vita esse privandos, he thought it necessary to deprive, etc., id. ib. 2, 5, 40, §103: ut statuas mihi non modo non cedendum, sed etiam tuo auxilio utendum fuisse,
id. Fam. 5, 2, 10:statuebam sic, boni nihil ab illis nugis expectandum,
id. Sest. 10, 24:Antigonus statuit aliquid sibi consilii novi esse capiendum,
Nep. Eum. 8, 4. —So with opus fuisse:ut hoc statuatis oratione longa nihil opus fuisse,
acknowledge, Cic. Verr. 1, 18, 56: causam sibi dicendam esse statuerat jam ante quam hoc usu venit, knew (cf. a. supra), id. ib. 2, 5, 39, § 101. —To think that one must do something, to resolve, propose, usu. with dat. pers.:2.manendum mihi statuebam quasi in vigilia quadam consulari ac senatoria,
Cic. Phil. 1, 1, 1: quae vobis fit injuria si statuimus, vestro nobis judicio standum esse, if we conclude, purpose, to abide, etc., id. Fl. 27, 65:ut ea quae statuisses tibi in senatu dicenda, reticeres,
id. Fam. 5, 2, 1:statuit tamen nihil sibi in tantis injuriis gravius faciendum,
id. Clu. 6, 16:Caesar statuit exspectandam classem,
Caes. B. G. 3, 14:non expectandum sibi statuit dum, etc.,
id. ib. 1, 11:quod eo tempore statuerat non esse faciendum,
id. B. C. 3, 44:statuit sibi nihil agitandum,
Sall. J. 39, 5:Metellus statuit alio more bellum gerendum,
id. ib. 54, 5:Laco statuit accuratius sibi agendum cum Pharnabazo,
Nep. Alcib. 10, 2:sororis filios tollendos statuit,
Just. 38, 1.—With ut:3.si, ut Manilius statuebat, sic est judicatum (= ut judicandum esse statuebat),
Cic. Caecin. 24, 69:ut veteres statuerunt poetae (ut = quod ita esse),
id. Arat. 267 (33): quae majora auribus accepta sunt quam oculis noscuntur, ut statuit, as he thought, i. e. that those things were greater, etc., Liv. 45, 27:cum esset, ut ego mihi statuo, talis qualem te esse video,
Cic. Mur. 14, 32.—With two acc. (= duco, existimo):omnes qui libere de re publica sensimus, statuit ille quidem non inimicos, sed hostes,
regarded not as adversaries, but as foes, Cic. Phil. 11, 1, 3:Anaximenes aera deum statuit,
id. N. D. 10, 26:voluptatem summum bonum statuens,
id. Off. 1, 2, 5:video Lentulum cujus ego parentem deum ac patronum statuo fortunae ac nominis mei,
id. Sest. 69, 144:si rectum statuerimus concedere amicis quidquid velint,
id. Lael. 11, 38:Hieronymus summum bonum statuit non dolere,
id. Fin. 2, 6, 19:noster vero Plato Titanum e genere statuit eos qui... adversentur magistratibus,
id. Leg. 3, 2, 5:decretum postulat, quo justae inter patruos fratrumque filias nuptiae statuerentur,
Tac. A. 12, 7:optimum in praesentia statuit reponere odium,
id. Agr. 39.— P. a.: stătūtus, a, um, i. e. baculo, propped, leaning on a stick (dub. v. I. C. supra):vidistis senem... statutum, ventriosum?
Plaut. Rud. 2, 2, 11.—Hence, subst.: stătūtum, i, n., a law, decision, determination, statute (late Lat.):Dei,
Lact. 2, 16, 14:Parcarum leges ac statuta,
id. 1, 11, 14:statuta Dei et placita,
id. 7, 25, 8. -
11 gratus
[st1]1 [-] grātus, a, um: a - qui a de la grâce, gracieux, agréable, charmant, aimable, délicieux. - grata Venus, Hor.: la gracieuse Vénus. - solvitur acris hiems grata vice veris et Favoni, Hor. O. 1: l'âpre hiver s'adoucit à l'agréable retour du printemps et du Favonius. - ego gratiora dictu alia esse scio, Liv. 3: je sais qu'il y a d'autres choses plus agréables à dire. - gratum id multitudini spectaculum fuit, submissa sibi esse imperii insignia, Liv. 2: ce fut un spectacle bien doux pour la multitude de voir qu'on abaissait les insignes du pouvoir devant elle. - gratus locus, Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 46: charmant endroit. b - agréable, bienvenu, qui reçoit bon accueil. - nihil erat quod aut patri gratius aut sibi jucundius facere posset, Cic. Amer 51: il ne pouvait rien faire qui fût ou plus agréable à son père ou plus attrayant pour lui-même. - (amor tuus mihi est) gratus et optatus, dicerem jucundus nisi... Cic. Fam. 5, 15, 1: (ce témoignage de ton amitié) est le bienvenu et comble mes voeux, je dirais qu'il me cause du plaisir, si [ce mot n'était à jamais perdu pour moi]. - aliquid gratum acceptumque habere, Cic. Tusc. 5, 45: tenir une chose pour agréable et bien venue. - homines immolare diis immortalibus gratissimum esse duxerunt, Cic. Rep. 3, 15: ils crurent que les sacrifices humains étaient très agréables aux dieux. - eoque erat cujusque gratior in re publica virtus, quod... Cic. Rep. 2, 59: et les vertus politiques de chacun trouvaient d'autant meilleur accueil que... - gratum est quod volunt, Cic. Br. 68: applaudissons à leur intention. - gratus conviva, Hor. S. 2, 2, 119: convive bienvenu. - gratus Alexandro regi fuit Choerilus, Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 232: Choerilus trouva bon accueil auprès du roi Alexandre. - classis non amicorum, sed gratorum, Suet. Tib. 46: la classe non des amis, mais des bienvenus. c - accepté avec reconnaissance, accueilli avec faveur, cher, précieux, dont on a de la gratitude. - ista veritas, etiam si jucunda non est, mihi tamen grata est, Cic. Att. 3, 24, 2: cette vérité, même si elle n'est pas attrayante, ne laisse pas de m'être précieuse. - ejus officia jucundiora saepe mihi fuerunt, numquam tamen gratiora, Cic. Fam. 4, 6, 1: ses services m'ont souvent causé plus de plaisir, mais jamais ils ne m'ont été plus chers. - quae omnia mihi jucunda, hoc extremum etiam gratum fuit, Cic. Fam. 10, 3, 1: tous ces renseignements m'ont causé du plaisir, le dernier, je l'ai même reçu avec gratitude. - facere alicui gratum, gratissimum, pergratum: faire plaisir à qqn (le plus grand, un très grand plaisir), obliger qqn beaucoup. - ferrum, auro etiam gratius inter bella, Plin.: le fer, encore plus en faveur que l'or dans les combats. - sedere in his scholis gratius erat quam ire per solitudines, Plin. 26: il était plus agréable de s'asseoir sur les bancs d'une école que de parcourir les lieux déserts. - feceris, si de re publica quid sentias explicaris, nobis gratum omnibus, Cic. Rep. 1: tu nous feras plaisir à tous en nous expliquant ce que tu penses de la république. - Hephaestio gratissimus sibi, V.-Max: Héphestion, son favori. - grata in vulgus lex, Cic.: loi appréciée du peuple. - hedera est gratissima Baccho, Ov. F. 3: le lierre est l'arbre favori de Bacchus. - multitudini gratior fuit quam patribus, Liv. 1: il fut plus cher au peuple qu'aux sénateurs. d - reconnaissant. - gratissimus hominum, Cic. Fam. 5, 11, 1: le plus reconnaissant des hommes. --- cf. Cic. Leg. 1, 49 ; Fam. 10, 19, 1, etc. - gratum se praebere alicui, Cic. Planc. 91: se montrer reconnaissant à qqn. - gratus erga aliquem, Cic. Fam. 5, 5, 2, etc.: reconnaissant envers qqn, à propos de qqn. - gratus in aliquem, Cic. Planc. 77: reconnaissant envers qqn, à propos de qqn. - gratus in aliquo, Cic. Fam. 3, 8, 3: reconnaissant envers qqn, à propos de qqn. - gratus pro aliqua re, Sall. H. 2, 47, 5: reconnaissant pour qqch. - grato animo, Cic. Br. 5: avec reconnaissance. - gratissimo animo, gratissimis animis [pluralité] Cic. Sull. 72; Phil. 4, 3: avec la plus grande reconnaissance. - gratissima memoria omnium civium, Cic. Phil. 10, 7: le souvenir si reconnaissant de tous les citoyens. - grata manu, Hor. Ep. 1, 11, 23: d'une main reconnaissante. e - accueilli avec reconnaissance, qui mérite de la reconnaissance. - gratum facere alicui: faire plaisir à qqn. - gratissimum facere alicui: faire très grand plaisir à qqn. - filiola tua gratum mihi fecit quod tibi diligenter mandavit ut mihi salutem adscriberes, Cic. Att. 6: ta chère petite fille m'a fait plaisir: elle t'a vivement recommandé de me saluer de sa part. - si eum interfecerit, multis sese nobilibus gratum esse facturum, Caes. BG. 1 (sub. inf.): s’il le tue, il fera plaisir à bien des nobles. - per... gratus (avec tmèse) = pergratus. - quod ad me scribis, per mihi gratum est: je suis ravi de ce que tu m'écris. - opinione tua gratius est mihi, Cic.: cela m'est plus agréable que tu ne le penses. - id mihi gratius est quam quidquam: cela m'est plus agréable que quoi que ce soit. [st1]2 [-] Grātus, i, m.: surnom romain. --- Tac. An. 15, 50.* * *[st1]1 [-] grātus, a, um: a - qui a de la grâce, gracieux, agréable, charmant, aimable, délicieux. - grata Venus, Hor.: la gracieuse Vénus. - solvitur acris hiems grata vice veris et Favoni, Hor. O. 1: l'âpre hiver s'adoucit à l'agréable retour du printemps et du Favonius. - ego gratiora dictu alia esse scio, Liv. 3: je sais qu'il y a d'autres choses plus agréables à dire. - gratum id multitudini spectaculum fuit, submissa sibi esse imperii insignia, Liv. 2: ce fut un spectacle bien doux pour la multitude de voir qu'on abaissait les insignes du pouvoir devant elle. - gratus locus, Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 46: charmant endroit. b - agréable, bienvenu, qui reçoit bon accueil. - nihil erat quod aut patri gratius aut sibi jucundius facere posset, Cic. Amer 51: il ne pouvait rien faire qui fût ou plus agréable à son père ou plus attrayant pour lui-même. - (amor tuus mihi est) gratus et optatus, dicerem jucundus nisi... Cic. Fam. 5, 15, 1: (ce témoignage de ton amitié) est le bienvenu et comble mes voeux, je dirais qu'il me cause du plaisir, si [ce mot n'était à jamais perdu pour moi]. - aliquid gratum acceptumque habere, Cic. Tusc. 5, 45: tenir une chose pour agréable et bien venue. - homines immolare diis immortalibus gratissimum esse duxerunt, Cic. Rep. 3, 15: ils crurent que les sacrifices humains étaient très agréables aux dieux. - eoque erat cujusque gratior in re publica virtus, quod... Cic. Rep. 2, 59: et les vertus politiques de chacun trouvaient d'autant meilleur accueil que... - gratum est quod volunt, Cic. Br. 68: applaudissons à leur intention. - gratus conviva, Hor. S. 2, 2, 119: convive bienvenu. - gratus Alexandro regi fuit Choerilus, Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 232: Choerilus trouva bon accueil auprès du roi Alexandre. - classis non amicorum, sed gratorum, Suet. Tib. 46: la classe non des amis, mais des bienvenus. c - accepté avec reconnaissance, accueilli avec faveur, cher, précieux, dont on a de la gratitude. - ista veritas, etiam si jucunda non est, mihi tamen grata est, Cic. Att. 3, 24, 2: cette vérité, même si elle n'est pas attrayante, ne laisse pas de m'être précieuse. - ejus officia jucundiora saepe mihi fuerunt, numquam tamen gratiora, Cic. Fam. 4, 6, 1: ses services m'ont souvent causé plus de plaisir, mais jamais ils ne m'ont été plus chers. - quae omnia mihi jucunda, hoc extremum etiam gratum fuit, Cic. Fam. 10, 3, 1: tous ces renseignements m'ont causé du plaisir, le dernier, je l'ai même reçu avec gratitude. - facere alicui gratum, gratissimum, pergratum: faire plaisir à qqn (le plus grand, un très grand plaisir), obliger qqn beaucoup. - ferrum, auro etiam gratius inter bella, Plin.: le fer, encore plus en faveur que l'or dans les combats. - sedere in his scholis gratius erat quam ire per solitudines, Plin. 26: il était plus agréable de s'asseoir sur les bancs d'une école que de parcourir les lieux déserts. - feceris, si de re publica quid sentias explicaris, nobis gratum omnibus, Cic. Rep. 1: tu nous feras plaisir à tous en nous expliquant ce que tu penses de la république. - Hephaestio gratissimus sibi, V.-Max: Héphestion, son favori. - grata in vulgus lex, Cic.: loi appréciée du peuple. - hedera est gratissima Baccho, Ov. F. 3: le lierre est l'arbre favori de Bacchus. - multitudini gratior fuit quam patribus, Liv. 1: il fut plus cher au peuple qu'aux sénateurs. d - reconnaissant. - gratissimus hominum, Cic. Fam. 5, 11, 1: le plus reconnaissant des hommes. --- cf. Cic. Leg. 1, 49 ; Fam. 10, 19, 1, etc. - gratum se praebere alicui, Cic. Planc. 91: se montrer reconnaissant à qqn. - gratus erga aliquem, Cic. Fam. 5, 5, 2, etc.: reconnaissant envers qqn, à propos de qqn. - gratus in aliquem, Cic. Planc. 77: reconnaissant envers qqn, à propos de qqn. - gratus in aliquo, Cic. Fam. 3, 8, 3: reconnaissant envers qqn, à propos de qqn. - gratus pro aliqua re, Sall. H. 2, 47, 5: reconnaissant pour qqch. - grato animo, Cic. Br. 5: avec reconnaissance. - gratissimo animo, gratissimis animis [pluralité] Cic. Sull. 72; Phil. 4, 3: avec la plus grande reconnaissance. - gratissima memoria omnium civium, Cic. Phil. 10, 7: le souvenir si reconnaissant de tous les citoyens. - grata manu, Hor. Ep. 1, 11, 23: d'une main reconnaissante. e - accueilli avec reconnaissance, qui mérite de la reconnaissance. - gratum facere alicui: faire plaisir à qqn. - gratissimum facere alicui: faire très grand plaisir à qqn. - filiola tua gratum mihi fecit quod tibi diligenter mandavit ut mihi salutem adscriberes, Cic. Att. 6: ta chère petite fille m'a fait plaisir: elle t'a vivement recommandé de me saluer de sa part. - si eum interfecerit, multis sese nobilibus gratum esse facturum, Caes. BG. 1 (sub. inf.): s’il le tue, il fera plaisir à bien des nobles. - per... gratus (avec tmèse) = pergratus. - quod ad me scribis, per mihi gratum est: je suis ravi de ce que tu m'écris. - opinione tua gratius est mihi, Cic.: cela m'est plus agréable que tu ne le penses. - id mihi gratius est quam quidquam: cela m'est plus agréable que quoi que ce soit. [st1]2 [-] Grātus, i, m.: surnom romain. --- Tac. An. 15, 50.* * *Gratus, Adiectiuum. Terent. Bien recongnoissant le plaisir qu'on luy a faict, et qui en scait gré.\Gratus erga aliquem. Plin. Recongnoissant le plaisir qu'il a receu de luy.\Gratus. Cic. Aggreable, Qui nous aggree.\In vulgus gratus. Tacit. Aggreable au commun, au peuple.\Gratum odore iucundo ladanum. Plin. Plaisant pour la doulce odeur et senteur qu'il ha.\Gratum in cibo. Plin. Savoureux, De plaisant manger.\Si hunc iuueris, gratissimum mihi feceris. Cic. Tu feras chose à moy fort aggreable, Cela m'aggreera fort. -
12 ex
ex or ē (ex always before vowels, and elsewh. more freq. than e; e. g. in Cic. Rep. e occurs 19 times, but ex 61 times, before consonants—but no rule can be given for the usage; cf., e. g., ex and e together:I.qui ex corporum vinculis tamquam e carcere evolaverunt,
Cic. Rep. 6, 14. But certain expressions have almost constantly the same form, as ex parte, ex sententia, ex senatus consulto, ex lege, ex tempore, etc.; but e regione, e re nata, e vestigio, e medio, and e republica used adverbially; v. Neue, Formenl. 2, 756 sq.), praep. with abl. [kindr. with Gr. ek, ex], denotes out from the interior of a thing, in opposition to in (cf. ab and de init.), out of, from.In space.A.Prop.:2.interea e portu nostra navis solvitur, Ubi portu exiimus, etc.,
Plaut. Bacch. 2, 3, 54:quam (sphaeram) M. Marcelli avus captis Syracusis ex urbe locupletissima atque ornatissima sustulisset, cum aliud nihil ex tanta praeda domum suam deportavisset,
Cic. Rep. 1, 14:influxit non tenuis quidam e Graecia rivulus in hanc urbem,
id. ib. 2, 19:visam, ecquae advenerit In portum ex Epheso navis mercatoria,
Plaut. Bacch. 2, 3, 2; cf. id. ib. 3, 2, 5;3, 6, 32 al.: magno de flumine malim quam ex hoc fonticulo tantundem sumere,
Hor. S. 1, 1, 56; cf.:nec vos de paupere mensa Dona nec e puris spernite fictilibus,
Tib. 1, 1, 38:clanculum ex aedibus me edidi foras,
Plaut. Most. 3, 2, 9; so freq. with verbs compounded with ex; also with verbs compounded with ab and de, v. abeo, abscedo, amoveo, aveho, etc.; decedo, deduco, defero, deicio, etc.—In a downward direction, from, down from, from off:3.ex spelunca saxum in crura ejus incidisse,
Cic. Fat. 3, 6; cf. Liv. 35, 21:picis e caelo demissum flumen,
Lucr. 6, 257:equestribus proeliis saepe ex equis desiliunt,
Caes. B. G. 4, 2, 3; cf.:cecidisse ex equo dicitur,
Cic. Clu. 62 fin.:e curru trahitur,
id. Rep. 2, 41:e curru desilit,
Ov. A. A. 1, 559 et saep., v. cado, decido, decurro, deduco, delabor, elabor, etc.—In an upward direction, from, above:B.collis paululum ex planitie editus,
Caes. B. G. 2, 8, 3:globum terrae eminentem e mari,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 28;and trop.: consilia erigendae ex tam gravi casu rei publicae,
Liv. 6, 2.—Transf.1.To indicate the country, and, in gen., the place from or out of which any person or thing comes, from:2.ex Aethiopia est usque haec,
Ter. Eun. 3, 2, 18:quod erat ex eodem municipio,
Cic. Clu. 17, 49; cf. id. ib. 5, 11.—Freq. without a verb:Philocrates ex Alide,
Plaut. Capt. 3, 2, 10:ex Aethiopia ancillula,
Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 85 Ruhnk.:negotiator ex Africa,
Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 5:Epicurei e Graecia,
id. N. D. 1, 21, 58:Q. Junius ex Hispania quidam,
Caes. B. G. 5, 27:ex India elephanti,
Liv. 35, 32:civis Romanus e conventu Panhormitano,
Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 54 Zumpt; cf. id. ib. 2, 5, 59 fin.:meretrix e proxumo,
Plaut. As. 1, 1, 38; cf. id. Aul. 2, 4, 11:puer ex aula (sc. regis barbari),
Hor. C. 1, 29, 7:ex spelunca saxum,
Cic. Fat. 3, 6:saxum ex capitolio,
Liv. 35, 21, 6:ex equo cadere,
Cic. Clu. 32, 175; cf. id. Fat. 3, 6; Auct. B. Hisp. 15 et saep.—To indicate the place from which any thing is done or takes place, from, down from: ibi tum derepente ex alto in altum despexit mare, Enn. ap. Non. 518, 6 (for which:II.a summo caelo despicere,
Ov. A. A. 2, 87; and:de vertice montis despicere,
id. M. 11, 503); cf.:T. Labienus... ex loco superiore conspicatus, etc.,
Caes. B. G. 2, 26, 4:ex qua (villa) jam audieram fremitum clientium meorum,
Cic. Fam. 7, 18, 3:ex hoc ipso loco permulta contra legem eam verba fecisti,
id. de Imp. Pomp. 17, 52; so id. ib. 8 fin.; cf.:judices aut e plano aut e quaesitoris tribunali admonebat,
Suet. Tib. 33:ex equo, ex prora, ex puppi pugnare,
Plin. 7, 56, 57, § 202 and 209; cf. Caes. B. G. 2, 27, 3:ex vinculis causam dicere,
id. ib. 1, 4, 1; Liv. 29, 19.—Hence the adverbial expressions, ex adverso, ex diverso, ex contrario, e regione, ex parte, e vestigio, etc.; v. the words adversus, diversus, etc.—Also, ex itinere, during or on a journey, on the march, without halting, Cic. Fam. 3, 9; Sall. C. 34, 2; Liv. 35, 24; Caes. B. G. 2, 6, 1; 3, 21, 2; id. B. C. 1, 24, 4; Sall. J. 56, 3 al.; cf.also: ex fuga,
during the flight, Caes. B. G. 6, 35, 6; id. B. C. 3, 95; 96 fin.; Sall. J. 54, 4 Kritz.; Liv. 6, 29; 28, 23 al.In time.A.From a certain point of time, i. e. immediately after, directly after, after (in this sense more freq. than ab):2.Cotta ex consulatu est profectus in Galliam,
Cic. Brut. 92, 318; so,ex consulatu,
Liv. 4, 31 Drak.; 40, 1 fin.; 22, 49; 27, 34; Vell. 2, 33, 1 al.:ex praetura,
Cic. Leg. 1, 20, 53; id. Mur. 7, 15; Caes. B. C. 1, 22, 4; 1, 31, 2:ex dictatura,
Liv. 10, 5 fin.:ex eo magistratu,
Vell. 2, 31 et saep.; cf.:Agrippa ex Asia (pro consule eam provinciam annuo imperio tenuerat) Moesiae praepositus est,
Tac. H. 3, 46 fin.:statim e somno lavantur,
id. G. 22:tanta repente vilitas annonae ex summa inopia et caritate rei frumentariae consecuta est,
Cic. de Imp. Pomp. 15, 44; cf. Liv. 21, 39:ex aliquo graviore actu personam deponere,
Quint. 6, 2, 35:mulier ex partu si, etc.,
Cels. 2, 8:ex magnis rupibus nactus planitiem,
Caes. B. C. 1, 70, 3; cf.: ex maximo bello tantum otium totae insulae conciliavit, ut, etc., Nop. Timol. 3, 2; and:ex magna desperatione tandem saluti redditus,
Just. 12, 10, 1 et saep.:ex quo obses Romae fuit,
since he was a hostage in Rome, Liv. 40, 5 fin. —So the phrase, aliud ex alio, one thing after another:me quotidie aliud ex alio impedit,
Cic. Fam. 9, 19 fin.; Cic. Leg. 1, 4, 14 (cf. also, alius, D.):aliam rem ex alia cogitare,
Ter. Eun. 4, 2, 3:alia ex aliis iniquiora postulando,
Liv. 4, 2.—So, too, diem ex die exspectabam, one day after another, from day to day, Cic. Att. 7, 26 fin.; cf.:diem ex die ducere,
Caes. B. G. 1, 16, 5 (v. dies, I. A. b.).—With names of office or calling, to denote one who has completed his term of office, or has relinquished his vocation. So in class. Lat. very dub.;B.for the passage,
Caes. B. C. 1, 46, 4, belongs more correctly under III. B. It is, however, very common in post-class. Lat., esp. in inscriptions—ex consule, ex comite, ex duce, ex equite, ex praefecto, etc.— an ex-consul, etc. (for which, without good MS. authority, the nominatives exconsul, excomes, exdux, etc., are sometimes assumed, in analogy with proconsul, and subvillicus; cf. Schneid. Gram. 1, p. 562, note, and the authors there cited):vir excelsus ex quaestore et ex consule Tribonianus,
Cod. Just. 1, 17, 2, § 9; cf.:Pupienus et Balbinus, ambo ex consulibus,
Capitol. Gord. 22:duo ante ipsam aram a Gallicano ex consulibus et Maecenate ex ducibus interempti sunt,
id. ib.:mandabat Domitiano, ex comite largitionum, praefecto, ut, etc.,
Amm. 14, 7, 9:Serenianus ex duce,
id. 14, 7, 7:INLVSTRIS EX PRAEFECTO praeTORIO ET EX PRAEFECTO VRbis,
Inscr. Orell. 2355 al., v. Inscr. Orell. in Indice, p. 525.—And of a period of life: quem si Constans Imperator olim ex adulto jamque maturum audiret, etc.,
i. e. who had outgrown the period of youth, and was now a man, Amm. 16, 7.—From and after a given time, from... onward, from, since (cf. ab, II. A. 2.):C.bonus volo jam ex hoc die esse,
Plaut. Pers. 4, 3, 10:itaque ex eo tempore res esse in vadimonium coepit,
Cic. Quint. 5 fin.:nec vero usquam discedebam, nec a republica deiciebam oculos, ex eo die, quo, etc.,
id. Phil. 1, 1:ex aeterno tempore,
id. Fin. 1, 6, 17:ex hoc die,
id. Rep. 1, 16:motum ex Metello consule civicum tractas,
from the consulship of Metellus, Hor. C. 2, 1, 1:C. Pompeius Diogenes ex Kalendis Juliis cenaculum locat,
Petr. 38, 10; so usually in forms of hiring; cf. Garaton. Cic. Phil. 2, 39, 100:ex ea die ad hanc diem,
Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 12 fin.:memoria tenent, me ex Kalendis Januariis ad hanc horam invigilasse rei publicae,
id. Phil. 14, 7, 20.—Esp.: ex quo (sc. tempore), since: [p. 670] octavus annus est, ex quo, etc., Tac. Agr. 33; id. A. 14, 53:sextus decimus dies agitur, ex quo,
id. H. 1, 29:sextus mensis est, ex quo,
Curt. 10, 6, 9; Hor. Ep. 11, 5; so,ex eo,
Tac. A. 12, 7; Suet. Caes. 22:ex illo,
Ov. F. 5, 670; Stat. Silv. 1, 2, 81.—Less freq. in specifying a future date (after which something is to be done), from, after:III.Romae vereor ne ex Kal. Jan. magni tumultus sint,
Cic. Fam. 16, 9, 3:hunc judicem ex Kal. Jan. non habemus... ex Kal. Jan. non judicabunt,
id. Verr. 1, 10:ex Idibus Mart.... ex Idibus Mai.,
id. Att. 5, 21, 9.In other relations, and in gen. where a going out or forth, a coming or springing out of any thing is conceivable.A.With verbs of taking out, or, in gen., of taking, receiving, deriving (both physically and mentally; so of perceiving, comprehending, inquiring, learning, hoping, etc.), away from, from, out of, of:B.solem e mundo tollere videntur, qui amicitiam e vita tollunt,
Cic. Lael. 13, 47:ex omni populo deligendi potestas,
id. Agr. 2, 9, 23:agro ex hoste capto,
Liv. 41, 14, 3:cui cum liceret majores ex otio fructus capere,
Cic. Rep. 1, 4:ex populo Romano bona accipere,
Sall. J. 102:majorem laetitiam ex desiderio bonorum percepimus, quam ex laetitia improborum dolorem,
Cic. Rep. 1, 4:quaesierat ex me Scipio,
id. ib. 1, 13:ex te requirunt,
id. ib. 2, 38:de quo studeo ex te audire, quid sentias,
id. ib. 1, 11 fin.; 1, 30; 1, 46; 2, 38; cf.:intellexi ex tuis litteris te ex Turannio audisse, etc.,
id. Att. 6, 9, 3:ex eo cum ab ineunte ejus aetate bene speravissem,
id. Fam. 13, 16 et saep.; cf.:ex aliqua re aliquid nominare,
id. N. D. 2, 20, 51:vocare,
Tac. G. 2, 4; cf. id. ib. 4, 55; Sall. J. 5, 4.—In specifying a multitude from which something is taken, or of which it forms a part, out of, of:2.qui ex civitate in senatum, ex senatu in hoc consilium delecti estis,
Cic. Rosc. Am. 3 fin.:e vectoribus sorte ductus,
id. Rep. 1, 34:ecquis est ex tanto populo, qui? etc.,
id. Rab. Post. 17:homo ex numero disertorum postulabat, ut, etc.,
id. de Or. 1, 37, 168: Q. Fulgentius, ex primo hastato (sc. ordine) legionis XIV., i. e. a soldier of the first division of hastati of the 14 th legion, Caes. B. C. 1, 46;v. hastatus: e barbaris ipsis nulli erant maritimi,
Cic. Rep. 2, 4:unus ex illis decemviris,
id. ib. 2, 37:ex omnibus seculis vix tria aut quatuor nominantur paria amicorum,
id. Lael. 4, 15:aliquis ex vobis,
id. Cael. 3, 7; id. Fam. 13, 1 fin.: id enim ei ex ovo videbatur aurum declarasse;reliquum, argentum,
this of the egg, id. Div. 2, 65:quo e collegio (sc. decemvirorum),
id. Rep. 2, 36:virgines ex sacerdotio Vestae,
Flor. 1, 13, 12:alia ex hoc quaestu,
Ter. Hec. 5, 1, 29 Ruhnk.; cf.:fuit eodem ex studio vir eruditus apud patres nostros,
Cic. Mur. 36; Ov. Am. 2, 5, 54; Sen. Ben. 3, 9; id. Ep. 52, 3:qui sibi detulerat ex latronibus suis principatum,
Cic. Phil. 2, 3:est tibi ex his, qui assunt, bella copia,
id. Rep. 2, 40:Batavi non multum ex ripa, sed insulam Rheni amnis colunt,
Tac. G. 29:acerrimum autem ex omnibus nostris sensibus esse sensum videndi,
Cic. de Or. 2, 87, 357:ex tribus istis modis rerum publicarum velim scire quod optimum judices,
id. Rep. 1, 30; cf. id. ib. 1, 35 et saep.—Sometimes a circumlocution for the subject. gen., of (cf. de):C.has (turres) altitudo puppium ex barbaris navibus superabat,
Caes. B. G. 3, 14, 4:album ex ovo cum rosa mixtum,
Cels. 4, 20:ex fraxino frondes, ex leguminibus paleae,
Col. 7, 3, 21 sq. —To indicate the material of which any thing is made or consists, of:D.fenestrae e viminibus factae,
Varr. R. R. 3, 9, 6; cf.:statua ex aere facta,
Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 21; and:ex eo auro buculam curasse faciendam,
id. Div. 1, 24:substramen e palea,
Varr. R. R. 3, 10, 4:pocula ex auro, vas vinarium ex una gemma pergrandi,
Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 27:monilia e gemmis,
Suet. Calig. 56:farina ex faba,
Cels. 5, 28:potiones ex absinthio,
id. ib. et saep.:Ennius (i. e. statua ejus) constitutus ex marmore,
Cic. Arch. 9 fin.; cf. id. Ac. 2, 31, 100:(homo) qui ex animo constet et corpore caduco et infirmo,
id. N. D. 1, 35, 98:natura concreta ex pluribus naturis,
id. ib. 3, 14; id. Rep. 1, 45; id. Ac. 1, 2, 6: cum Epicuro autem hoc est plus negotii, quod e duplici genere voluptatis conjunctus est, id. Fin. 2, 14, 44 et saep.—To denote technically the material, out of, i. e. with which any thing to eat or drink, etc., is mixed or prepared (esp. freq. of medical preparations):E.resinam ex melle Aegyptiam,
Plaut. Merc. 1, 2, 28:quo pacto ex jure hesterno panem atrum vorent,
Ter. Eun. 5, 4, 17:bibat jejunus ex aqua castoreum,
Cels. 3, 23:aqua ex lauro decocta,
id. 4, 2; cf.:farina tritici ex aceto cocta,
Plin. 22, 25, 57, § 120:pullum hirundinis servatum ex sale,
Cels. 4, 4:nuclei pinei ex melle, panis vel elota alica ex aqua mulsa (danda est),
id. 4, 7 et saep.—So of the mixing of colors or flavors:bacae e viridi rubentes,
Plin. 15, 30, 39, § 127:frutex ramosus, bacis e nigro rufis,
id. ib. §132: id solum e rubro lacteum traditur,
id. 12, 14, 30, § 52:e viridi pallens,
id. 37, 8, 33, § 110:apes ex aureolo variae,
Col. 9, 3, 2:sucus ex austero dulcis,
Plin. 13, 9, 18, § 62; 21, 8, 26, § 50:ex dulci acre,
id. 11, 15, 15, § 39; cf.trop.: erat totus ex fraude et mendacio factus,
Cic. Clu. 26.—To indicate the cause or reason of any thing, from, through, by, by reason of, on account of:2.cum esset ex aere alieno commota civitas,
Cic. Rep. 2, 33:ex doctrina nobilis et clarus,
id. Rab. Post. 9, 23:ex vulnere aeger,
id. Rep. 2, 21; cf.:ex renibus laborare,
id. Tusc. 2, 25:ex gravitate loci vulgari morbos,
Liv. 25, 26:ex vino vacillantes, hesterna ex potatione oscitantes,
Quint. 8, 33, 66:gravida e Pamphilo est,
Ter. And. 1, 3, 11:credon' tibi hoc, nunc peperisse hanc e Pamphilo?
id. ib. 3, 2, 17:ex se nati,
Cic. Rep. 1, 35:ex quodam conceptus,
id. ib. 2, 21:ex nimia potentia principum oritur interitus principum,
id. ib. 1, 44:ex hac maxima libertate tyrannis gignitur,
id. ib. et saep.:ex te duplex nos afficit sollicitudo,
Cic. Brut. 97, 332; cf.:quoniam tum ex me doluisti, nunc ut duplicetur tuum ex me gaudium, praestabo,
id. Fam. 16, 21, 3:in spem victoriae adductus ex opportunitate loci,
Sall. J. 48, 2:veritus ex anni tempore et inopia aquae, ne siti conficeretur exercitus,
id. ib. 50, 1 et saep.:ex Transalpinis gentibus triumphare,
Cic. Phil. 8, 6, 18; id. Off. 2, 8, 28; cf. id. Fam. 3, 10, 1:gens Fabia saepe ex opulentissima Etrusca civitate victoriam tulit,
Liv. 2, 50:ex tam propinquis stativis parum tuta frumentatio erat,
i. e. on account of the proximity of the two camps, Liv. 31, 36:qua ex causa cum bellum Romanis Sabini intulissent,
Cic. Rep. 2, 7:hic mihi (credo equidem ex hoc, quod eramus locuti) Africanus se ostendit,
id. ib. 6, 10:quod ex eo sciri potest, quia, etc.,
id. Tusc. 1, 18 fin.; cf. id. Leg. 1, 15, 43:causa... fuit ex eo, quod, etc.,
id. Phil. 6, 1:ex eo fieri, ut, etc.,
id. Lael. 13, 46:ex quo fit, ut, etc.,
id. Rep. 1, 43:e quo efficitur, non ut, etc.,
id. Fin. 2, 5, 15 et saep.—Sometimes between two substantives without a verb:non minor ex aqua postea quam ab hostibus clades,
Flor. 4, 10, 8:ex nausea vomitus,
Cels. 4, 5:ex hac clade atrox ira,
Liv. 2, 51, 6:metus ex imperatore, contemptio ex barbaris,
Tac. A. 11, 20:ex legato timor,
id. Agr. 16 et saep.—In partic., to indicate that from which any thing derives its name, from, after, on account of:F.cui postea Africano cognomen ex virtute fuit,
Sall. J. 5, 4; cf. Flor. 2, 6, 11:cui (sc. Tarquinio) cognomen Superbo ex moribus datum,
id. 1, 7, 1:nomen ex vitio positum,
Ov. F. 2, 601:quarum ex disparibus motionibus magnum annum mathematici nominaverunt,
Cic. N. D. 2, 20; id. Leg. 1, 8; cf. id. Tusc. 4, 12; Plin. 11, 37, 45, § 123:holosteon sine duritia est, herba ex adverso appellata a Graecis,
id. 27, 10, 65, § 91:quam urbem e suo nomine Romam jussit nominari,
Cic. Rep. 2, 7:e nomine (nominibus),
id. ib. 2, 20; Tac. A. 4, 55; id. G. 2; Just. 15, 4, 8; 20, 5, 9 et saep.—To indicate a transition, i. e. a change, alteration, from one state or condition to another, from, out of:G.si possum tranquillum facere ex irato mihi,
Plaut. Cist. 3, 21:fierent juvenes subito ex infantibus parvis,
Lucr. 1, 186:dii ex hominibus facti,
Cic. Rep. 2, 10:ut exsistat ex rege dominus, ex optimatibus factio, ex populo turba et confusio,
id. ib. 1, 45:nihil est tam miserabile quam ex beato miser,
id. Part. 17; cf.:ex exsule consul,
id. Manil. 4, 46:ex perpetuo annuum placuit, ex singulari duplex,
Flor. 1, 9, 2: tua virtute nobis Romanos ex amicis amicissimos fecisti, Sall. J. 10:ex alto sapore excitati,
Curt. 7, 11, 18.—Ex (e) re, ex usu or ex injuria, to or for the advantage or injury of any one:H.ex tua re non est, ut ego emoriar,
Plaut. Ps. 1, 3, 102; 104; cf. Ter. Phorm. 5, 7, 76: Cervius haec inter vicinus garrit aniles Ex re fabellas, i. e. fitting, suitable, pertinent (= pro commodo, quae cum re proposita conveniant), Hor. S. 2, 6, 78:aliquid facere bene et e re publica,
for the good, the safety of the state, Cic. Phil. 10, 11, 25:e (not ex) re publica,
id. ib. 3, 12, 30; 8, 4, 13; id. de Or. 2, 28, 124; id. Fam. 13, 8, 2; Liv. 23, 24; Suet. Caes. 19 et saep.:exque re publica,
Cic. Phil. 3, 15, 38; 5, 13, 36:non ex usu nostro est,
Plaut. Merc. 2, 3, 60; Ter. Hec. 4, 3, 10; Caes. B. G. 1, 30, 2; 1, 50 fin.; 5, 6 fin. al.; cf.:ex utilitate,
Plin. Pan. 67, 4; Tac. A. 15, 43:ex nullius injuria,
Liv. 45, 44, 11.—To designate the measure or rule, according to, after, in conformity with which any thing is done:I.(majores) primum jurare EX SVI ANIMI SENTENTIA quemque voluerunt,
Cic. Ac. 2, 47 fin. (cf. Beier, Cic. Off. 3, 29, 108, and the references):ex omnium sententia constitutum est, etc.,
id. Clu. 63, 177; cf.:ex senatus sententia,
id. Fam. 12, 4:ex collegii sententia,
Liv. 4, 53:ex amicorum sententia,
id. 40, 29:ex consilii sententia,
id. 45, 29 et saep.; cf.also: ex sententia, i. q. ex voluntate,
according to one's wish, Plaut. Capt. 2, 2, 96: Ter. Hec. 5, 4, 32; Cic. Fam. 12, 10, 2; id. Att. 5, 21 al.;and, in a like sense: ex mea sententia,
Plaut. Men. 2, 2, 1; id. Merc. 2, 3, 36:ex senatus consulto,
Cic. Rep. 3, 18; Sall. C. 42 fin.:ex edicto, ex decreto,
Cic. Fam. 13, 56 fin.; id. Quint. 8, 30:ex lege,
id. Div. in Caecil. 5, 19; id. Clu. 37, 103; id. Inv. 1, 38, 68: ex jure, Enn. ap. Gell. 20, 10, 4 (Ann. v. 276 ed. Vahl.); Varr. L. L. 6, § 64 Mull.; Cic. Mur. 12, 26; id. de Or. 1, 10, 41:ex foedere,
Liv. 1, 23 et saep.:hunccine erat aequum ex illius more, an illum ex hujus vivere?
Ter. Heaut. 1, 2, 29; so,ex more,
Sall. J. 61, 3; Verg. A. 5, 244; 8, 186; Ov. M. 14, 156; 15, 593; Plin. Ep. 3, 18; Flor. 4, 2, 79 al.; cf.:ex consuetudine,
Cic. Clu. 13, 38; Caes. B. G. 1, 52, 4; 4, 32, 1; Sall. J. 71, 4; Quint. 2, 7, 1 al.:quod esse volunt e virtute, id est honeste vivere,
Cic. Fin. 2, 11, 34:ex sua libidine moderantur,
Ter. Heaut. 2, 1, 4; cf. Sall. C. 8, 1:ut magis ex animo rogare nihil possim,
Cic. Fam. 13, 8, 3:eorum ex ingenio ingenium horum probant,
Plaut. Trin. 4, 3, 42; cf. Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 118; Balb. ap. Cic. Att. 9, 7, A.:leges ex utilitate communi, non ex scriptione, quae in litteris est, interpretari,
Cic. Inv. 1, 38; cf. id. Lael. 6, 21:nemo enim illum ex trunco corporis spectabat, sed ex artificio comico aestimabat,
id. Rosc. Com. 10, 28; cf. Sall. C. 10, 5; Caes. B. G. 3, 20, 1; Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 4, 2 al.:ex tuis verbis meum futurum corium pulcrum praedicas,
Plaut. Ep. 5, 1, 19; cf. Cic. Fam. 7, 17; id. Att. 1, 3:nunc quae scribo, scribo ex opinione hominum atque fama,
id. Fam. 12, 4 fin.:scripsit Tiberio, non ut profugus aut supplex, sed ex memoria prioris fortunae,
Tac. A. 2, 63: quamquam haec quidem res non solum ex domestica est ratione;attingit etiam bellicam,
Cic. Off. 1, 22, 76; cf. id. Quint. 11; 15 et saep.—E re rata, v. ratus.—To form adverbial expressions, such as: ex aequo, ex commodo, ex contrario, ex composito, ex confesso, ex destinato, ex diverso, ex facili, etc., ex affluenti, ex continenti;► Ex placed after its noun: variis ex, Lucr.ex improviso, ex inopinato, etc., v. the words aequus, commodus, etc.
2, 791:IV.terris ex,
id. 6, 788:quibus e sumus uniter apti,
id. 3, 839; 5, 949.—E joined with que:que sacra quercu,
Verg. E. 7, 13.In composition, ex (cf. dis) before vowels and h, and before c, p, q, t (exagito, exeo, exigo, exoro, exuro, exhaurio; excedo, expello, exquiro, extraho); ef (sometimes ec) before f (effero, effluo, effringo; also in good MSS. ecfero, ecfari, ecfodio), elsewhere e (eblandior, educo, egredior, eicio, eligo, emitto, enitor, evado, eveho). A few exceptions are found, viz., in ex: epoto and epotus as well as expotus, and escendo as well as exscensio; in e: exbibo as well as ebibo; exballisto, exbola; exdorsuo; exfututa as well as effutuo; exfibulo; exlex, etc. After ex in compounds s is [p. 671] often elided in MSS. and edd. Both forms are correct, but the best usage and analogy favor the retaining of the s; so, exsaevio, exsanguis, exscensio, exscindo, exscribo, exsculpo, exseco, exsecror, exsequiae, exsequor, exsero, exsicco, exsilio, exsilium, exsisto, exsolvo, exsomnis, exsorbeo, exsors, exspecto, exspes, exspiro, exspolio, exspuo, exsterno, exstimulo, exstinguo, exstirpo, exsto, exstruo, exsudo, exsugo, exsul, exsulto, exsupero, exsurgo, exsuscito, and some others, with their derivv.; cf. Ribbeck, Prol. Verg. p. 445 sq. Only in escendere and escensio is the elision of x before s sustained by preponderant usage; cf. Neue, Formenl. 2, p. 766.—B.Signification.1.Primarily and most freq. of place, out or forth: exeo, elabor, educo, evado, etc.; and in an upward direction: emineo, effervesco, effero, erigo, exsurgo, exsulto, extollo, everto, etc.—Hence also, trop., out of ( a former nature), as in effeminare, qs. to change out of his own nature into that of a woman: effero, are, to render wild; thus ex comes to denote privation or negation, Engl. un-: exanimare, excusare, enodare, exonerare, effrenare, egelidus, I., elinguis, elumbis, etc.—2.Throughout, to the end: effervesco, effero, elugeo; so in the neuter verbs which in composition (esp. since the Aug. per.) become active: egredior, enavigo, eno, enitor, excedo, etc.—Hence, thoroughly, utterly, completely: elaudare, emori, enecare, evastare, evincere (but eminari and eminatio are false readings for minari and minatio; q. v.); and hence a simple enhancing of the principal idea: edurus, efferus, elamentabilis, egelidus, exacerbo, exaugeo, excolo, edisco, elaboro, etc. In many compounds, however, of post - Aug. and especially of post-class. Latinity this force of ex is no longer distinct; so in appellations of color: exalbidus, exaluminatus, etc.; so in exabusus, exambire, exancillatus, etc. Vid. Hand Turs. II. Pp. 613-662. -
13 censeo
1.cēnseo (on the long e, v. Corss. Ausspr. 1, p. 257 sq.), ui, censum (late Lat. censitum, Cod. Just. 11, 47 tit.; 11, 49 tit.; 11, 47, 4 al.; but not in Monum. Ancyr.; cf. Neue, Formenl. 2, 557), 2, v. a. [etym. dub.; often referred to root cas-, whence carmen, camoenus; but prob. from centum, orig. centere, to hundred or number the people; cf. Fischer, Gram. 1, p. 373].I. A.In reference to the census (v. census).1.Of the censor (v. censor).(α).Rarely act. with acc. of the persons or objects assessed or rated; but usu. pass., with subj. -nom.:(β).censores populi aevitates, suboles, familias, pecuniasque censento,
Cic. Leg. 3, 3, 7:census quom sum, juratori recte rationem dedi,
Plaut. Trin. 4, 2, 30:censor ad quojus censionem, id est arbitrium, populus censeretur,
Varr. L. L. 5, § 81 Mull.:census... indicat eum qui sit census se jam tum gessisse pro cive,
Cic. Arch. 5, 11: absentis censere jubere, P. Scipio ap. Gell. 5, 19, 16: ne absens censeare. Cic. Att. 1, 18, 8:sub lustrum censeri,
id. ib.:milia octoginta eo lustro civium censa dicuntur,
Liv. 1, 44, 2:censa civium capita centum septendecim milia trecenta undeviginti,
id. 3, 24, 10; id. Epit. lib. 11; 13; 14:censebantur ejus aetatis lustris ducena quinquagena milia capitum,
id. 9, 19, 2:cum capitum liberorum censa essent CLII. milia,
Plin. 33, 1, 5, § 16: quid se vivere, quid in parte civium censeri, si... id obtinere universi non possint? Liv 7, 18, 5.—With the amount at which the property was rated, in the acc.: or abl.:(γ).praesertim census equestrem Summam nummorum,
being assessed with the estate necessary to a Roman knight, Hor. A. P. 383:primae classis homines quicentum et viginti quinque milia aeris ampliusve censi erant... Ceterarumque omnium classium qui minore summa aeris censebantur,
Gell. 7 (6), 13, 1 sq.—Hence, capite censi, those who were assessed ac cording to their ability to labor: qui nullo [p. 312] aut perquam parvo aere censebantur capite censi vocabantur. Extremus autem census capite censorum aeris fuit trecentis septuaginta quinque, Jul. Paul. ap. Gell. 16, 10, 10; Sall. J. 86, 2; Gell. 16, 10, 11; 16, 10, 14; Val. Max. 2, 3, 1; 7, 6, 1;and in the finite verb: omnia illius (i. e. sapientis) esse dicimus, cum... capite censebitur,
Sen. Ben. 7, 8, 1. —Absol. in gerund.: censendi, censendo, ad censendum = census agendi, censui agendo, etc.: haec frequentia quae convenit ludorum censendique causa (i.e. census agendi causa, for the sake of the census), Cic. Verr. 1, 18, 54:(δ).mentio inlata apud senatum est, rem operosam... suo proprio magistratu egere... cui arbitrium formulae censendi subiceretur,
the scheme for taking the census, Liv. 4, 8, 4:quia is censendo finis factus est,
id. 1, 44, 2:civis Romanos ad censendum ex provinciis in Italiam revocarunt,
Vell. 2, 15:aetatem in censendo significare necesse est... aetas autem spectatur censendi tempore,
Dig. 50, 15, 3.—Censum censere = censum agere, only in the gerundial dat.:2.illud quaero, sintne illa praedia censui censendo, habeant jus civile,
are they subject to the census, Cic. Fl. 32, 80: censores... edixerunt, legem censui censendo dicturos esse ut, etc., that he would add a rule for the taking of the census, according to which, etc., Liv. 43, 14, 5: censui censendo agri proprie appellantur qui et emi et venire jure civili possunt, Paul. ex Fest. p. 58, 5 Mull.—Of the assessment of the provinces under provincial officers (censores, and, under the later emperors, censitores).(α).Pass., with the territory as subject-nom.: quinto quoque anno Sicilia tota censetur;(β).erat censa praetore Paeducaeo... quintus annus cum in te praetorem incidisset, censa denuo est,
Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 56, § 139:omne territorium censeatur quoties, etc.,
Cod. Just. 11, 58 (57), 4.—The persons assessed as subject:(γ).ubi (coloni) censiti atque educati natique sunt,
Cod. Just. 11, 48 (47), 6:quos in locis eisdem censitos esse constabit,
ib. 11, 48 (47), 4.—With part. as attribute:rusticos censitosque servos vendi,
Cod. Just. 11, 48 (47), 7.—To determine by the census:(δ).cum antea per singulos viros, per binas vero mulieres capitis norma sit censa,
Cod. Just. 11, 48 (47), 10:nisi forte privilegio aliquo materna origo censeatur,
Dig. 50, 1, 1, § 2.—Act. with acc.:3. (α).vos terras vestras levari censitione vultis, ego vero etiam aerem vestrum censere vellem,
Spart. Pescen. Nig. 7.—Act. with acc.:(β).in qua tribu ista praedia censuisti?
Cic. Fl. 32, 80.—Censeri, as dep. with acc.:4.census es praeterea numeratae pecuniae CXXX. Census es mancipia Amyntae... Cum te audisset servos suos esse censum, constabat inter omnes, si aliena censendo Decianus sua facere posset, etc.,
Cic. Fl. 32, 80; cf. Ov. P. 1, 2, 140; v. B. 2. c.—Hence, subst.: cēnsum, i, n.: quorum luxuries fortunata censa peperit, i.e. high estimates of property in the census, Cic. ap. Non. 202, 23 (Fragm. vol. xi. p. 134 B. and K.).B. 1.By a figure directly referring to the Roman census: aequo mendicus atque ille opulentissimus Censetur censu ad Acheruntem mortuus, will be rated by an equal census, i.e. in the same class, without considering their property, Plaut. Trin. 2, 4, 93: vos qui potestis ope vostra censerier, referring to a part of the audience, you, who may be rated according to your intelligence, analog. to capite censi (v. I. A. 1. b), id. Capt. prol. 15:2.nam argumentum hoc hic censebitur,
will be rated, its census-class will be determined here, id. Poen. prol. 56: id in quoque optimum esse debet cui nascitur, quo censetur, according to which he is rated, i.e. his worth is determined, Sen. Ep. 76, 8.—And with two acc.: quintus Phosphorus, Junonia, immo Veneris stella censetur, is ranked as the fifth, App. de Mundo, p. 710.—With direct reference to the census.a. (α).With gen. of price:(β).dic ergo quanti censes?
Plaut. Rud. 4, 8, 8.—In the pass.: si censenda nobis atque aestimanda res sit, utrum tandem pluris aestimemus pecuniam Pyrrhi? etc., if we have to weigh and estimate a thing, etc., Cic. Par. 6, 2, 48:b.anule... In quo censendum nil nisi dantis amor,
Ov. Am. 2, 15, 2:interim autem facta sola censenda dicit atque in judicium vocanda,
Gell. 7 (6), 3, 47.—= honorari, celebrari, with de aliquo, = for the sake of somebody (in Ovid):c.pro quibus ut maneat, de quo censeris, amicus, Comprecor, etc.,
the friend for the sake of whom you are celebrated, who is the cause of your renown, Ov. P. 2, 5, 73:hoc domui debes de qua censeris,
id. ib. 3, 1, 75.—Censeri, dep., = to distinguish, with acc. only once or twice in Ovid (v. I. A. 3. b):d.hanc semper... Est inter comites Marcia censa suas,
has always distinguished her, Ov. P. 1, 2, 140.—Censeri aliqua re.(α).= to be appreciated, distinguished, celebrated for some quality, as if the quality were a standard determining the census, analog. to capite censeri (v. I. A. 1. b), very freq. in post-class. writings:(β).Democritus cum divitiis censeri posset,
when he might have been celebrated for his wealth, Val. Max. 8, 7, ext. 4:Aristides quo totius Graeciae justitia censetur (quo = cujus justitia),
id. 5, 3, ext. 3 med.: te custode matronalis stola censetur ( = tua, i.e. pudicitiae, custodia), the stola, etc., is appreciated for thy custody, id. 6, 1 prooem.:una adhuc victoria Carius Metius censebatur,
Tac. Agr. 45:ut ipsi quoque qui egerunt non aliis magis orationibus censeantur,
id. Dial. 39 fin.: non vitibus tantum censeri Chium, sed et operibus Anthermi filiorum, is celebrated not only for its grapes, but, etc., Plin. 36, 5, 2, § 12:et Galliae censentur hoc reditu,
id. 19, 1, 2, § 7:quisquis paulo vetustior miles, hic te commilitone censetur,
is distinguished for the fact that you were his fellow-soldier, Plin. Pan. 15 fin.:multiplici variaque doctrina censebatur,
Suet. Gram. 10:felix quae tali censetur munere tellus,
Mart. 9, 16, 5: censetur Apona Livio suo tellus, = for the fact that Livy was born there, id. 1, 61, 3:hi duo longaevo censentur Nestore fundi,
for the fact that Nestor used them, id. 8, 6, 9:nec laude virorum censeri contenta fuit (Iberia),
Claud. Laud. Seren. 67:libri mei non alia laude carius censentur, quam quod judicio vestro comprobantur,
App. Flor. 4, 18, 3.—Hence,= to be known by something (Appuleian):(γ).hoc nomine censebatur jam meus dominus,
App. M. 8, p. 171:nomen quo tu censeris aiebat,
id. ib. 5, p. 106: pro studio bibendi quo solo censetur, either known by, or distinguished for, id. Mag. p. 499:globorum caelestium supremum esse eum qui inerrabili meatu censetur,
which is known by its unerring course, id. Phil. Nat. 1, p. 582.— And,As gram. t. t., to be marked by some peculiarity, according to which a word is classified: neque de armis et moeniis infitias eo quin figura multitudinis perpetua censeantur, that they are marked by the form of constant plurality, i. e. that they are pluralia tantum, Gell. 19, 8, 5; 10, 20, 8; 19, 13, 3.II.Of transactions in and by the Senate, to judge (in the meanings II. and III. the passive voice is not in class. use, while in I. the passive voice is by far the most freq.).A.To be of opinion, to propose, to vote, to move, referring to the votes of the senators when asked for their opinions (sententiam dicere).1.With a (passive) inf.-clause, denoting what should be decreed by the Senate (esse usu. omitted): rex his ferme verbis patres consulebat... Dic, inquit ei, quid censes? tum ille Puro pioque duello quaerendas (res) censeo, I am of the opinion ( I move, propose) that satisfaction should be sought, etc., ancient formula ap. Liv. 1, 32, 11 sq.:2.primum igitur acta Caesaris servanda censeo,
Cic. Phil. 1, 7, 16:hoc autem tempore ita censeo decernendum,
id. ib. 5, 17, 45; 5, 6, 16; 5, 12, 31; 5, 12, 34; 5, 13, 36; 5, 14, 38; 5, 19, 53; 6, 1, 2; 9, 6, 14; 11, 15, 40; 12, 7, 17; 14, 1, 1; 14, 13, 35; cf.Regulus's advice in the Senate, being represented as a vote: captivos in senatu reddendos non censuit,
Cic. Off. 1, 13, 39; 3, 31, 111:quare ita ego censeo... de confessis more majorum supplicium sumendum,
Sall. C. 52, 36; 51, 8; 52, 14:Appius imperio consulari rem agendam censebat,
Liv. 2, 23, 15:ut multi (senatores) delendam urbem censerent,
id. 9, 26, 3; 2, 29, 7; 3, 40, 13; 10, 12, 1; 34, 4, 20; 38, 54, 6: cum ejus diei senatus consulta aureis litteris figenda in curia censuisset, Tac. A. 3, 57:ut nonnulli dedendum eum hostibus censuerint,
Suet. Caes. 24; so id. ib. 14; id. Aug. 100; id. Tib. 4; id. Calig. 60; id. Claud. 26; id. Ner. 2; id. Vesp. 2. Of the emperor's vote in the Senate:commutandam censuit vocem, et pro peregrina nostratem requirendam,
Suet. Tib. 71; so id. ib. 34; id. Aug. 55.—And with the copula expressed (very rare):qui censet eos... morte esse multandos,
Cic. Cat. 4, 4, 7.—Sometimes referring to sententia as subject:sententia quae censebat reddenda bona (inst. of eorum qui censebant),
Liv. 2, 4, 3.—Sometimes with oportere for the gerundial predic. inf.:quibusdam censentibus (eum) Romulum appellari oportere,
Suet. Aug. 7.—With pres. inf., inst. of a gerundial:hac corona civica L. Gellius in senatu Ciceronem consulem donari a re publica censuit,
Gell. 5, 6, 15 (cf. II. B. 1. b.).—If the opinion of the senator does not refer to the chief question, but to incidental points, the predic. inf. may have any form:eas leges quas M. Antonius tulisse dicitur omnes censeo per vim et contra auspicia latas, eisque legibus populum non teneri,
Cic. Phil. 5, 4, 10:cum magna pars senatus... cum tyrannis bellum gerendum fuisse censerent... et urbem recipi, non capi, etc.,
Liv. 26, 32, 2.—With ut, and negatively, ut ne or ne, generally when the clause has an active predicate, but also with passives instead of the gerundial inf.-clause:3.de ea re ita censeo uti consules designati dent operam uti senatus Kal. Jan. tuto haberi possit,
Cic. Phil. 3, 15, 37:censeo ut iis qui in exercitu Antonii sunt, ne sit ea res fraudi, si, etc.,
id. ib. 5, 12, 34:censebant omnes fere (senatores) ut in Italia supplementum meis et Bibuli legionibus scriberetur,
id. Fam. 3, 3, 1:Cn. Pompeius (in senatu) dixit, sese... censere ut ad senatus auctoritatem populi quoque Romani beneficium erga me adjungeretur,
id. Sest. 34, 74:quas ob res ita censeo: eorum qui cum M. Antonio sunt, etc.... iis fraudi ne sit quod cum M. Antonio fuerint,
id. Phil. 8, 11, 33:Calidius, qui censebat ut Pompeius in suas provincias proficisceretur,
Caes. B. C. 1, 2:censuerunt quidam (senatores) ut Pannonicus, alii ut Invictus cognominaretur,
Suet. Tib. 17:iterum censente ut Trebianis... concederetur (of the emperor's vote in the Senate),
id. ib. 31.—And an inf.-clause, with neu or ut:sed ita censeo: publicandas eorum pecunias, etc.: neu quis postea de his ad senatum referat, etc.,
Sall. C. 51, 43:qui partem bonorum publicandam, pars ut liberis relinqueretur, censuerat,
Tac. A. 4, 20.—With a subj.-clause, without ut (rare in this connection;4.v. III. C. 3.): K. Fabius censuit... occuparent patres ipsi suum munus facere, captivum agrum plebi quam maxime aequaliter darent,
Liv. 2, 48, 2.— And ironically with regard to incidental points: vereamini censeo ne... nimis aliquid severe statuisse videamini, I propose you should be afraid of having decreed too severe a punishment = of course, you will not be afraid, etc., Cic. Cat. 4, 6, 13: misereamini censeo—deliquere homines adulescentuli per ambitionem—atque etiam armatos dimittatis, I propose that you pity them, etc., or I advise you to be merciful, Sall. C. 52, 26.—Ellipt., with a gerundial clause understood:5. (α).dic quid censes (i. e. decernendum),
Liv. 1, 32, 11: quod ego mea sententia censebam (i.e. decernendum), Cato ap. Cic. Fam. 15, 5, 2:senati decretum fit, sicut ille censuerat,
Sall. C. 53, 1:quas ob res ita censeo... senatui placere, etc. ( = ita decernendum censeo, etc.),
Cic. Phil. 9, 7, 15, § 17 sq.; 10, 11, 25 sq.; 11, 12, 29 sq.; 14, 14, 36 sq.—Absol.: Priscus Helvidius.. contra studium ejus (sc. Vitellii) censuerat, had voted, or had expressed an opinion against his wishes, Tac. H. 2, 91:(β).cum parum sit, in senatu breviter censere, nisi, etc.,
id. Dial. 36 fin.:sententias... prout libuisset perrogabat... ac si censendum magis quam adsentiendum esset,
Suet. Aug. 35:igitur Cn. Piso, quo, inquit, loco censebis, Caesar? si primus, etc.,
Tac. A. 1, 74.—With adjectives in the neuter, substantively used: nec quoquam reperto (in senatu) qui... referre aut censere aliquid auderet, who dared to express an opinion on any [p. 313] thing, Suet. Caes. 20:(γ).per dissensionem diversa censentium,
of the senators who expressed different opinions, id. Claud. 10.—With interrog. or rel.-clause:B.deinde ageret senatorem et censeret quid corrigi aut mutari vellet,
Tac. A. 16, 28:cum censeat aliquis (in senatu) quod ex parte mihi placeat,
Sen. Ep. 21, 9.Of the decrees or resolutions of the Senate, = decernere, placere, to resolve, decree.1.With inf.-clause.a.With gerund, without copula (v. II. A. 1.):b.eum, cujus supplicio senatus sollennes religiones expiandas saepe censuit,
Cic. Mil. 27, 73:eos senatus non censuit redimendos,
id. Off. 3, 32, 114; so id. N. D. 2, 4, 10; id. Verr. 2, 3, 6, § 15:senatus Caelium ab republica removendum censuit,
Caes. B. C. 3, 21:senatus censuit frequens coloniam Labicos deducendam,
Liv. 4, 47, 6; 5, 24, 4:cum bello persequendos Tusculanos patres censuissent,
id. 6, 25, 5; 3, 42, 6; 3, 49, 8; 7, 19, 7 et saep.—With pres. inf. pass. or act., with the force of a gerundial:2.de bonis regiis quae reddi antea censuerant ( = reddenda),
Liv. 2, 5, 1:munera mitti legatis ex binis milibus aeris censuerunt (i.e. patres),
id. 43, 5, 8; so id. 45, 44, 15 (v. 2. b.):eundem jus dicere Romae... patres censuerant,
id. 45, 12, 13:cum senatus unum consulem, nominatimque Gnaeum Pompeium fieri censuisset,
Suet. Caes. 26.—With both act. and pass. inf.:censuere patres, duas provincias Hispaniam rursus fieri... et Macedoniam Illyricumque eosdem... obtinere,
Liv. 45, 16, 1.—With both pres. pass. and gerund. inff.:haec ita movere senatum, ut non expectanda comitia consuli censerent, sed dictatorem... dici,
Liv. 27, 5, 14.—And with velle: senatus verbis nuntient, velle et censere eos ab armis discedere, etc.,
Sall. J. 21, 4.—With ut or ne.a.In the words of the Senate, according to formula: quod L. Opimius verba fecit de re publica, de ea re ita censuerunt uti L. Opimius consul rem publicam defenderet, etc., ancient S. C. ap. Cic. Phil. 8, 4, 14: quod, etc., de ea re ita censuerunt ut M. Pomponius praetor animadverteret curaretque ut si, etc., S. C. ap. Suet. Rhet. 1; Gell. 15, 4, 1.—And with gerundial inf.-clause: quod C. Julius pontifex... de ea re ita censuerunt, uti M. Antonius consul hostiis majoribus... procuraret... Ibus uti procurasset satis habendum censuerunt, S. C. ap. Gell. 4, 6, 2.—b.As related by the historians, etc.:3.quoniam senatus censuisset, uti quicunque Galliam provinciam obtineret... Aeduos defenderet,
Caes. B. G. 1, 35:patres censuerunt uti consules provincias inter se compararent,
Liv. 30, 40, 12:senatus censuit ut domus ei... publica impensa restitueretur,
Suet. Claud. 6;so with reference to the civil law,
Dig. 49, 14, 15 quater. —With ne:senatum censuisse, ne quis illo anno genitus educaretur,
Suet. Aug. 94.—And with inf -clause:filio regis Nicomedi ex ea summa munera dari censuerunt, et ut victimae... praeberentur,
Liv. 45, 44, 15.—With a subj.-clause (very rare):4.senatus consulto quo censeretur, darent operam consules, etc.,
Aur. Vict. Vir. Ill. 73, 10.—With neutr. acc. pron. in place of a clause:5.cum vero id senatus frequens censuisset (sc. faciendum),
Cic. Pis. 8, 18:ite in suffragium, et quae patres censuerunt vos jubete,
Liv. 31, 7, 14:quodcunque vos censueritis,
id. 34, 7, 15:quodpatres censuissent,
id. 28, 45, 2.—With accusative of a noun, or a noun as passive subject, to decree or vote a thing (postclass.):6.nec tamen repertum nisi ut effigies principum, aras deum, templa et arcus aliaque solita... censuere,
Tac. A. 3, 57:aram Clementiae, aram Amicitiae, effigiesque... censuere,
id. ib. 4, 74: cum censeretur clipeus auro et magnitudine insignis inter auctores eloquentiae ( to be placed among, etc.), id. ib. 2, 83.—With both acc. and dat.(α).The dat. = against:(β).bellum Samnitibus et patres censuerunt et populus jussit,
Liv. 10, 12, 3.—The dat. = in behalf of:III.censentur Ostorio triumphi insignia,
Tac. A. 12, 38.—And with ut:sententiis eorum qui supplicationes et... vestem Principi triumphalem, utque ovans urbem iniret, effigiesque ejus... censuere,
id. ib. 13, 8.Transf.A.Of the opinions and resolutions of other deliberating bodies, or of their members, to resolve, or to be of opinion.1.With inf.-clause.a.Gerundial:b.erant qui censerent de tertia vigilia in castra Cornelia recedendum (council of war),
Caes. B. C. 2, 30:erant sententiae quae conandum omnibus modis castraque Vari oppugnanda censerent,
id. ib.; so id. ib. 2, 31; id. B. G. 2, 31 fin.; 7, 21; 7, 77:pontifices, consules, patres conscripti mihi... pecunia publica aedificandam domum censuerunt,
Cic. Pis. 22, 52: nunc surgendum censeo, I move we adjourn (in a literary meeting), id. de Or. 2, 90, 367:cum... pontifices solvendum religione populum censerent,
Liv. 5, 23, 9:nunc has ruinas relinquendas non censerem (in an assembly of the people),
id. 5, 53, 3:ego ita censeo, legatos extemplo Romam mittendos (in the Carthaginian Senate),
id. 21, 10, 13:ante omnia Philippum et Macedonas in societatem belli... censeo deducendos esse (Hannibal in a council of war),
id. 36, 7, 3; 5, 36, 8; Curt. 10, 6, 22; 10, 8, 12:cum septem judices cognovissent, duo censuerunt, reum exilio multandum, duo alii pecunia, tres reliqui capite puniendum,
Gell. 9, 15, 7.—And with oportere inst. of a gerundial clause (referring to duty):neque sine gravi causa eum locum quem ceperant, dimitti censuerant oportere,
Caes. B. C. 1, 44.—With opus esse ( = expediency):Parmenio furto, non proelio opus esse censebat,
Curt. 10, 8, 12.—With ordinary pres. inf.(α).In place of a gerundial:(β).Antenor censet belli praecidere = praecidendam causam (in a council of war),
Hor. Ep. 1, 2, 9.—Denoting opinion about an existing state:2.Hasdrubal ultimam Hispaniae oram... ignaram adhuc Romanorum esse, eoque Carthaginiensibus satis fidam censebat,
Liv. 27, 20, 6:Parmenio non alium locum proelio aptiorem esse censebat,
Curt. 3, 7, 8.—With ut or ne:3.censeo ut satis diu te putes requiesse et iter reliquum conficere pergas (in a literary meeting),
Cic. de Or. 2, 71, 290:plerique censebant ut noctu iter facerent (council of war),
Caes. B. C. 1, 67:et nunc magnopere censere, ut unam anum... triginta milibus talentum auri permutet (council of war),
Curt. 4, 11, 12:censeout D. Claudius ex hac die deus fiat (council of the gods),
Sen. Lud. Mort. Claud. 9, 5: antiquos audio censuisse, ne (praenomina) cui ejusdem gentis patricio inderentur, resolved (family council), Gell. 9, 2, 11 (cf. Liv. 6, 20, 14).—With subj.-clause:4.nunc quoque arcessas censeo omnes navalis terrestrisque copias (Hannibal in council of war),
Liv. 36, 7, 17: censeo relinquamus nebulonem hunc, eamus hinc protinus Jovi Optimo Maximo gratulatum (assembly of the people), Scipio Afric. ap. Gell. 4, 18, 3.—With acc. neutr. of a pron. or adj. substantively used:5.ego pro sententia mea hoc censeo: quandoquidem, etc.,
Sen. Lud. Mort. Claud. 11, 4:nec dubitavere quin vera censeret,
that his opinion was correct, Curt. 10, 6, 18.—Ellipt.:B.sententiis quarum pars deditionem, pars eruptionem censebat (i.e. faciendam),
Caes. B. G. 7, 77 init.:ita uti censuerant Italici deditionem facit,
Sall. J. 26, 2; so Caes. B. G. 7, 75.Of the orders of persons in authority (cf. II. B.).1.Of commanders, etc., by courtesy, inst. of velle, imperare, or a direct imperative sentence.(α).With gerundial inf. - clause: non tam imperavi quam censui sumptus legatis quam maxime ad legem Corneliam decernendos, I said, not strictly as an order, but as an opinion that, etc. (Cicero as proconsul), Cic. Fam. 3, 10, 6.—(β).With subj.-clause: arma quae ad me missuri eratis, iis censeo armetis milites quos vobiscum habetis, you had better, etc., Pomp. ap. Cic. Att. 8, 12, A, 4. —2.Of an order by the people (rare;3.gen. populus jubet): ita id (foedus) ratum fore si populus censuisset (i. e. confirmandum esse),
Liv. 21, 19, 3.—Of the later emperors, in their ordinances (censemus = placet nobis, sancimus, imperamus, from the custom of the earlier emperors, who conveyed their commands in the form of an opinion in the senate; v. II. A. 1.).—With inf.clause, ut, ne, and subj.-clause:C.sex mensium spatium censemus debere servari,
Cod. Just. 11, 48 (47), 7:censemus ut, etc.,
ib. 12, 37 (38), 13:censemus ne, etc.,
ib. 12, 44 (45), 1: censemus vindicet, remaneat, ib. 11, 48 (47), 23:in commune jubes si quid censesve tenendum, Primus jussa subi,
Claud. IV. Cons. Hon. 296.Of advice, given by one person to another (further development of III. A.).1.Ante-class. formula: faciundum censeo = I advise, with ut-clause, with quid, sic, etc.: censeo faciundum ut quadringentos aliquos milites ad verrucam illam ire jubeas, etc., I advise you to order, etc., Cato ap. Gell. 3, 7, 6:2.ego Tiresiam... consulam, Quid faciundum censeat,
consult Tiresias as to what he advises, for his advice, Plaut. Am. 5, 1, 80:consulam hanc rem amicos quid faciundum censeant,
id. Men. 4, 3, 26; id. Most. 3, 1, 23:sic faciundum censeo: Da isti cistellam, etc.,
id. Cist. 4, 2, 104:ego sic faciundum censeo: me honestiu'st Quam te, etc.,
id. As. 4, 2, 11; id. Ep. 2, 2, 91:sane faciundum censeo,
id. Stich. 4, 2, 38.—With ordinary gerundial inf.-clauses:3.narrandum ego istuc militi censebo,
I advise you to let the soldier know that, Plaut. Mil. 2, 4, 42:exorando sumendam operam censeo,
id. Stich. 1, 2, 22:quid nunc consili captandum censes?
id. As. 2, 2, 91; id. Mil. 5, 25; id. Most. 1, 3, 115:idem tibi censeo faciendum,
Cic. Off. 10, 1, 3:quos quidem tibi studiose et diligenter tractandos magno opere censeo,
id. Fin. 4, 28, 79; id. Fam. 12, 28, 2.—Sometimes by aequum censere with an inf.-clause (in the comic poets):amicos consulam quo me modo Suspendere aequom censeant potissumum,
Plaut. Poen. 3, 5, 50: qui homo cum animo... depugnat suo, Utrum ita se esse mavelit ut eum animus aequom censeat, An ita potius ut parentes... velint i. e. as his mind prompts him, id. Trin. 2, 2, 29; cf. E. 1. b. 8.—With a subj.clause (so esp. with censeo in 1 st pers.): censen' hominem interrogem? do you advise me to ask the man? etc., Plaut. Poen. 3, 4, 20:4.tu, si videbitur, ita censeo facias ut... supersedeas hoc labore itineris (cf.: faciundum censeo ut, 1. supra),
Cic. Fam. 4, 2, 4:immo plane, inquam, Brute, legas (Gracchum) censeo,
id. Brut. 33, 125:tu, si forte quid erit molestiae te ad Crassum et Calidium conferas censeo,
id. Q. Fr. 1, 3, 7:tu, censeo, tamen adhibeas Vettium,
id. Att. 2, 4, 7:quae disputari de amicitia possunt, ab iis censeo petatis qui ista profitentur,
id. Lael. 5, 17: tu, censeo, Luceriam venias: nusquam eris tutius, Pomp. ap. Cic. Att. 8, 1, 1; 8, 11, A:censeo Via Appia iter facias, et celeriter Brundusium venias,
id. ib. 8, 11, C: ad Caesarem mittas censeo, et ab eo hoc petas, Anton. ib. 10, 10, 2: sed hos tamen numeros censeo videas hodou parergon, Gell. 17, 20, 5:quam scit uterque, libens censebo exerceat artem,
Hor. Ep. 1, 14, 44 (cf. Liv. 36, 7, 17, and Gell. 4, 18, 3, quoted III. A. 3.).—Of an advice given to an adversary, with irony:cetera si qua putes te occultius facere posse... magnopere censeo desistas,
I strongly advise you to give up that idea, Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 68, § 174:sed tu, Acci, consideres censeo diligenter, utrum censorum judicium grave esse velis an Egnatii,
id. Clu. 48, 135:postulant ut excipiantur haec inexplicabilia. Tribunum censeant: aliquem adeant: a me... numquam impetrabunt,
id. Ac. 2, 30, 97:ibi quaeratis socios censeo, ubi Saguntina clades ignota est,
Liv. 21, 19, 10:solvas censeo, Sexte, creditori,
Mart. 2, 13, 2.—And in jest:Treviros vites censeo, audio capitalis esse,
Cic. Fam. 7, 13, 2:hi Plebei fuerunt, quos contemnas censeo... qua re ad patres censeo revertare,
id. ib. 9, 21, 3:vites censeo porticum Philippi: si te viderit Hercules, peristi,
Mart. 5, 49, 13; so id. ib. 11, 99, 8; 12, 61, 7.—For ironical senatorial advice, by which the contrary is meant, v. Cic. Cat. 4, 6, 13; Sall. C. 52, 26, quoted II. A. 3.—With an ut-clause (with monere;5.very rare): illud tamen vel tu me monuisse vel censuisse puta... ut tu quoque animum inducas, etc.,
Cic. Fam. 4, 8, 2.—With a clause understood: quo me vortam nescio: Pa. Si deos salutas, dextrovorsum censeo (i.e. id facias or faciundum censeo), Plaut. Curc. 1, 1, 70: quo redeam? Pe. Equidem ad phrygionem censeo (i. e. redeas), id. Men. 4, 2, 53:D.quid nunc censes, Chrysale? (i. e. faciundum),
id. Bacch. 4, 8, 112:ita faciam ut frater censuit,
Ter. Phorm. 5, 2, 11:tibi igitur hoc censeo (i. e. faciendum): latendum tantisper ibidem, etc.,
Cic. Fam. 9, 2, 4: tu [p. 314] potes Kalendis spectare gladiatores, et ita censeo, id. ib. 16, 20:quid censes igitur? Ecquidnam est tui consilii ad? etc.,
id. Att. 9, 12, 4: quid igitur censet (sapientia)? What is wisdom ' s advice? id. Phil. 13, 3, 6:scribi quid placeat, quid censeas,
id. Att. 9, 19,4:ibitur igitur, et ita quidem ut censes,
id. ib. 10, 15, 3:disce, docendus adhuc, quae censet amiculus,
Hor. Ep. 1, 17, 3.Of opinions and views on general questions, to be of opinion, think, believe, hold (cf.: statuo, existimo, puto, aio, dico; freq. in class. prose; very rare in post-class. writers except Gellius; never with ut, ne, or subj.-clause).1.With inf.-clause:2.Plato mundum esse factum censet a deo sempiternum,
Cic. Ac. 2, 37, 118:Cyrenaici non omni malo aegritudinem effici censent, sed insperato,
id. Tusc. 3, 13, 28:(Hieronymus) censet summum bonum esse sine ulla molestia vivere,
id. Fin. 2, 5, 16:Aristoteles eos qui valetudinis causa furerent, censebat habere aliquid in animis praesagiens,
id. Div. 1, 38, 81:Pythagoras censuit animum esse per naturam rerum omnem intentum et commeantem,
id. ib. 1, 11, 27; so id. Ac. 1, 11, 40; 2, 42, 131; id. Fin. 1, 6, 20; 3, 15, 49; 3, 19, 64; 3, 21, 70; 4, 7, 17; 5, 7, 17; id. N. D. 1, 2, 3; 1, 2, 4; 1, 12, 29; 1, 13, 35 and 37; 1, 43, 120; 1, 44, 121; 2, 22, 57; 2, 16, 44; id. Sen. 12, 41; id. Leg. 1, 13, 36; id. Tusc. 1, 9, 18; 1, 10, 22; 1, 30, 72; 1, 45, 108; 3, 5, 11; 3, 22, 52; 4, 7, 14; id. Off. 1, 25, 88:Plato in civitate communis esse mulieres censuit,
Gell. 18, 2, 8; 14, 5, 2; 18, 1, 4; 19, 12, 6.—If the opinion refers to what should be observed, oportere or debere is used, or a gerundial predicate with esse (so in Cic., but in Gell. 7, 15, 3, without esse):oportere delubra esse in urbibus censeo,
Cic. Leg. 2, 10, 26:M. Varro aeditumum dici oportere censet,
Gell. 12, 10, 4; 14, 5, 2;so with debere,
id. 17, 5, 5; 13, 8, 4:Cyrenaici... virtutem censuerunt ob eam rem esse laudandam,
Cic. Off. 3, 33, 116:(Ennius) non censet lugendam esse mortem quam immortalitas consequatur,
id. Sen. 20, 73.—An inf.-clause understood:3.(dissensio est), a quibus temporibus scribendi capiatur initium. Ego enim ab ultimis censeo (i. e. exordiendum esse),
Cic. Leg. 1, 3, 8:si, Mimnermus uti censet, sine amore jocisque Nil est jucundum,
Hor. Ep. 1, 6, 65:sic enim censuit,
Cic. Off. 3, 33, 117.—With neutr. acc. of a pron.: hoc amplius censeo, in addition to the opinions mentioned I hold, etc., Sen. Vit. Beat. 3, 2:4.nullo (medico) idem censente,
Plin. 29, 1, 5, § 11.—With a rel.-clause:5.Aesopus quae utilia... erant, non severe neque imperiose praecepit et censuit,
he imparted his teachings and views, Gell. 2, 29, 1.—Absol.:E.non adligo me ad unum aliquem ex Stoicis proceribus. Est et mihi censendi jus,
the right to impart my opinions, Sen. Vit. Beat. 3, 2.In gen., = arbitror, puto, existimo, judico (cf.: idem enim valet censere et arbitrari, Varr. ap. Non. p. 519, 29: censere nunc significat putare, nunc suadere, nunc decernere, Paul. ex Fest. p. 54, 11 Mull.).1.To judge, think, believe, suppose (freq. in ante-class. writings; very rare in Cic. except in the particular meanings, a.—ironically—and d.; always with inf.-clause expressed or understood).a.In gen.:b.atque ego censui abs te posse hoc me impetrare,
Plaut. Cas. 2, 6, 12 sq.:satis jam delusam censeo: rem, ut est, nunc eloquamur,
id. As. 3, 3, 141:nam si honeste censeam te facere posse, suadeam,
id. Mil. 4, 8, 60:neque ego hac noctem longiorem me vidisse censeo,
id. Am. 1, 1, 126:saluti quod tibi esse censeo,
id. Merc. 1, 35; so id. Am. 4, 3, 2; id. Most. 1, 3, 127; id. Pers. 1, 1, 9; 2, 2, 8; 2, 3, 75 sq.; id. Truc. 2, 2, 60; id. As. 2, 2, 33; id. Aul. 2, 4, 30; 2, 4, 36; id. Cas. 2, 8, 38; Ter. Heaut. 3, 1, 53; id. Phorm. 2, 2, 13: aut domino, cujum id censebis esse, reddes, Cincius, Re Mil. l. iii., de ap. Gell. 16, 4, 2:eo namque omnem belli molem inclinaturam censebant (consules),
Liv. 7, 32, 3:nec facturum aequa Samnitium populum censebant, si... oppugnarent,
id. 7, 31, 7:quaeso ut ea quae dicam non a militibus imperatori dicta censeas,
id. 7, 13, 8:at illa purgare se, quod quae utilia esse censebat... suasisset,
Curt. 8, 3, 7: Alexander, tam memorabili victoria laetus, qua sibi Orientis fines apertos esse censebat, id. 9, 1, 1; so id. 10, 8, 22.—With reference to an erroneous opinion, to imagine, suppose, falsely believe:c.censebam me effugisse a vita marituma Ne navigarem, etc.,
Plaut. Bacch. 2, 3, 108:omnes eum (sc. Jovem) esse (Amphitruonem) censent servi,
id. Am. prol. 122, 134:jam hic ero, quom illic censebis esse me,
id. ib. 3, 3, 14:ardere censui aedes,
id. ib. 5, 1, 15:ego hunc censebam esse te,
id. Men. 5, 9, 13; so id. As. 5, 2, 20; id. Aul. 3, 5, 55; id. Bacch. 1, 2, 14; id. Men. 3, 3, 32; 5, 9, 76; id. Merc. 1, 2, 87; id. Poen. 1, 1, 54; 3, 1, 60; 3, 4, 25; id. Rud. 2, 4, 31; 4, 7, 35; id. Stich. 4, 2, 24; id. Truc. 1, 1, 72 et saep.: censuit se regem Porsenam occidere, Cass. Hem. ap. Non. p. 4, 88:non ipsa saxa magis sensu omni vacabant quam ille... cui se hic cruciatum censet optare,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 44, 107.—And ironically:nisi forte Diagoram aut Theodorum... censes superstitiosos fuisse,
Cic. N. D. 1, 42, 117:nisi forte etiam illi Semproniano senatus consulto me censes adfuisse, qui ne Romae quidem fui,
id. Fam. 12, 29, 2:neminem me fortiorem esse censebam,
Curt. 8, 14, 42.—Referring to what should take place.(α).With gerundial inf.-clause:(β).navis praedatoria, Abs qua cavendum nobis sane censeo,
Plaut. Men. 2, 2, 70:soli gerundum censeo morem,
id. Most. 1, 3, 69:neque vendundam censeo Quae libera est,
Ter. Ad. 2, 1, 39; so id. Eun. 4, 4, 53; 5, 8, 42; id. Hec. 4, 4, 94; id. Phorm. 2, 4, 17:ceterum ei qui consilium adferret opem quoque in eam rem adferendam censebant esse,
Liv. 25, 11, 14.—With oportere, debere, or an ordinary inf.-clause:(γ).solam illi me soli censeo esse oportere obedientem,
Plaut. Most. 1, 3, 47:quibus declaraveram, quo te animo censerem esse oportere, et quid tibi faciendum arbitrarer,
Cic. Fam. 4, 9, 1:rursus interrogatus quid ipse victorem statuere debere censeret,
Curt. 8, 14, 43: impudens postulatio visa est, censere... ipsos id (bellum) advertere in se, agrosque suos pro alienis populandos obicere, to entertain the idea that they should direct that war against themselves and their own lands, etc., Liv. 21, 20, 4:munere eum fungi prioris censet amici = eum fungi oportere,
Hor. Ep. 1, 9, 5:quae nos quoque sustinere censebat,
App. M. 11, p. 253.—By aequum censere with ordinary inf.clause, expressed or understood, either = it is fair ( right) to do something, or something ought or should be done (so very freq. in the comic poets and Livy; rare in other writers): non ego istunc me potius quam te metuere aequom censeo, I do not think it right to fear him, etc., Plaut. Capt. 2, 2, 51: quid me aequom censes pro illa tibi dare? What do you think I should give as a fair price? etc., id. As. 1, 3, 76: meum animum tibi servitutem servire aequom censui, I thought it my duty that my mind should, etc., id. Trin. 2, 2, 27: ecquis est tandem qui vestrorum... aequom censeat poenas dare ob eam rem quod arguatur male facere voluisse? Cato ap. Gell. 6 (7), 3, 36:d.quis aequum censeret... receptos in fidem non defendi?
Liv. 21, 19, 5; so id. 24, 37, 7; 5, 3, 8; 22, 32, 6.—And without emphasis upon the idea of fairness or right:si sunt ita ut ego aequom censeo,
as I think they ought to be, Plaut. Stich. 1, 2, 55; so id. Trin. 3, 2, 87; 2, 3, 1; id. Merc. 3, 3, 8; id. Aul. 4, 1, 11; id. Ep. 4, 1, 29; id. Stich. 2, 2, 20; 4, 1, 42:qui aequom esse censeant, nos jam a pueris ilico nasci senes,
who believe that we should be born as old men right from childhood, Ter. Heaut. 2, 1, 2; so id. ib. 5, 5, 11; id. Ad. 4, 3, 10:qui aequom censeant rem perniciosam utili praeponi,
Auct. Her. 2, 14, 22: (tribuni) intercedebant;senatum quaerere de pecunia non relata in publicum... aequum censebant,
Liv. 38, 54, 5:cives civibus parcere aequum censebat,
Nep. Thras. 2, 6.—Very freq., esp. in Cic., when a question, rhetorical or real, is addressed to a second person, often referring to erroneous opinions:e.an fores censebas nobis publicitus praeberier?
Plaut. Am. 4, 2, 7:clanculum istaec te flagitia facere censebas potesse?
id. Men. 4, 2, 47:hicine nos habitare censes?
id. Trin. 4, 3, 72:omnes cinaedos esse censes, tu quia es?
id. Men. 3, 2, 48; so id. As. 2, 4, 78; 5, 2, 37; id. Bacch. 4, 6, 41; 5, 2. 82; id. Capt. 4, 2, 66; 4, 2, 74; 5, 2, 16; id. Cas. 2, 6, 29; id. Men. 5, 5, 25: continuo dari Tibi verba censes? Ter. And. 3, 2, 25; so id. ib. 3, 3, 13; 4, 4, 55; id. Heaut. 4, 3, 38; id. Hec. 4, 1, 32; 4, 4, 53; id. Phorm. 5, 6, 35:adeone me delirare censes ut ista esse credam?
Cic. Tusc. 1, 6, 10:nam cum in Graeco sermone haec... non videbantur, quid censes in Latino fore?
id. Fin. 3, 4, 15:quid igitur censes? Apim illum nonne deum videri Aegyptiis?
id. N. D. 1, 29, 82:quis haec neget esse utilia? quem censes?
id. Off. 3, 26, 99:an censes me tantos labores... suscepturum fuisse, si, etc.,
id. Sen. 23, 82:an vos Hirtium pacem velle censetis?
id. Phil. 12, 4, 9; so id. Brut. 50, 186; 85, 294; id. Tusc. 1, 5, 10 fin.; 2, 4, 11; 3, 13, 27; id. Fin. 1, 10, 34; id. N. D. 1, 8, 20; 1, 28, 78; 1, 44, 122; id. Leg. 2, 10, 23; id. Div. in Caecil. 16, 54; id. Phil. 1, 6, 13; 4, 3, 7; 7, 4, 14; 11, 1, 3; 11, 5, 10; 12, 3, 7; 12, 6, 13; 12, 8, 21; 12, 9, 22; 13, 2, 4; 14, 4, 10; id. Att. 10, 11, 4:quid censes munera terrae?... quo spectanda modo, quo sensu credis et ore?
Hor. Ep. 1, 6, 5 sqq.; so id. ib. 2, 2, 65; Lucr. 1, 973 (with obj.inf.).—With conditional period inst. of an inf.-clause:num censes faceret, filium nisi sciret eadem haec velle,
Ter. And. 3, 3, 46.—Sometimes censemus? is used in the same way as censes?
Cic. Tusc. 1, 2, 4; id. Off. 2, 7, 25; id. Fam. 4, 9, 2.—With an inf.clause understood: itane tu censes? Pa. Quid ego ni ita censeam? Plaut. Mil. 4, 3, 27: quid ergo censes? Tr. Quod rogas, Censeo, id. Rud. 4, 8, 7 sq.: quid illum censes? (i. e. eo loco facere?) Ter. And. 5, 2, 12:2.quid illas censes? (i. e. posse dicere),
id. Ad. 4, 5, 22; so Plaut. Curc. 1, 1, 59; Ter. Heaut. 3, 3, 9; 5, 3, 21.—So, very freq. in the comic poets, censeo, absol., as an approving answer; also sic censeo, istuc censeo, ita censeo (Cic.) to be variously rendered: ego divinam rem intus faciam... So. Censeo, that will be right! Plaut. Am. 3, 3, 11: auscultemus quid agat: Ph. Sane censeo, so we will, indeed, id. Curc. 2, 2, 29: quid si recenti re aedis pultem? Ad. Censeo, do so! id. Poen. 3, 4, 18: quin eloquamur? Ag. Censeo, hercle, patrue, id. ib. 5, 4, 93: patri etiam gratulabor? Tr. Censeo, I think so (and after answering several questions with censeo): etiamne complectar ejus patrem? Tr. Non censeo. Pl. Nunc non censet quom volo, id. Rud. 4, 8, 6 sqq.; id. Ps. 2, 2, 69; id. Stich. 5, 4, 53; id. Truc. 2, 4, 73; id. Cas. 4, 3, 14; Ter. Eun. 2, 1, 11; id. Heaut. 3, 3, 27: male habeas! Mu. Sic censeo, Plaut. Men. 4, 1, 11: aliquem arripiamus, etc.: Ly. Hem, istuc censeo, id. Merc. 3, 3, 19 (cf.:prorsus ita censeo, referring to general questions, as in D.,
Cic. Leg. 2, 10, 23);once similarly censeas: Quid gravare? censeas!
Say yes, Plaut. Stich. 3, 2, 22.—To resolve, as a merely mental act, with gerundial inf.-clause (rare; cf. II. B.): quibus rebus cognitis, Caesar maturandum sibi censuit, resolved to hasten, lit., thought he must hasten ( = statuit, existimavit), Caes. B. G. 7, 56 init.:3.censuimus igitur amplius quaerendum,
Gell. 12, 14, 7.—To consider, i. e. after carefully weighing the circumstances, with inf.-clause (rare):4. a.sed cum censerem... me et periculum vitare posse, et temperatius dicere... ea causa mihi in Asiam proficiscendi fuit,
Cic. Brut. 91, 314.—With double acc.:b.quom dispicias tristem, frugi censeas (i.e. eum),
you would consider him thrifty, Plaut. Cas. 3, 2. 32:auxilio vos dignos censet senatus,
considers you worthy of help, Liv. 7, 31, 2:has... indagines cuppediarum majore detestatione dignas censebimus si, etc.,
Gell. 7 (6), 16, 6: cum Priscum nobilitas hostem patriae censuisset, judged, declared him the enemy, etc., Aur. Vict. Caes. 29, 4.—In the pass. with nom. and inf., = haberi (in Manil. and Gell.):5.praeter illas unam et viginti (comoedias) quae consensu omnium Plauti esse censebantur,
Gell. 3, 3, 3:quae terrena censentur sidera sorte (i. e. esse),
are considered as being of the terrestrial kind, Manil. 2, 226; so id. 2, 293; 2, 653; 2, 667; 3, 96; so, sub aliquo censeri, to be considered as being under one ' s influence, id. 4, 246; 4, 705; cf. id. 3, 598 (with per).—To wish, with subj.-clause or ne (in App.):2.de coma pretiosi velleris floccum mihi confestim adferas censeo,
App. M. 6. [p. 315] p. 117:censeo ne ulla cura os percolat,
id. Mag. p. 411.censeo, ēre, = succenseo, to be angry: ne vobis censeam, si, etc., Varr. ap. Non. p. 267, 24. -
14 colens
1.cŏlo, colŭi, cultum, 3, v. a. [from the stem KOL, whence boukolos, boukoleô; cf.: colonus, in-cola, agri-cola] (orig. pertaining to agriculture), to cultivate, till, tend, take care of a field, garden, etc. (freq. in all per. and species of composition).I.Prop.(α).With acc.:(β).fundum,
Varr. R. R. 1, 1, 2:agrum,
id. ib. 1, 2, 14; Cato, R. R. 61; Col. 1 pr.:agri non omnes frugiferi sunt qui coluntur,
Cic. Tusc. 2, 5, 13; id. Agr. 2, 25, 67:arva et vineta et oleas et arbustum,
Quint. 1, 12, 7:praedia,
Cic. Rosc. Am. 17, 49:rus,
Col. 1, 1:rura,
Cat. 64, 38; Tib. 1, 5, 21; Verg. G. 2, 413:hortos,
Ov. M. 14, 624 al.:jugera,
Col. 1 pr.:patrios fines,
id. ib.:solum,
id. 2, 2, 8:terram,
id. 2, 2, 4:arbustum,
Quint. 1, 12, 7:vitem,
Cic. Fin. 4, 14, 38:arbores,
Hor. C. 2, 14, 22:arva,
id. ib. 3, 5, 24; Ov. Am. 1, 13, 15:fructus,
Verg. G. 2, 36:fruges,
Ov. M. 15, 134:poma,
id. ib. 14, 687; cf. under P. a.—Absol., Varr. R. R. 1, 2, 8; Verg. G. 1, 121; Dig. 19, 2, 54, § 1.—B.In gen., without reference to economics, to abide, dwell, stay in a place, to inhabit (syn.: incolo, habito; most freq. since the Aug. per.).(α).With acc.:(β).hanc domum,
Plaut. Aul. prol. 4:nemora atque cavos montes silvasque colebant,
Lucr. 5, 955:regiones Acherunticas,
Plaut. Bacch. 2, 2, 21:colitur ea pars (urbis) et habitatur frequentissime,
Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 53, § 119:urbem, urbem, mi Rufe, cole,
id. Fam. 2, 12, 2:has terras,
id. N. D. 2, 66, 164; Tac. A. 2, 60:loca Idae,
Cat. 63, 70:Idalium,
id. 36, 12 sq.; 61, 17:urbem Trojanam,
Verg. A. 4, 343:Sicaniam,
Ov. M. 5, 495:Maeoniam Sipylumque,
id. ib. 6, 149:Elin Messeniaque arva,
id. ib. 2, 679:regnum nemorale Dianae,
id. ib. 14, 331:hoc nemus,
id. ib. 15, 545:Elysium,
Verg. A. 5, 735:loca magna,
Ov. M. 14, 681; Liv. 1, 7, 10:Britanniam,
Tac. Agr. 11:Rheni ripam,
id. G. 28:victam ripam,
id. A. 1, 59:terras,
id. ib. 2, 60; cf. id. H. 5, 2:insulam,
id. A. 12, 61; id. G. 29:regionem,
Curt. 7, 7, 4.— Poet., of poets:me juvat in primā coluisse Helicona juventā,
i. e. to have written poetry in early youth, Prop. 3 (4), 5, 19.—Also of animals:anguis stagna,
Verg. G. 3, 430; Ov. M. 2, 380.—Absol.:II.hic,
Plaut. Ps. 1, 2, 68:subdiu colere te usque perpetuom diem,
id. Most. 3, 2, 78; Liv. 42, 67, 9; Curt. 9, 9, 2:colunt discreti ac diversi,
Tac. G. 16:proximi Cattis Usipii ac Tencteri colunt,
id. ib. 32:circa utramque ripam Rhodani,
Liv. 21, 26, 6:quā Cilices maritimi colunt,
id. 38, 18, 12:prope Oceanum,
id. 24, 49, 6:usque ad Albim,
Tac. A. 2, 41:ultra Borysthenem fluvium,
Gell. 9, 4, 6:super Bosporum,
Curt. 6, 2, 13:extra urbem,
App. M. 1, p. 111.—Trop. (freq. and class.).A.To bestow care upon a thing, to care for.1.Of the gods: colere aliquem locum, to frequent, cherish, care for, protect, be the guardian of, said of places where they were worshipped, had temples, etc.:2.deos deasque veneror, qui hanc urbem colunt,
Plaut. Poen. 5, 1, 19; Cat. 36, 12:Pallas, quas condidit arces, Ipsa colat,
Verg. E. 2, 62:ille (Juppiter) colit terras,
id. ib. 3, 61; id. A. 1, 16 Forbig. ad loc.:undis jura dabat, nymphisque colentibus undas,
Ov. M. 1, 576:urbem colentes di,
Liv. 31, 30, 9; 5, 21, 3:vos, Ceres mater ac Proserpina, precor, ceteri superi infernique di, qui hanc urbem colitis,
id. 24, 39, 8:divi divaeque, qui maria terrasque colitis,
id. 29, 27, 1.—Rarely with persons as object (syn.:3.curo, studeo, observo, obsequor): Juppiter, qui genus colis alisque hominum,
Plaut. Poen. 5, 4, 24; cf.:(Castor et Pollux) dum terras hominumque colunt genus,
i. e. improve, polish, Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 7. —Of the body or its parts, to cultivate, attend to, dress, clothe, adorn, etc.:4.formamque augere colendo,
by attire, dress, Ov. M. 10, 534:corpora,
id. A. A. 3, 107:tu quoque dum coleris,
id. ib. 3, 225.—With abl.:lacertos auro,
Curt. 8, 9, 21:lacertum armillā aureā,
Petr. 32:capillos,
Tib. 1, 6, 39; 1, 8, 9.—With abstr. objects, to cultivate, cherish, seek, practise, devote one ' s self to, etc.;5.of mental and moral cultivation: aequom et bonum,
Plaut. Men. 4, 2, 10:amicitiam,
id. Cist. 1, 1, 27:fidem rectumque,
Ov. M. 1, 90:fortitudinem,
Curt. 10, 3, 9:jus et fas,
Liv. 27, 17 fin.:memoriam alicujus,
Cic. Fin. 2, 31, 101:bonos mores,
Sall. C. 9, 1:suum quaestum colit,
Plaut. Poen. 5, 2, 137:pietatem,
id. As. 3, 1, 5; Ter. Hec. 3, 4, 33:virtutem,
Cic. Arch. 7, 16; id. Off. 1, 41, 149:amicitiam, justitiam, liberalitatem,
id. ib. 1, 2, 5:virginitatis amorem,
Verg. A. 11, 584:pacem,
Ov. M. 11, 297; cf. Martem, Sil. [p. 370] 8, 464:studium philosophiae,
Cic. Brut. 91, 315:disciplinam,
id. ib. 31, 117:aequabile et temperatum orationis genus,
id. Off. 1, 1, 3:patrias artes militiamque,
Ov. F. 2, 508; cf.:artes liberales,
Suet. Tib. 60:ingenium singulari rerum militarium prudentiā,
Vell. 2, 29, 5 Kritz.—Of a period of time or a condition, to live in, experience, live through, pass, spend, etc.:B.servitutem apud aliquem,
to be a slave, Plaut. Poen. 4, 2, 7:nunc plane nec ego victum, nec vitam illam colere possum, etc.,
Cic. Att. 12, 28, 2; and poet. in gen.: vitam or aevum = degere, to take care of life, for to live:vitam,
Plaut. Trin. 3, 2, 74; id. Cas. 2, 1, 12; id. Rud. 1, 5, 25:vitam inopem,
Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 84:aevum vi,
Lucr. 5, 1144 and 1149.—Colere aliquem, to regard one with care, i. e. to honor, revere, reverence, worship, etc. (syn.: observo, veneror, diligo).1.Most freq. of the reverence and worship of the gods, and the respect paid to objects pertaining thereto, to honor, respect, revere, reverence, worship:2.quid est enim cur deos ab hominibus colendos dicas?
Cic. N. D. 1, 41, 115:hos deos et venerari et colere debemus,
id. ib. 2, 28, 71; cf. id. ib. 1, 42, 119; id. Agr. 2, 35, 94; Liv. 39, 15, 2; Cat. 61, 48:Phoebe silvarumque potens Diana... o colendi Semper et culti,
Hor. C. S. 2 and 3; cf. Ov. M. 8, 350:deos aris, pulvinaribus,
Plin. Pan. 11, 3:Mercurium,
Caes. B. G. 6, 17:Apollinem nimiā religione,
Curt. 4, 3, 21:Cererem secubitu,
Ov. A. 3, 10, 16:(deam) magis officiis quam probitate,
id. P. 3, 1, 76:per flamines et sacerdotes,
Tac. A. 1, 10; Suet. Vit. 1:quo cognomine is deus quādam in parte urbis colebatur,
id. Aug. 70:deum precibus,
Sen. Herc. Oet. 580:testimoniorum religionem et fidem,
Cic. Fl. 4, 9; cf. id. Font. 10, 21; and:colebantur religiones pie magis quam magnifice,
Liv. 3, 57, 7; and:apud quos juxta divinas religiones humana fides colitur,
id. 9, 9, 4:sacra,
Ov. M. 4, 32; 15, 679:aras,
id. ib. 3, 733; 6, 208; cf. Liv. 1, 7, 10; Suet. Vit. 2 et saep.:numina alicujus,
Verg. G. 1, 30:templum,
id. A. 4, 458; Ov. M. 11, 578:caerimonias sepulcrorum tantā curà,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 12, 27:sacrarium summā caerimoniā,
Nep. Th. 8, 4:simulacrum,
Suet. Galb. 4.—Of the honor bestowed upon men:1.ut Africanum ut deum coleret Laelius,
Cic. Rep. 1, 12, 18:quia me colitis et magnificatis,
Plaut. Cist. 1, 1, 23; Ter. Ad. 3, 2, 54:a quibus diligenter observari videmur et coli,
Cic. Mur. 34, 70; cf. id. Fam. 6, 10, 7; 13, 22, 1; id. Off. 1, 41, 149; Sall. J. 10, 8:poëtarum nomen,
Cic. Arch. 11, 27:civitatem,
id. Fl. 22, 52; cf.:in amicis et diligendis et colendis,
id. Lael. 22, 85 and 82:semper ego plebem Romanam militiae domique... colo atque colui,
Liv. 7, 32, 16:colere et ornare,
Cic. Fam. 5, 8, 2:me diligentissime,
id. ib. 13, 25 init.:si te colo, Sexte, non amabo,
Mart. 2, 55:aliquem donis,
Liv. 31, 43, 7:litteris,
Nep. Att. 20, 4:nec illos arte colam, nec opulenter,
Sall. J. 85, 34 Kritz.— Hence,cŏlens, entis, P. a., honoring, treating respectfully; subst., a reverer, worshipper; with gen.:2.religionum,
Cic. Planc. 33, 80.—cultus, a, um, P. a. (acc. to I.).A.Cultivated, tilled:b.ager cultior,
Varr. R. R. 1, 2, 20:ager cultissimus,
Cic. Rosc. Com. 12, 33:materia et culta et silvestris,
id. N. D. 2, 60, 151:res pecuaria,
id. Quint. 3, 12:rus cultissimum,
Col. 1, 1, 1:terra,
Quint. 5, 11, 24:fundus cultior,
id. 8, 3, 8:cultiora loca,
Curt. 7, 3, 18.—Subst.: culta, ōrum, n., tilled, cultivated land, gardens, plantations, etc., Lucr. 1, 165; 1, 210; 5, 1370; Verg. G. 1, 153; 2, 196; 4, 372; Plin. 24, 10, 49, § 83—Hence,B.Trop., ornamented, adorned, polished, elegant, cultivated:2.milites habebat tam cultos ut argento et auro politis armis ornaret,
Suet. Caes. 67:adulter,
Ov. Tr. 2, 499:turba muliebriter culta,
Curt. 3, 3, 14:sacerdos veste candidā cultus,
Plin. 16, 44, 95, § 251:matrona vetitā purpurā culta,
Suet. Ner. 32:filia cultior,
Mart. 10, 98, 3:animi culti,
Cic. Tusc. 2, 5, 13; cf.:tempora et ingenia cultiora,
Curt. 7, 8, 11:Tibullus,
Ov. Am. 1, 15, 28; cf.carmina,
id. A. A. 3, 341:cultiores doctioresque redire,
Gell. 19, 8, 1:sermone cultissimus,
Aur. Vict. Epit. 45.— Adv.: cul-tē, elegantly: dicere, * Quint. 8, 3, 7; Plin. Ep. 5, 20, 6.— Comp.:dicere,
Sen. Suas. 4 fin.; Tac. Or. 21: (sc. veste) progredi, Just. 3, 3, 5:incubare strato lectulo,
Val. Max. 2, 6, 8.— Sup. apparently not in use.cōlo, āvi, ātum, āre, v. a. [colum], to filter, strain, to clarify, purify (post-Aug.):B.ceram,
Col. 9, 16, 1:mel,
id. 12, 11, 1:vinum sportā palmeā,
Pall. Febr. 27:sucum linteo,
Plin. 25, 13, 103, § 164:thymum cribro,
Col. 7, 8, 7:aliquid per linteum,
Scrib. Comp. 271:ad colum,
Veg. 2, 28, 19:per colum,
Apic. 4, 2:aurum,
App. Flor. p. 343, 20:terra colans,
Plin. 31, 3, 23, § 38:faex colata,
id. 31, 8, 44, § 95.— Poet.:amnes inductis retibus,
i. e. to spread out a fish-net, Manil. 5, 193.—Hence, cōlātus, a, um, P. a., cleansed, purified (post-class.):nitor (beryllorum),
Tert. Anim. 9.—Trop.:certiora et colatiora somniari,
Tert. Anim. 48. -
15 colo
1.cŏlo, colŭi, cultum, 3, v. a. [from the stem KOL, whence boukolos, boukoleô; cf.: colonus, in-cola, agri-cola] (orig. pertaining to agriculture), to cultivate, till, tend, take care of a field, garden, etc. (freq. in all per. and species of composition).I.Prop.(α).With acc.:(β).fundum,
Varr. R. R. 1, 1, 2:agrum,
id. ib. 1, 2, 14; Cato, R. R. 61; Col. 1 pr.:agri non omnes frugiferi sunt qui coluntur,
Cic. Tusc. 2, 5, 13; id. Agr. 2, 25, 67:arva et vineta et oleas et arbustum,
Quint. 1, 12, 7:praedia,
Cic. Rosc. Am. 17, 49:rus,
Col. 1, 1:rura,
Cat. 64, 38; Tib. 1, 5, 21; Verg. G. 2, 413:hortos,
Ov. M. 14, 624 al.:jugera,
Col. 1 pr.:patrios fines,
id. ib.:solum,
id. 2, 2, 8:terram,
id. 2, 2, 4:arbustum,
Quint. 1, 12, 7:vitem,
Cic. Fin. 4, 14, 38:arbores,
Hor. C. 2, 14, 22:arva,
id. ib. 3, 5, 24; Ov. Am. 1, 13, 15:fructus,
Verg. G. 2, 36:fruges,
Ov. M. 15, 134:poma,
id. ib. 14, 687; cf. under P. a.—Absol., Varr. R. R. 1, 2, 8; Verg. G. 1, 121; Dig. 19, 2, 54, § 1.—B.In gen., without reference to economics, to abide, dwell, stay in a place, to inhabit (syn.: incolo, habito; most freq. since the Aug. per.).(α).With acc.:(β).hanc domum,
Plaut. Aul. prol. 4:nemora atque cavos montes silvasque colebant,
Lucr. 5, 955:regiones Acherunticas,
Plaut. Bacch. 2, 2, 21:colitur ea pars (urbis) et habitatur frequentissime,
Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 53, § 119:urbem, urbem, mi Rufe, cole,
id. Fam. 2, 12, 2:has terras,
id. N. D. 2, 66, 164; Tac. A. 2, 60:loca Idae,
Cat. 63, 70:Idalium,
id. 36, 12 sq.; 61, 17:urbem Trojanam,
Verg. A. 4, 343:Sicaniam,
Ov. M. 5, 495:Maeoniam Sipylumque,
id. ib. 6, 149:Elin Messeniaque arva,
id. ib. 2, 679:regnum nemorale Dianae,
id. ib. 14, 331:hoc nemus,
id. ib. 15, 545:Elysium,
Verg. A. 5, 735:loca magna,
Ov. M. 14, 681; Liv. 1, 7, 10:Britanniam,
Tac. Agr. 11:Rheni ripam,
id. G. 28:victam ripam,
id. A. 1, 59:terras,
id. ib. 2, 60; cf. id. H. 5, 2:insulam,
id. A. 12, 61; id. G. 29:regionem,
Curt. 7, 7, 4.— Poet., of poets:me juvat in primā coluisse Helicona juventā,
i. e. to have written poetry in early youth, Prop. 3 (4), 5, 19.—Also of animals:anguis stagna,
Verg. G. 3, 430; Ov. M. 2, 380.—Absol.:II.hic,
Plaut. Ps. 1, 2, 68:subdiu colere te usque perpetuom diem,
id. Most. 3, 2, 78; Liv. 42, 67, 9; Curt. 9, 9, 2:colunt discreti ac diversi,
Tac. G. 16:proximi Cattis Usipii ac Tencteri colunt,
id. ib. 32:circa utramque ripam Rhodani,
Liv. 21, 26, 6:quā Cilices maritimi colunt,
id. 38, 18, 12:prope Oceanum,
id. 24, 49, 6:usque ad Albim,
Tac. A. 2, 41:ultra Borysthenem fluvium,
Gell. 9, 4, 6:super Bosporum,
Curt. 6, 2, 13:extra urbem,
App. M. 1, p. 111.—Trop. (freq. and class.).A.To bestow care upon a thing, to care for.1.Of the gods: colere aliquem locum, to frequent, cherish, care for, protect, be the guardian of, said of places where they were worshipped, had temples, etc.:2.deos deasque veneror, qui hanc urbem colunt,
Plaut. Poen. 5, 1, 19; Cat. 36, 12:Pallas, quas condidit arces, Ipsa colat,
Verg. E. 2, 62:ille (Juppiter) colit terras,
id. ib. 3, 61; id. A. 1, 16 Forbig. ad loc.:undis jura dabat, nymphisque colentibus undas,
Ov. M. 1, 576:urbem colentes di,
Liv. 31, 30, 9; 5, 21, 3:vos, Ceres mater ac Proserpina, precor, ceteri superi infernique di, qui hanc urbem colitis,
id. 24, 39, 8:divi divaeque, qui maria terrasque colitis,
id. 29, 27, 1.—Rarely with persons as object (syn.:3.curo, studeo, observo, obsequor): Juppiter, qui genus colis alisque hominum,
Plaut. Poen. 5, 4, 24; cf.:(Castor et Pollux) dum terras hominumque colunt genus,
i. e. improve, polish, Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 7. —Of the body or its parts, to cultivate, attend to, dress, clothe, adorn, etc.:4.formamque augere colendo,
by attire, dress, Ov. M. 10, 534:corpora,
id. A. A. 3, 107:tu quoque dum coleris,
id. ib. 3, 225.—With abl.:lacertos auro,
Curt. 8, 9, 21:lacertum armillā aureā,
Petr. 32:capillos,
Tib. 1, 6, 39; 1, 8, 9.—With abstr. objects, to cultivate, cherish, seek, practise, devote one ' s self to, etc.;5.of mental and moral cultivation: aequom et bonum,
Plaut. Men. 4, 2, 10:amicitiam,
id. Cist. 1, 1, 27:fidem rectumque,
Ov. M. 1, 90:fortitudinem,
Curt. 10, 3, 9:jus et fas,
Liv. 27, 17 fin.:memoriam alicujus,
Cic. Fin. 2, 31, 101:bonos mores,
Sall. C. 9, 1:suum quaestum colit,
Plaut. Poen. 5, 2, 137:pietatem,
id. As. 3, 1, 5; Ter. Hec. 3, 4, 33:virtutem,
Cic. Arch. 7, 16; id. Off. 1, 41, 149:amicitiam, justitiam, liberalitatem,
id. ib. 1, 2, 5:virginitatis amorem,
Verg. A. 11, 584:pacem,
Ov. M. 11, 297; cf. Martem, Sil. [p. 370] 8, 464:studium philosophiae,
Cic. Brut. 91, 315:disciplinam,
id. ib. 31, 117:aequabile et temperatum orationis genus,
id. Off. 1, 1, 3:patrias artes militiamque,
Ov. F. 2, 508; cf.:artes liberales,
Suet. Tib. 60:ingenium singulari rerum militarium prudentiā,
Vell. 2, 29, 5 Kritz.—Of a period of time or a condition, to live in, experience, live through, pass, spend, etc.:B.servitutem apud aliquem,
to be a slave, Plaut. Poen. 4, 2, 7:nunc plane nec ego victum, nec vitam illam colere possum, etc.,
Cic. Att. 12, 28, 2; and poet. in gen.: vitam or aevum = degere, to take care of life, for to live:vitam,
Plaut. Trin. 3, 2, 74; id. Cas. 2, 1, 12; id. Rud. 1, 5, 25:vitam inopem,
Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 84:aevum vi,
Lucr. 5, 1144 and 1149.—Colere aliquem, to regard one with care, i. e. to honor, revere, reverence, worship, etc. (syn.: observo, veneror, diligo).1.Most freq. of the reverence and worship of the gods, and the respect paid to objects pertaining thereto, to honor, respect, revere, reverence, worship:2.quid est enim cur deos ab hominibus colendos dicas?
Cic. N. D. 1, 41, 115:hos deos et venerari et colere debemus,
id. ib. 2, 28, 71; cf. id. ib. 1, 42, 119; id. Agr. 2, 35, 94; Liv. 39, 15, 2; Cat. 61, 48:Phoebe silvarumque potens Diana... o colendi Semper et culti,
Hor. C. S. 2 and 3; cf. Ov. M. 8, 350:deos aris, pulvinaribus,
Plin. Pan. 11, 3:Mercurium,
Caes. B. G. 6, 17:Apollinem nimiā religione,
Curt. 4, 3, 21:Cererem secubitu,
Ov. A. 3, 10, 16:(deam) magis officiis quam probitate,
id. P. 3, 1, 76:per flamines et sacerdotes,
Tac. A. 1, 10; Suet. Vit. 1:quo cognomine is deus quādam in parte urbis colebatur,
id. Aug. 70:deum precibus,
Sen. Herc. Oet. 580:testimoniorum religionem et fidem,
Cic. Fl. 4, 9; cf. id. Font. 10, 21; and:colebantur religiones pie magis quam magnifice,
Liv. 3, 57, 7; and:apud quos juxta divinas religiones humana fides colitur,
id. 9, 9, 4:sacra,
Ov. M. 4, 32; 15, 679:aras,
id. ib. 3, 733; 6, 208; cf. Liv. 1, 7, 10; Suet. Vit. 2 et saep.:numina alicujus,
Verg. G. 1, 30:templum,
id. A. 4, 458; Ov. M. 11, 578:caerimonias sepulcrorum tantā curà,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 12, 27:sacrarium summā caerimoniā,
Nep. Th. 8, 4:simulacrum,
Suet. Galb. 4.—Of the honor bestowed upon men:1.ut Africanum ut deum coleret Laelius,
Cic. Rep. 1, 12, 18:quia me colitis et magnificatis,
Plaut. Cist. 1, 1, 23; Ter. Ad. 3, 2, 54:a quibus diligenter observari videmur et coli,
Cic. Mur. 34, 70; cf. id. Fam. 6, 10, 7; 13, 22, 1; id. Off. 1, 41, 149; Sall. J. 10, 8:poëtarum nomen,
Cic. Arch. 11, 27:civitatem,
id. Fl. 22, 52; cf.:in amicis et diligendis et colendis,
id. Lael. 22, 85 and 82:semper ego plebem Romanam militiae domique... colo atque colui,
Liv. 7, 32, 16:colere et ornare,
Cic. Fam. 5, 8, 2:me diligentissime,
id. ib. 13, 25 init.:si te colo, Sexte, non amabo,
Mart. 2, 55:aliquem donis,
Liv. 31, 43, 7:litteris,
Nep. Att. 20, 4:nec illos arte colam, nec opulenter,
Sall. J. 85, 34 Kritz.— Hence,cŏlens, entis, P. a., honoring, treating respectfully; subst., a reverer, worshipper; with gen.:2.religionum,
Cic. Planc. 33, 80.—cultus, a, um, P. a. (acc. to I.).A.Cultivated, tilled:b.ager cultior,
Varr. R. R. 1, 2, 20:ager cultissimus,
Cic. Rosc. Com. 12, 33:materia et culta et silvestris,
id. N. D. 2, 60, 151:res pecuaria,
id. Quint. 3, 12:rus cultissimum,
Col. 1, 1, 1:terra,
Quint. 5, 11, 24:fundus cultior,
id. 8, 3, 8:cultiora loca,
Curt. 7, 3, 18.—Subst.: culta, ōrum, n., tilled, cultivated land, gardens, plantations, etc., Lucr. 1, 165; 1, 210; 5, 1370; Verg. G. 1, 153; 2, 196; 4, 372; Plin. 24, 10, 49, § 83—Hence,B.Trop., ornamented, adorned, polished, elegant, cultivated:2.milites habebat tam cultos ut argento et auro politis armis ornaret,
Suet. Caes. 67:adulter,
Ov. Tr. 2, 499:turba muliebriter culta,
Curt. 3, 3, 14:sacerdos veste candidā cultus,
Plin. 16, 44, 95, § 251:matrona vetitā purpurā culta,
Suet. Ner. 32:filia cultior,
Mart. 10, 98, 3:animi culti,
Cic. Tusc. 2, 5, 13; cf.:tempora et ingenia cultiora,
Curt. 7, 8, 11:Tibullus,
Ov. Am. 1, 15, 28; cf.carmina,
id. A. A. 3, 341:cultiores doctioresque redire,
Gell. 19, 8, 1:sermone cultissimus,
Aur. Vict. Epit. 45.— Adv.: cul-tē, elegantly: dicere, * Quint. 8, 3, 7; Plin. Ep. 5, 20, 6.— Comp.:dicere,
Sen. Suas. 4 fin.; Tac. Or. 21: (sc. veste) progredi, Just. 3, 3, 5:incubare strato lectulo,
Val. Max. 2, 6, 8.— Sup. apparently not in use.cōlo, āvi, ātum, āre, v. a. [colum], to filter, strain, to clarify, purify (post-Aug.):B.ceram,
Col. 9, 16, 1:mel,
id. 12, 11, 1:vinum sportā palmeā,
Pall. Febr. 27:sucum linteo,
Plin. 25, 13, 103, § 164:thymum cribro,
Col. 7, 8, 7:aliquid per linteum,
Scrib. Comp. 271:ad colum,
Veg. 2, 28, 19:per colum,
Apic. 4, 2:aurum,
App. Flor. p. 343, 20:terra colans,
Plin. 31, 3, 23, § 38:faex colata,
id. 31, 8, 44, § 95.— Poet.:amnes inductis retibus,
i. e. to spread out a fish-net, Manil. 5, 193.—Hence, cōlātus, a, um, P. a., cleansed, purified (post-class.):nitor (beryllorum),
Tert. Anim. 9.—Trop.:certiora et colatiora somniari,
Tert. Anim. 48. -
16 culta
1.cŏlo, colŭi, cultum, 3, v. a. [from the stem KOL, whence boukolos, boukoleô; cf.: colonus, in-cola, agri-cola] (orig. pertaining to agriculture), to cultivate, till, tend, take care of a field, garden, etc. (freq. in all per. and species of composition).I.Prop.(α).With acc.:(β).fundum,
Varr. R. R. 1, 1, 2:agrum,
id. ib. 1, 2, 14; Cato, R. R. 61; Col. 1 pr.:agri non omnes frugiferi sunt qui coluntur,
Cic. Tusc. 2, 5, 13; id. Agr. 2, 25, 67:arva et vineta et oleas et arbustum,
Quint. 1, 12, 7:praedia,
Cic. Rosc. Am. 17, 49:rus,
Col. 1, 1:rura,
Cat. 64, 38; Tib. 1, 5, 21; Verg. G. 2, 413:hortos,
Ov. M. 14, 624 al.:jugera,
Col. 1 pr.:patrios fines,
id. ib.:solum,
id. 2, 2, 8:terram,
id. 2, 2, 4:arbustum,
Quint. 1, 12, 7:vitem,
Cic. Fin. 4, 14, 38:arbores,
Hor. C. 2, 14, 22:arva,
id. ib. 3, 5, 24; Ov. Am. 1, 13, 15:fructus,
Verg. G. 2, 36:fruges,
Ov. M. 15, 134:poma,
id. ib. 14, 687; cf. under P. a.—Absol., Varr. R. R. 1, 2, 8; Verg. G. 1, 121; Dig. 19, 2, 54, § 1.—B.In gen., without reference to economics, to abide, dwell, stay in a place, to inhabit (syn.: incolo, habito; most freq. since the Aug. per.).(α).With acc.:(β).hanc domum,
Plaut. Aul. prol. 4:nemora atque cavos montes silvasque colebant,
Lucr. 5, 955:regiones Acherunticas,
Plaut. Bacch. 2, 2, 21:colitur ea pars (urbis) et habitatur frequentissime,
Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 53, § 119:urbem, urbem, mi Rufe, cole,
id. Fam. 2, 12, 2:has terras,
id. N. D. 2, 66, 164; Tac. A. 2, 60:loca Idae,
Cat. 63, 70:Idalium,
id. 36, 12 sq.; 61, 17:urbem Trojanam,
Verg. A. 4, 343:Sicaniam,
Ov. M. 5, 495:Maeoniam Sipylumque,
id. ib. 6, 149:Elin Messeniaque arva,
id. ib. 2, 679:regnum nemorale Dianae,
id. ib. 14, 331:hoc nemus,
id. ib. 15, 545:Elysium,
Verg. A. 5, 735:loca magna,
Ov. M. 14, 681; Liv. 1, 7, 10:Britanniam,
Tac. Agr. 11:Rheni ripam,
id. G. 28:victam ripam,
id. A. 1, 59:terras,
id. ib. 2, 60; cf. id. H. 5, 2:insulam,
id. A. 12, 61; id. G. 29:regionem,
Curt. 7, 7, 4.— Poet., of poets:me juvat in primā coluisse Helicona juventā,
i. e. to have written poetry in early youth, Prop. 3 (4), 5, 19.—Also of animals:anguis stagna,
Verg. G. 3, 430; Ov. M. 2, 380.—Absol.:II.hic,
Plaut. Ps. 1, 2, 68:subdiu colere te usque perpetuom diem,
id. Most. 3, 2, 78; Liv. 42, 67, 9; Curt. 9, 9, 2:colunt discreti ac diversi,
Tac. G. 16:proximi Cattis Usipii ac Tencteri colunt,
id. ib. 32:circa utramque ripam Rhodani,
Liv. 21, 26, 6:quā Cilices maritimi colunt,
id. 38, 18, 12:prope Oceanum,
id. 24, 49, 6:usque ad Albim,
Tac. A. 2, 41:ultra Borysthenem fluvium,
Gell. 9, 4, 6:super Bosporum,
Curt. 6, 2, 13:extra urbem,
App. M. 1, p. 111.—Trop. (freq. and class.).A.To bestow care upon a thing, to care for.1.Of the gods: colere aliquem locum, to frequent, cherish, care for, protect, be the guardian of, said of places where they were worshipped, had temples, etc.:2.deos deasque veneror, qui hanc urbem colunt,
Plaut. Poen. 5, 1, 19; Cat. 36, 12:Pallas, quas condidit arces, Ipsa colat,
Verg. E. 2, 62:ille (Juppiter) colit terras,
id. ib. 3, 61; id. A. 1, 16 Forbig. ad loc.:undis jura dabat, nymphisque colentibus undas,
Ov. M. 1, 576:urbem colentes di,
Liv. 31, 30, 9; 5, 21, 3:vos, Ceres mater ac Proserpina, precor, ceteri superi infernique di, qui hanc urbem colitis,
id. 24, 39, 8:divi divaeque, qui maria terrasque colitis,
id. 29, 27, 1.—Rarely with persons as object (syn.:3.curo, studeo, observo, obsequor): Juppiter, qui genus colis alisque hominum,
Plaut. Poen. 5, 4, 24; cf.:(Castor et Pollux) dum terras hominumque colunt genus,
i. e. improve, polish, Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 7. —Of the body or its parts, to cultivate, attend to, dress, clothe, adorn, etc.:4.formamque augere colendo,
by attire, dress, Ov. M. 10, 534:corpora,
id. A. A. 3, 107:tu quoque dum coleris,
id. ib. 3, 225.—With abl.:lacertos auro,
Curt. 8, 9, 21:lacertum armillā aureā,
Petr. 32:capillos,
Tib. 1, 6, 39; 1, 8, 9.—With abstr. objects, to cultivate, cherish, seek, practise, devote one ' s self to, etc.;5.of mental and moral cultivation: aequom et bonum,
Plaut. Men. 4, 2, 10:amicitiam,
id. Cist. 1, 1, 27:fidem rectumque,
Ov. M. 1, 90:fortitudinem,
Curt. 10, 3, 9:jus et fas,
Liv. 27, 17 fin.:memoriam alicujus,
Cic. Fin. 2, 31, 101:bonos mores,
Sall. C. 9, 1:suum quaestum colit,
Plaut. Poen. 5, 2, 137:pietatem,
id. As. 3, 1, 5; Ter. Hec. 3, 4, 33:virtutem,
Cic. Arch. 7, 16; id. Off. 1, 41, 149:amicitiam, justitiam, liberalitatem,
id. ib. 1, 2, 5:virginitatis amorem,
Verg. A. 11, 584:pacem,
Ov. M. 11, 297; cf. Martem, Sil. [p. 370] 8, 464:studium philosophiae,
Cic. Brut. 91, 315:disciplinam,
id. ib. 31, 117:aequabile et temperatum orationis genus,
id. Off. 1, 1, 3:patrias artes militiamque,
Ov. F. 2, 508; cf.:artes liberales,
Suet. Tib. 60:ingenium singulari rerum militarium prudentiā,
Vell. 2, 29, 5 Kritz.—Of a period of time or a condition, to live in, experience, live through, pass, spend, etc.:B.servitutem apud aliquem,
to be a slave, Plaut. Poen. 4, 2, 7:nunc plane nec ego victum, nec vitam illam colere possum, etc.,
Cic. Att. 12, 28, 2; and poet. in gen.: vitam or aevum = degere, to take care of life, for to live:vitam,
Plaut. Trin. 3, 2, 74; id. Cas. 2, 1, 12; id. Rud. 1, 5, 25:vitam inopem,
Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 84:aevum vi,
Lucr. 5, 1144 and 1149.—Colere aliquem, to regard one with care, i. e. to honor, revere, reverence, worship, etc. (syn.: observo, veneror, diligo).1.Most freq. of the reverence and worship of the gods, and the respect paid to objects pertaining thereto, to honor, respect, revere, reverence, worship:2.quid est enim cur deos ab hominibus colendos dicas?
Cic. N. D. 1, 41, 115:hos deos et venerari et colere debemus,
id. ib. 2, 28, 71; cf. id. ib. 1, 42, 119; id. Agr. 2, 35, 94; Liv. 39, 15, 2; Cat. 61, 48:Phoebe silvarumque potens Diana... o colendi Semper et culti,
Hor. C. S. 2 and 3; cf. Ov. M. 8, 350:deos aris, pulvinaribus,
Plin. Pan. 11, 3:Mercurium,
Caes. B. G. 6, 17:Apollinem nimiā religione,
Curt. 4, 3, 21:Cererem secubitu,
Ov. A. 3, 10, 16:(deam) magis officiis quam probitate,
id. P. 3, 1, 76:per flamines et sacerdotes,
Tac. A. 1, 10; Suet. Vit. 1:quo cognomine is deus quādam in parte urbis colebatur,
id. Aug. 70:deum precibus,
Sen. Herc. Oet. 580:testimoniorum religionem et fidem,
Cic. Fl. 4, 9; cf. id. Font. 10, 21; and:colebantur religiones pie magis quam magnifice,
Liv. 3, 57, 7; and:apud quos juxta divinas religiones humana fides colitur,
id. 9, 9, 4:sacra,
Ov. M. 4, 32; 15, 679:aras,
id. ib. 3, 733; 6, 208; cf. Liv. 1, 7, 10; Suet. Vit. 2 et saep.:numina alicujus,
Verg. G. 1, 30:templum,
id. A. 4, 458; Ov. M. 11, 578:caerimonias sepulcrorum tantā curà,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 12, 27:sacrarium summā caerimoniā,
Nep. Th. 8, 4:simulacrum,
Suet. Galb. 4.—Of the honor bestowed upon men:1.ut Africanum ut deum coleret Laelius,
Cic. Rep. 1, 12, 18:quia me colitis et magnificatis,
Plaut. Cist. 1, 1, 23; Ter. Ad. 3, 2, 54:a quibus diligenter observari videmur et coli,
Cic. Mur. 34, 70; cf. id. Fam. 6, 10, 7; 13, 22, 1; id. Off. 1, 41, 149; Sall. J. 10, 8:poëtarum nomen,
Cic. Arch. 11, 27:civitatem,
id. Fl. 22, 52; cf.:in amicis et diligendis et colendis,
id. Lael. 22, 85 and 82:semper ego plebem Romanam militiae domique... colo atque colui,
Liv. 7, 32, 16:colere et ornare,
Cic. Fam. 5, 8, 2:me diligentissime,
id. ib. 13, 25 init.:si te colo, Sexte, non amabo,
Mart. 2, 55:aliquem donis,
Liv. 31, 43, 7:litteris,
Nep. Att. 20, 4:nec illos arte colam, nec opulenter,
Sall. J. 85, 34 Kritz.— Hence,cŏlens, entis, P. a., honoring, treating respectfully; subst., a reverer, worshipper; with gen.:2.religionum,
Cic. Planc. 33, 80.—cultus, a, um, P. a. (acc. to I.).A.Cultivated, tilled:b.ager cultior,
Varr. R. R. 1, 2, 20:ager cultissimus,
Cic. Rosc. Com. 12, 33:materia et culta et silvestris,
id. N. D. 2, 60, 151:res pecuaria,
id. Quint. 3, 12:rus cultissimum,
Col. 1, 1, 1:terra,
Quint. 5, 11, 24:fundus cultior,
id. 8, 3, 8:cultiora loca,
Curt. 7, 3, 18.—Subst.: culta, ōrum, n., tilled, cultivated land, gardens, plantations, etc., Lucr. 1, 165; 1, 210; 5, 1370; Verg. G. 1, 153; 2, 196; 4, 372; Plin. 24, 10, 49, § 83—Hence,B.Trop., ornamented, adorned, polished, elegant, cultivated:2.milites habebat tam cultos ut argento et auro politis armis ornaret,
Suet. Caes. 67:adulter,
Ov. Tr. 2, 499:turba muliebriter culta,
Curt. 3, 3, 14:sacerdos veste candidā cultus,
Plin. 16, 44, 95, § 251:matrona vetitā purpurā culta,
Suet. Ner. 32:filia cultior,
Mart. 10, 98, 3:animi culti,
Cic. Tusc. 2, 5, 13; cf.:tempora et ingenia cultiora,
Curt. 7, 8, 11:Tibullus,
Ov. Am. 1, 15, 28; cf.carmina,
id. A. A. 3, 341:cultiores doctioresque redire,
Gell. 19, 8, 1:sermone cultissimus,
Aur. Vict. Epit. 45.— Adv.: cul-tē, elegantly: dicere, * Quint. 8, 3, 7; Plin. Ep. 5, 20, 6.— Comp.:dicere,
Sen. Suas. 4 fin.; Tac. Or. 21: (sc. veste) progredi, Just. 3, 3, 5:incubare strato lectulo,
Val. Max. 2, 6, 8.— Sup. apparently not in use.cōlo, āvi, ātum, āre, v. a. [colum], to filter, strain, to clarify, purify (post-Aug.):B.ceram,
Col. 9, 16, 1:mel,
id. 12, 11, 1:vinum sportā palmeā,
Pall. Febr. 27:sucum linteo,
Plin. 25, 13, 103, § 164:thymum cribro,
Col. 7, 8, 7:aliquid per linteum,
Scrib. Comp. 271:ad colum,
Veg. 2, 28, 19:per colum,
Apic. 4, 2:aurum,
App. Flor. p. 343, 20:terra colans,
Plin. 31, 3, 23, § 38:faex colata,
id. 31, 8, 44, § 95.— Poet.:amnes inductis retibus,
i. e. to spread out a fish-net, Manil. 5, 193.—Hence, cōlātus, a, um, P. a., cleansed, purified (post-class.):nitor (beryllorum),
Tert. Anim. 9.—Trop.:certiora et colatiora somniari,
Tert. Anim. 48. -
17 premo
I.Lit.:B.pede pedem alicui premere,
Plaut. As. 4, 1, 30:et trepidae matres pressere ad pectora natos,
Verg. A. 7, 518:veluti qui sentibus anguem Pressit humi nitens,
id. ib. 2, 379:novercae Monstra manu premens,
id. ib. 8, 288:pressit et inductis membra paterna rotis,
i. e. drove her chariot over her father's body, Ov. Ib. 366:trabes Hymettiae Premunt columnas,
press, rest heavily upon them, Hor. C. 2, 18, 3:premere terga genu alicujus,
Ov. Am. 3, 2, 24:ubera plena,
i. e. to milk, id. F. 4, 769:vestigia alicujus,
to tread in, to follow one's footsteps, Tac. A. 2, 14:nudis pressit qui calcibus anguem,
Juv. 1, 43:dente frena,
to bite, to champ, Ov. M. 10, 704:ore aliquid,
to chew, eat, id. ib. 5, 538; cf.:aliquid morsu,
Lucr. 3, 663:presso molari,
with compressed teeth, Juv. 5, 160:pressum lac,
i. e. cheese, Verg. E. 1, 82.—In mal. part.:Hister Peucen premerat Antro,
forced, Val. Fl. 8, 256:uxorem,
Suet. Calig. 25.—Of animals:feminas premunt galli,
Mart. 3, 57, 17.—Transf.1.Poet., to bear down upon, to touch:2.premere litora,
Ov. M. 14, 416:litus,
to keep close to the shore, Hor. C. 2, 10, 3:aëra,
i. e. to fly, Luc. 7, 835.—Poet., to hold fast, hold, firmly grasp:3.premere frena manu,
Ov. M. 8, 37:ferrum,
to grasp, Sil. 5, 670:capulum,
id. 2, 615.—Poet., to press a place with one's body, i. e. to sit, stand, lie, fall, or seat one's self on any thing:4.toros,
Ov. H. 12, 30:sedilia,
id. M. 5, 317:hoc quod premis habeto,
id. ib. 5, 135:et pictam positā pharetram cervice premebat,
id. ib. 2, 421:humum,
to lie on the ground, id. Am. 3, 5, 16; cf. id. F. 4, 844:frondes tuo premis ore caducas,
id. M. 9, 650; Sen. Hippol. 510.—To cover, to conceal by covering (mostly poet.):5.aliquid terrā,
to conceal, bury in the earth, Hor. Epod. 1, 33:nonumque prematur in annum,
kept back, suppressed, id. A. P. 388:omne lucrum tenebris alta premebat humus,
Ov. Am. 3, 8, 36:ossa male pressa,
i. e. buried, id. Tr. 5, 3, 39; Plin. 2, 79, 81, § 191; hence, to crown, to cover or adorn with any thing:ut premerer sacrā lauro,
Hor. C. 3, 4, 18:molli Fronde crinem,
Verg. A. 4, 147:canitiem galeā,
id. ib. 9, 612:mitrā capillos,
Ov. F. 4, 517; cf. Verg. A. 5, 556.—To make, form, or shape any thing by pressing ( poet.):6.quod surgente die mulsere horisque diurnis, Nocte premunt,
they make into cheese, Verg. G. 3, 400:os fingit premendo,
id. A. 6, 80:caseos,
id. E. 1, 35:mollem terram,
Vulg. Sap. 15, 7; Calp. Ecl. 5, 34.—To press hard upon, bear down upon, to crowd, pursue closely:7.hostes de loco superiore,
Caes. B. G. 7, 19:Pompeiani nostros premere et instare coeperunt,
id. B. C. 3, 46:hac fugerent Graii, premeret Trojana juventus,
Verg. A. 1, 467:Pergamenae naves cum adversarios premerent acrius,
Nep. Hann. 11, 5:hinc Rutulus premit, et murum circumsonat armis,
Verg. A. 8, 473:obsidione urbem,
Caes. B. G. 7, 32.—Of the pursuit or chase of animals:ad retia cervum,
Verg. G. 3, 413:spumantis apri cursum clamore,
id. A. 1, 324:bestias venatione,
Isid. 10, 282.—To press down, burden, load, freight:8.nescia quem premeret,
on whose back she sat, Ov. M. 2, 869:tergum equi,
id. ib. 8, 34;14, 343: et natat exuviis Graecia pressa suis,
Prop. 4, 1, 114 (5, 1, 116):pressae carinae,
Verg. G. 1, 303:pressus membra mero,
Prop. 2, 12 (3, 7), 42:magno et gravi onere armorum pressi,
Caes. B. G. 4, 24:auro phaleras,
to adorn, Stat. Th. 8, 567.—To press into, force in, press upon:b.(caprum) dentes in vite prementem,
Ov. F. 1, 355:presso sub vomere,
Verg. G. 2, 356; cf.:presso aratro,
Tib. 4, 1, 161:alte ensem in corpore,
Stat. Th. 11, 542:et nitidas presso pollice finge comas,
Prop. 3, 8 (4, 9), 14:et cubito remanete presso,
leaning upon, Hor. C. 1, 27, 8. —To make with any thing ( poet.):9.aeternā notā,
Ov. F. 6, 610:littera articulo pressa tremente,
id. H. 10, 140:multā via pressa rotā,
id. ib. 18, 134.—To press down, let down, cause to sink down, to lower:b.nec preme, nec summum molire per aethera currum,
Ov. M. 2, 135:humanaeque memor sortis, quae tollit eosdem, Et premit,
id. Tr. 3, 11, 67:mundus ut ad Scythiam Rhiphaeasque arduus arces Consurgit, premitur Libyae devexus in Austros,
sinks down, Verg. G. 1, 240; Sen. Herc. Fur. 155. —In partic.(α). (β).To make or form by pressing down, to make any thing deep, to dig:(γ). 10.vestigio leviter presso,
Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 24, § 53; cf.(trop.): vestigia non pressa leviter, sed fixa,
id. Sest. 5, 13:sulcum premere,
to draw a furrow, Verg. A. 10, 296:fossam transversam, inter montes pressit (al. percussit),
Front. Strat. 1, 5:fossa pressa,
Plin. Ep. 10, 69, 4:cavernae in altitudinem pressae,
Curt. 5, 1, 28.—To press closely, compress, press together, close:b.oculos,
Verg. A. 9, 487:alicui fauces,
Ov. M. 12, 509:laqueo collum,
to strangle, Hor. Ep. 1, 16, 37:angebar ceu guttura forcipe pressus,
Ov. M. 9, 78:presso gutture,
compressed, Verg. G. 1, 410; cf.:siquidem unius praecordia pressit ille (boletus) senis,
i. e. stopped his breath, Juv. 6, 621:quibus illa premetur Per somnum digitis,
choked, id. 14, 221:amplexu presso,
united, in close embrace, Sen. Oedip. 192:oscula jungere pressa,
to exchange kisses, Ov. H. 2, 94; so,pressa basia,
Mart. 6, 34, 1:presso gradu incedere,
in close ranks, foot to foot, Liv. 28, 14:pede presso,
id. 8, 8.—In partic.(α).To shorten, tighten, draw in:(β).pressis habenis,
Verg. A. 11, 600 (cf.:laxas dure habenas,
id. ib. 1, 63).—To keep short, prune:(γ).Calenā falce vitem,
Hor. C. 1, 31, 9:luxuriem falce,
Ov. M. 14, 628:falce premes umbras (i. e. arbores umbrantes),
Verg. G. 1, 157; 4, 131:molle salictum,
Calp. Ecl. 5, 110.—To check, arrest, stop:11.premere sanguinem,
Tac. A. 15, 64:vestigia pressit,
Verg. A. 6, 197:attoniti pressere gradum,
Val. Fl. 2, 424 ' dixit, pressoque obmutuit ore, was silent, Verg. A. 6, 155.—To press out, bring out by pressure:12.tenerā sucos pressere medullā,
Luc. 4, 318; cf.: (equus) collectumque fremens volvit sub naribus ignem, Verg. ap. Sen. Ep. 95, 68, and id. G. 3, 85 Rib.—To frequent: feci ut cotidie praesentem me viderent, habitavi in [p. 1441] oculis, pressi forum, Cic. Planc. 27, 66.—II.Trop.A.To press, press upon, oppress, overwhelm, weigh down; to urge, drive, importune, pursue, to press close or hard, etc. (class.):B.ego istum pro suis factis pessumis pessum premam,
Plaut. Most. 5, 2, 49 Lorenz ad loc.:quae necessitas eum tanta premebat, ut, etc.,
Cic. Rosc. Am. 34, 97:ea, quae premant, et ea, quae impendeant,
id. Fam. 9, 1, 2:aerumnae, quae me premunt,
Sall. J. 14, 22:pressus gravitate soporis,
bound by heavy, deep sleep, Ov. M. 15, 21:cum aut aere alieno, aut magnitudine tributorum, aut injuriā potentium premuntur,
Caes. B. G. 6, 13:invidia et odio populi premi,
Cic. de Or. 1, 53, 228:premi periculis,
id. Rep. 1, 6, 10:cum a me premeretur,
id. Verr. 2, 1, 53, § 139; cf.:aliquem verbo,
id. Tusc. 1, 7, 13:criminibus veris premere aliquem,
Ov. M. 14, 401:cum a plerisque ad exeundum premeretur, exire noluit,
was pressed, urged, importuned, Nep. Ages. 6, 1:a Pompeii procuratoribus sescentis premi coeptus est,
Cic. Att. 6, 1, 3: numina nulla premunt;mortali urgemur ab hoste,
Verg. A. 10, 375:premere reum voce, vultu,
Tac. A. 3, 67:crimen,
to pursue obstinately, Quint. 7, 2, 12:confessionem,
to force a confession from one, id. 7, 1, 29:argumentum etiam atque etiam,
to pursue steadily, Cic. Tusc. 1, 36, 88:ancipiti mentem formidine pressus,
Verg. A. 3, 47:maerore pressa,
Sen. Oct. 103:veritate pressus negare non potuit,
overcome, overpowered, Lact. 4, 13.—Transf.1.To repress, hide, conceal (mostly poet.):2.dum nocte premuntur,
Verg. A. 6, 827:curam sub corde,
id. ib. 4, 332:odium,
Plin. Pan. 62:iram,
Tac. A. 6, 50:pavorem et consternationem mentis vultu,
id. ib. 13, 16:interius omne secretum,
Sen. Ep. 3, 4:dolorem silentio,
Val. Max. 3, 3, 1 ext.; cf. silentia, Sil. 12, 646:aliquid ore,
Verg. A. 7, 103:jam te premet nox,
Hor. C. 1, 4, 16.—To lower, diminish, undervalue, disparage, depreciate:b.premendorum superiorum arte sese extollebat,
Liv. 22, 12:arma Latini,
Verg. A. 11, 402:opuscula ( = deprimere atque elevare),
Hor. Ep. 1, 19, 36:famam alicujus,
Tac. A. 15, 49:premere ac despicere,
Quint. 11, 1, 16:premere tumentia, humilia extollere,
id. ib. 10, 4, 1.—To surpass, exceed:c.facta premant annos,
Ov. M. 7, 449:ne prisca vetustas Laude pudicitiae saecula nostra premat,
id. P. 3, 1, 116:quantum Latonia Nymphas Virgo premit,
Stat. S. 1, 2, 115.—To rule ( poet.):3.dicione premere populos,
Verg. A. 7, 737:imperio,
id. ib. 1, 54:Mycenas Servitio premet,
id. ib. 1, 285.—To suppress, pull down, humble, degrade:4.quae (vocabula) nunc situs premit,
Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 118:nec premendo alium me extulisse velim,
Liv. 22, 59, 10; cf. id. 39, 41, 1:premebat reum crimen,
id. 3, 13, 1.—To compress, abridge, condense:5.haec enim, quae dilatantur a nobis, Zeno sic premebat,
Cic. N. D. 2, 7, 20.—To check, arrest, repress, restrain:6.cursum ingenii tui, Brute, premit haec importuna clades civitatis,
Cic. Brut. 97, 332:sub imo Corde gemitum,
Verg. A. 10, 464:vocem,
to be silent, id. ib. 9, 324:sermones vulgi,
to restrain, Tac. A. 3, 6.—To store up, lay up in the mind, muse upon:I. A.(vocem) ab ore Eripuit pater ac stupefactus numine pressit,
Verg. A. 7, 119.—Hence, pressus, a, um, P. a.Lit.:B.presso pede eos retro cedentes principes recipiebant,
Liv. 8, 8, 9:presso gradu,
id. 28, 14, 14; cf.:pressoque legit vestigia gressu,
Ov. M. 3, 17.—Trop.1.Of the voice or manner, subdued:2.haec cum pressis et flebilibus modis, qui totis theatris maestitiam inferant,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 44, 106.—Of color, lowered, depressed; hence, dark, gloomy:II.color pressus,
Pall. 4, 13, 4:color viridi pressior,
Plin. 35, 6, 13, § 32:spadices pressi,
Serv. Verg. G. 3, 82.—Esp., of an orator or of speech.A.Compressed, concise, plain, without ornament (class.):B.fiunt pro grandibus tumidi, pressis exiles, fortibus temerarii, etc.,
Quint. 10, 2, 16:cum Attici pressi et integri, contra Asiani inflati et inanes haberentur,
id. 12, 10, 18.—Of style:pressa et tenuia, et quae minimum ab usu cotidiano recedant,
Quint. 10, 1, 102:pressus et demissus stilus,
Plin. Ep. 1, 8, 5; Quint. 4, 2, 117.— Comp.: in concionibus pressior, et circumscriptior, et adductior, more moderate, keeping more within bounds, Plin. Ep. 1, 16, 4.—Close, exact, accurate:B.Thucydides ita verbis aptus et pressus, ut,
Cic. de Or. 2, 13, 56: quis te fuit umquam in partiundis rebus pressior? more exact, more accurate, id. Fragm. ap. Non. 364, 24:sicuti taxare pressius crebriusque est, quam tangere,
Gell. 2, 6, 5:quod (periculum) observandum pressiore cautelā censeo,
stricter, greater, App. M. 5, p. 160, 36:cogitationes pressiores,
id. ib. 5, p. 163, 32.—So of sounds, precise, intelligible:(lingua) vocem profusam fingit atque sonos vocis distinctos et pressos facit,
Cic. N. D. 2, 59, 149.—Hence, adv.: pressē, with pressure, violently (class.): artius pressiusque conflictata, Atei. Capito ap. Gell. 10, 6, 2.—Closely, tightly.1.Lit.:2.vites pressius putare,
Pall. 12, 9:pressius colla radere,
Veg. Vet. 1, 56.—Trop.a.Of pronunciation, shortly, neatly, trimly:b.loqui non aspere, non vaste, non rustice, sed presse, et aequabiliter, et leniter,
Cic. de Or. 3, 12, 45; id. Off. 1, 37, 133.—Of the mode of expression, etc., concisely, not diffusely:(β).definire presse et anguste,
Cic. Or. 33, 117:abundanter dicere, an presse,
Quint. 8, 3, 40:pressius et astrictius scripsi,
Plin. Ep. 3, 18, 10.—Without ornament, simply:(γ).unum (genus oratorum) attenuate presseque, alterum sublate ampleque dicentium,
Cic. Brut. 55, 202:aliquid describere modo pressius, modo elatius,
Plin. Ep. 4, 14, 3.—Closely, exactly, correctly, accurately:mihi placet agi subtilius, et pressius,
Cic. Fin. 4, 10, 24:definiunt pressius,
id. Tusc. 4, 7, 14:anquisitius, et exactius pressiusque disserere,
Gell. 1, 3, 21. -
18 bonae
bŏnus (old form dŭonus, Carm. Sall. ap. Varr. L. L. 7, § 26 Mull.; cf. Paul. ex Fest. p. 67 Mull.), a, um, adj. [for duonus, cf. bellum, bis, and cf. root dvi-; hence deidô, deos], good; comp. melior, us [cf. Gr. mala, mallon], better; sup. optimus ( optumus, ante-class. and often class.) [root opof ops, opes; cf. copia, apiscor], best.I.Attributively.A.As adjunct of nouns denoting persons.1.Vir bonus.(α).A man morally good (kalos kagathos):(β).quoniam boni me viri pauperant, improbi alunt,
Plaut. Poen. 5, 4, 60:omnibus virtutibus instructos et ornatos tum sapientes, tum viros bonos dicimus,
Cic. Tusc. 5, 10, 28:ille vir bonus qui... intolerabili dolore lacerari potius quam aut officium prodat aut fidem,
id. Ac. 2, 8, 23:sive vir bonus est is qui prodest quibus potest, nocet nemini, certe istum virum bonum non facile reperimus,
id. Off. 3, 15, 64:qui se ita gerunt ut eorum probitas, fides, integritas, etc.... hos viros bonos... appellandos putemus,
id. Lael. 5, 19:non intellegunt se de callido homine loqui, non de bono viro,
id. Att. 7, 2, 4:ut quisque est vir optimus, ita difficillime esse alios improbos suspicatur,
id. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 4, § 12:nec enim melior vir fuit Africano quisquam, nec clarior,
id. Lael. 2, 6; id. Leg. 1, 14, 41; 1, 18, 48; id. Planc. 4, 9; id. Par. 3, 1, 21; id. Marcell. 6, 20; id. Fam. 7, 21; id. Off. 2, 16, 57.—An honest man:(γ).justitia, ex qua viri boni nominantur,
Cic. Off. 1, 7, 21; 1, 44, 155; 2, 11, 39; 2, 12, 42; 2, 20, 71;3, 12, 50: cum is sponsionem fecisset ni vir bonus esset,
id. ib. 3, 19, 77:quoniam Demosthenes nec vir bonus esset, nec bene meritus de civitate,
id. Opt. Gen. 7, 20; cf. id. Rosc. Am. 40, 116.—A man of good standing in the community:(δ).id viri boni arbitratu deducetur,
Cato, R. R. 143; so id. ib. 149:tuam partem viri bono arbitratu... dari oportet,
Dig. 17, 1, [p. 244] 35;37, 6, 2, § 2: quem voles virum bonum nominato,
Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 25, § 55:vir bonus est... quo res sponsore, et quo causae teste tenentur,
Hor. Ep. 1, 16, 40.—Hence, ironically of wealthy men:praetores jus dicunt, aediles ludos parant, viri boni usuras perscribunt,
Cic. Att. 9, 12, 3.—Ironically of bad men:(ε).sed eccum lenonem Lycum, bonum virum,
Plaut. Poen. 5, 5, 52; Ter. Eun. 5, 3, 9; 4, 3, 18; id. Ad. 3, 4, 30:expectabam quinam isti viri boni testes hujus manifesto deprehensi veneni dicerentur,
Cic. Cael. 26, 63:nam socer ejus, vir multum bonus est,
id. Agr. 3, 3, 13;so especially in addresses (mostly comic.): age tu, illuc procede, bone vir!
Plaut. Capt. 5, 2, 1; id. Curc. 5, 2, 12; id. Ps. 4, 7, 48; id. Pers. 5, 2, 11; Ter. And. 3, 5, 10; 5, 2, 5; id. Ad. 4, 2, 17; id. Eun. 5, 2, 11:quid tu, vir optime? Ecquid habes quod dicas?
Cic. Rosc. Am. 36, 104.—Sometimes boni viri = boni, in the sense of optimates (v. I. A. 3.):(ζ).bonis viris quid juris reliquit tribunatus C. Gracchi?
Cic. Leg. 3, 9, 20.—As a conventional courtesy:2.homines optimi non intellegunt, etc.,
Cic. Fin. 1, 7, 25:bone accusator,
id. Rosc. Am. 21, 58:sic illum amicum vocasti, quomodo omnes candidatos bonos viros dicimus,
gentlemen, Sen. Ep. 3, 1.—For bonus vir, a good husband, v. 3.; and for vir optimus, as a laudatory epithet, v. 5.—Boni homines (rare) = boni, better classes of society, v. II. A. 3:3.in foro infimo boni homines atque dites ambulant,
Plaut. Curc. 4, 1, 14.—With nouns denoting persons in regard to their functions, offices, occupations, and qualities, denoting excellence:4.bonus consul,
Liv. 4, 40, 6; 22, 39, 2 (different: consules duos, bonos quidem, sed dumtaxat bonos, amisimus, consuls of good sentiments, almost = bad consuls, Cic. ad Brut. 1, 3, 4):boni tribuni plebis,
Cic. Phil. 1, 10, 25:bonus senator,
id. Prov. Cons. 15, 37:senator bonus,
id. Dom. 4, 8:bonus judex,
id. Verr. 2, 4, 15, § 34:bonus augur (ironically),
id. Phil. 2, 32, 80:bonus vates,
Plaut. Mil. 3, 3, 27:bonus imperator,
Sall. C. 60, 4:bonus dux,
Quint. 12, 1, 43 (cf. trop.:naturam, optimam ducem,
the best guide, Cic. Sen. 2, 5):bonus miles,
Sall. C. 60, 4; Sen. Vit. Beat. 15, 5:bonus orator,
Cic. Fin. 1, 3, 10:optimus orator,
id. Opt. Gen. 1, 3:poeta bonus,
id. de Or. 1, 3, 11; 2, 46, 194; id. Fin. 1, 3, 10:scriptor bonus,
Quint. 10, 1, 104:bonus advocatus,
id. 5, 13, 10:bonus defensor,
id. 5, 13, 3:bonus altercator,
a good debater, id. 6, 4, 10:bonus praeceptor,
id. 5, 13, 44; 10, 5, 22:bonus gubernator,
Cic. Ac. 2, 31, 100:optimus opifex,
Hor. S. 1, 3, 133:sutor bonus,
id. ib. 1, 3, 125:actor optimus,
Cic. Sest. 57, 122:cantor optimus est modulator,
Hor. S. 1, 3, 130:melior gladiator,
Ov. Tr. 4, 6, 33: agricola (colonus, dominus) bonus, Cato, R. R. prooem.; Cic. Sen. 16, 56:bonus paterfamilias,
a thrifty head of the house, Nep. Att. 13, 1:bonus servus,
Plaut. Trin. 4, 3, 58; id. Am. 2, 1, 46; id. Men. 5, 6, 1; Cic. Mil. 22, 58:dominus bonus,
Cato, R. R. 14:bonus custos,
Plaut. Truc. 4, 3, 38.—Ironically, Ter. Phorm. 2, 1, 57:filius bonus,
Plaut. Am. 3, 4, 9:patres,
Quint. 11, 3, 178:parens,
id. 6, prooem. 4: bonus (melior, optimus), viz. a good husband, Cic. Inv. 1, 31, 51 sq.; Liv. 1, 9, 15:uxor melior,
Cic. Inv. 1, 31, 52:amicus,
id. Fam. 2, 15, 3:amicus optimus,
Plaut. Cas. 3, 3, 18:optimus testis,
Cic. Fam. 7, 27, 2:auctor, in two senses,
good authority, id. Att. 5, 12, 3;and = bonus scriptor (post-class.),
Quint. 10, 1, 74.—Esp.:bonus civis (rarely civis bonus): in re publica ea velle quae tranquilla et honesta sint: talem enim solemus et sentire bonum civem et dicere, Cic.-Off. 1, 34, 124: eaque est summa ratio et sapientia boni civis, commoda civium non divellere, atque omnes aequitate eadem continere,
id. ib. 2, 23, 83:eum esse civem et fidelem et bonum,
Plaut. Pers. 1, 2, 15; Cic. Fam. 2, 8, 2; 1, 9, 10; 3, 12, 1; 6, 6, 11; id. Off. 1, 44, 155; Liv. 22, 39, 3; Sall. H. Fragm. 1, 10 Dietsch:optimus et fortissimus civis,
Cic. Fam. 12, 2, 3; id. Sest. 17, 39.—Bonus and optimus as epithets of the gods.(α).In gen.:(β).sed te bonus Mercurius perdat,
Plaut. Cas. 2, 3, 23:fata... bonique divi,
Hor. C. 4, 2, 38:divis orte bonis,
id. ib. 4, 5, 1:O bone deus!
Scrib. Comp. 84 fin.: BONORVM DEORVM, Inscr. ap. Cic. N. D. 3, 34, 84: totidem, pater optime, dixi, Tu mihi da cives, referring to Jupiter, Ov. M. 7, 627.—Optimus Maximus, a standing epithet of Jupiter:(γ).(Juppiter) a majoribus nostris Optimus Maximus (nominatur), et quidem ante optimus, id est beneficentissimus, quam Maximus,
Cic. N. D. 2, 25, 64:Jovem optimum et maximum ob eas res appellant, non quod, etc.,
id. ib. 3, 36, 87:in templo Jovis Optimi Maximi,
id. Sest. 56, 129; id. Prov. Cons. 9, 22:nutu Jovis Optimi Maximi,
id. Cat. 3, 9, 21; Liv. 1, 12, 7; id. 6, 16, 2.—Di boni, O di boni, expressing indignation, sorrow, or surprise:(δ).di boni, hunc visitavi antidhac!
Plaut. Ep. 4, 1, 16:di boni, boni quid porto!
Ter. And. 2, 2, 1:di boni, quid hoc morbi est,
id. Eun. 2, 1, 19; id. Heaut. 2, 3, 13; id. Ad. 3, 3, 86:alter, O di boni, quam taeter incedebat!
Cic. Sest. 8, 19; id. Brut. 84, 288; id. Phil. 2, 8, 20; 2, 32, 80; id. Att. 1, 16, 5; 14, 21, 2; Val. Max. 3, 5, 1; Sen. Vit. Beat. 2, 3.—Bona Dea, etc., v. 6.—5.Optimus as a laudatory epithet.(α).Vir optimus:(β).per vos nobis, per optimos viros optimis civibus periculum inferre conantur,
Cic. Sest. 1, 2:virum optimum et constantissimum M. Cispium,
id. ib. 35, 76:fratrem meum, virum optimum, fortissimum,
id. ib.:consolabor hos praesentes, viros optimos,
id. Balb. 19, 44; id. Planc. 21, 51; 23, 55; id. Mil. 14, 38; id. Marcell. 4, 10; id. Att. 5, 1, 5; Hor. S. 1, 6, 53.—Femina bona, optima:(γ).tua conjunx bona femina,
Cic. Phil. 3, 6, 16:hujus sanctissimae feminae atque optimae pater,
id. ib. —Senex, pater, frater, etc.:(δ).optimus: parentes ejus, prudentissimi atque optimi senis,
Cic. Planc. 41, 97:insuevit pater optimus hoc me,
Hor. S. 1, 4, 105; 2, 1, 12:C. Marcelli, fratris optimi,
Cic. Fam. 4, 7, 6; id. Q. Fr. 2, 6 (8), 2; 2, 4, 2.—With proper names ( poet.):(ε).optimus Vergilius,
Hor. S. 1, 6, 54:Maecenas optimus,
id. ib. 1, 5, 27:optime Quinti,
id. Ep. 1, 16, 1.—Esp. as an epithet of the Roman emperors:6.quid tam civile, tam senatorium quam illud, additum a nobis Optimi cognomen?
Plin. Pan. 2, 7:gratias, inquit, ago, optime Princeps!
Sen. Tranq. 14. 4:ex epistula optimi imperatoris Antonini,
Gai. Inst. 1, 102; cf.:bene te patriae pater optime Caesar,
Ov. F. 2, 637:optime Romulae Custos gentis,
Hor. C. 4, 5, 1.—Bonus and Bona, names of deities.(α).Bona Dea, the goddess of Chastity, whose temple could not be entered by males (cf. Macr. S. 1, 12; Lact. 1, 22):(β).Bonae Deae pulvinaribus,
Cic. Pis. 39, 95; id. Mil. 31, 86; id. Fam. 1, 9, 15; cf.in mal. part.,
Juv. 2, 86 sq.; 6, 314 sq.; 6, 335 sq.—Bonus Eventus, Varr. R. R. 1, 1 med.; Amm. 29, 6, 19; Inscr. Orell. 907; 1780 sq.—(γ).Bona Fortuna:(δ).si bona Fortuna veniat, ne intromiseris,
Plaut. Aul. 1, 3, 22:Bonae Fortunae (signum),
Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 3, § 7:FORTVNAE BONAE DOMESTICAE,
Inscr. Orell. 1743 sq. —Bona Spes:(ε).Spes Bona, obsecro, subventa mihi,
Plaut. Rud. 1, 4, 12:BONAE SPEI,
Aug. Inscr. Grut. 1075, 1.—BONA MENS, Inscr. Orell. 1818 sqq.:B.Mens Bona, si qua dea es, tua me in sacraria dono,
Prop. 3, 24, 19.With nouns denoting things.1.Things concrete, denoting excellence:2.navis bona dicitur non quae pretiosis coloribus picta est... sed stabilis et firma,
Sen. Ep. 76, 13:gladium bonum dices, non cui auratus est balteus, etc., sed cui et ad secandum subtilis acies est, et, etc.,
id. ib. 76, 14:id vinum erit lene et bono colore,
Cato, R. R. 109; Lucr. 2, 418; Ov. Am. 2, 7, 9:tabulas... collocare in bono lumine,
Cic. Brut. 75, 261: ex quavis olea oleum... bonum fieri potest. Cato, R. R. 3:per aestatem boves aquam bonam et liquidam bibant semper curato,
id. ib. 73; cf.:bonae aquae, ironically compared to wine,
Prop. 2, 33 (3, 31), 28:praedium bonum caelum habeat,
good temperature, Cato, R. R. 1:bona tempestate,
in good weather, Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 2, 4:(praedium) solo bono valeat,
by good soil, Cato, R. R. 1:bonae (aedes) cum curantur male,
Plaut. Most. 1, 2, 24:villam bonam,
Cic. Off. 3, 13, 55:bonus pons,
Cat. 17, 5:scyphi optimi (= optime facti),
Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 14, § 32:perbona toreumata,
id. ib. 2, 4, 18, §38: bona domicilia,
comfortable residences, id. N. D. 2, 37, 95:agrum Meliorem nemo habet,
Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 12:fundum meliorem,
Cic. Inv. 1, 31, 52: fundos optimos et fructuosissimos, id. Agr. 3, 4, 14:equus melior,
id. Inv. 1, 31, 52:bona cena,
Cat. 13, 3:boni nummi,
good, not counterfeit, Plaut. As. 3, 3, 144; Cic. Off. 3, 23, 91:super omnia vultus accessere boni,
good looks, Ov. M. 8, 678:mulier bona forma,
of a fine form, Ter. Heaut. 3, 2, 13:equus formae melioris,
Hor. S. 2, 7, 52:tam bona cervix, simul ac jussero, demetur,
fine, beautiful, Suet. Calig. 33:fruges bonae,
Cat. 34, 19:ova suci melioris,
of better flavor, Hor. S. 2, 4, 13.— Trop.:animus aequus optimum est aerumnae condimentum,
Plaut. Rud. 2, 3, 71: bona dextra, a lucky hand (cf.:bonum omen, 2. e.),
Quint. 6, 3, 69:scio te bona esse voce, ne clama nimis,
good, sound, loud voice, Plaut. Most. 3, 1, 43; so,bona firmaque vox,
Quint. 11, 3, 13.—Things abstract.a.Of physical well-being:b.ut si qui neget sine bona valetudine posse bene vivi,
Cic. Inv. 1, 51, 93; Sen. Vit. Beat. 22, 2; Lucr. 3, 102; Val. Max. 2, 5, 6; Quint. 10, 3, 26; 11, 2, 35 et saep.:non bonus somnus de prandio est,
Plaut. Most. 3, 2, 8:bona aetas,
prime of life, Cic. Sen. 14, 48:optima aetate,
id. Fam. 10, 3, 3.—Ironically:bona, inquis, aetate, etc.,
Sen. Ep. 76, 1.—Of the mind and soul:c.meliore esse sensu,
Cic. Sest. 21, 47:optima indoles,
id. Fin. 5, 22, 61:bona conscientia,
Quint. 6, 1, 33; 9, 2, 93; Sen. Vit. Beat. 20, 5:bono ingenio me esse ornatam quam auro multo mavolo,
with a good heart, Plaut. Poen. 1, 2, 91; id. Stich. 1, 21, 59; Sall. C. 10, 5:mens melior,
Ter. Ad. 3, 3, 78; Cic. Phil. 3, 5, 13; Liv. 39, 16, 5; Sen. Ben. 1, 11, 4; id. Ep. 10, 4; Pers. 2, 8; Petr. 61.—Personified, Prop. 3 (4), 24, 19; Ov. Am. 1, 2, 31:duos optimae indolis filios,
Val. Max. 5, 7, 2; Sen. Ben. 6, 16, 6; Quint. 1, 2, 5:bonum consilium,
Plaut. Merc. 2, 3, 6; id. Rud. 4, 3, 18; Cic. Off. 1, 33, 121:bona voluntas,
a good purpose, Quint. 12, 11, 31:memoria bona,
Cic. Att. 8, 4, 2:bona ratio cum perdita... confligit,
id. Cat. 2, 11, 25:bonae rationes,
Ter. Ad. 5, 3, 50:pronuntiatio bona,
Auct. Her. 3, 15, 27.—Of moral relations:d.ego si bonam famam mihi servasso, sat ero dives,
Plaut. Most. 1, 3, 71; Cic. Sest. 66, 139; Liv. 6, 11, 7; Hor. S. 1, 2, 61 (cf. Cic. Att. 7, 26, 1;v. e. infra): si ego in causa tam bona cessi tribuni plebis furori,
Cic. Sest. 16, 36; id. Planc. 36, 87; Ov. M. 5, 220:fac, sis, bonae frugi sies,
of good, regular habits, Plaut. Curc. 4, 2, 35; id. Cas. 2, 4, 5; 2, 5, 19; id. Ps. 1, 5, 53; id. Truc. 1, 1, 13; id. Capt. 5, 2, 3 sq. (v. frux, II. B. 1. b.): vilicus disciplina bona utatur. Cato, R. R. 5:bona studia,
moral pursuits, Auct. Her. 4, 17, 25:quidquid vita meliore parasti,
Hor. S. 2, 3, 15: ad spem mortis melioris, an honorable death; so as an epithet of religious exercises:Juppiter, te bonas preces precor,
Cato, R. R. 134; 139.—Of external, artistic, and literary value and usefulness:e.bono usui estis nulli,
Plaut. Curc. 4, 2, 15:Optumo optume optumam operam das,
id. Am. 1, 1, 122:bonam dedistis mihi operam,
a valuable service to me, id. Poen. 2, 3, 70; 3, 6, 11; id. Pers. 4, 7, 11; id. Rud. 3, 6, 11 (in a different sense: me bona opera aut mala Tibi inventurum esse auxilium argentarium, by fair or unfair means, id. Ps. 1, 1, 102;v. e. infra): optima hereditas a patribus traditur liberis... gloria virtutis rerumque gestarum,
Cic. Off. 1, 33, 121:bonum otium,
valuable leisure, Sall. C. 4, 1:bonis versibus,
Cic. Ac. 2, 23, 74:versus meliores,
Plaut. Trin. 3, 2, 81:meliora poemata,
Hor. A. P. 303:in illa pro Ctesiphonte oratione longe optima,
Cic. Or. 8, 26:optimas fabulas,
id. Off. 1, 31, 114:melius munus,
id. Ac. 1, 2, 7.—Favorable, prosperous, lucky, fortunate:f.de Procilio rumores non boni,
unfavorable rumors, Cic. Att. 4, 16, 5:bona de Domitio, praeclara de Afranio fama est,
about their success in the war, id. ib. 7, 26, 1:si fuisset in discipulo comparando meliore fortuna,
id. Pis. 29, 71; cf.fortuna optima esse,
to be in the best pecuniary circumstances, id. ad Brut. 1, 1, 2:occasio tam bona,
Plaut. Most. 2, 2, 9:senex est eo meliore condicione quam adulesoens cum, etc.,
Cic. Sen. 19, 68; id. Fam. 4, 32:bona navigatio,
id. N. D. 3, 34, 83;esp. in phrase bona spes.—Object.: ergo in iis adulescentibus bonam spem esse dicemus et magnam indolem quos, etc.,
Cic. Fin. 2, 35, 117.—Subject.:ego sum spe bona,
Cic. Fam. 12, 28, 3; id. Cat. 2, 11, 25; [p. 245] id. Att. 14, 1 a, 3; id. Q. Fr. 1, 2, 5, § 16:optima spe,
id. Fam. 12, 11, 2.—Pregn., = spes bonarum rerum, Sall. C. 21, 1;v. C. 1. c. infra: meliora responsa,
more favorable, Liv. 7, 21, 6:melior interpretatio,
Tac. H. 3, 65:cum laude et bonis recordationibus,
id. A. 4, 38:amnis Doctus iter melius,
i. e. less injurious, Hor. A. P. 68:omen bonum,
a good, lucky omen, Cic. Pis. 13, 31; cf.Liv. praef. § 13: melius omen,
Ov. F. 1, 221;optimum,
Cic. Fam. 3, 12, 2:bona scaeva,
Plaut. Stich. 5, 2, 24:auspicio optumo,
id. ib. 3, 2, 6; cf.:memini bene, sed meliore Tempore dicam = opportuniore tempore,
Hor. S. 1, 9, 68.—Of public affairs, si mihi bona re publica frui non licuerit, Cic. Mil. 34, 93:g.optima res publica,
id. Or. 1, 1, 1; id. Phil. 1, 8, 19:minus bonis temporibus,
id. Dom. 4, 8; so,optimis temporibus,
id. Sest. 3, 6:nostrae res meliore loco videbantur,
id. ad Brut. 1, 3, 1:lex optima,
id. Pis. 16, 37; id. Sest. 64, 137; id. Phil, 1, 8, 19.—Good = large, considerable:h.bono atque amplo lucro,
Plaut. Am. prol. 6:bona librorum copia,
Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 109; cf.:bona copia cornu,
Ov. M. 9, 88; v. bona pars, C. 8. g.—Noble; with genus, good family, noble extraction, honorable birth: quali me arbitraris genere prognatum? Eu. Bono, Plaut. Aul. 2, 2, 35; so id. Ep. 1, 2, 4; 2, 1, 3; id. Pers. 4, 4, 94:k.si bono genere natus sit,
Auct. Her. 3, 7, 13.—Referring to good-will, kindness, faithfulness, in certain phrases.(α).Bona venia or cum bona venia, with the kind permission of a person addressed, especially bona venia orare, expetere, etc.:(β).primum abs te hoc bona venia expeto,
Ter. Phorm. 2, 3, 31:bona tua venia dixerim,
Cic. Leg. 3, 15, 34:oravit bona venia Quirites, ne, etc.,
Liv. 7, 41, 3:obsecro vos.. bona venia vestra liceat, etc.,
id. 6, 40, 10:cum bona venia quaeso audiatis, etc.,
id. 29, 17, 6; Arn. c. Gent. 1, p. 5; cf.. sed des veniam bonus oro = venia bona oro,
Hor. S. 2, 4, 5.—Bona pax, without quarrelling:(γ).bona pax sit potius,
let us have no quarrel about that, Plaut. Pers. 2, 2, 7;so especially cum bona pace, or bona pace: Hannibal ad Alpis cum bona pace incolentium... pervenit,
without a difficulty with the inhabitants, Liv. 21, 32, 6; 21, 24, 5; 1, 24, 3; 28, 37, 4; 8, 15, 1; cf.: si bonam (pacem) dederitis, = a fair peace, under acceptable conditions, id. 8, 21, 4.—Amicitia bona = bona fide servata, faithful, undisturbed friendship:(δ).igitur amicitia Masinissae bona atque honesta nobis permansit,
Sall. J. 5, 5.—Bona societas, alliance:C.Segestes, memoria bonae societatis, impavidus,
Tac. A. 1, 58.In particular phrases.1.Bonae res.a.= Vitae commoda, comforts of life, abstract or concrete:b.concedatur bonis rebus homines morte privari,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 36, 87:optimis rebus usus est,
he had every most desirable thing, Nep. Att. 18, 1.—= Res secundae, opp. res adversae, prosperity:c.bonis rebus tuis, meas irrides malas,
Plaut. Trin. 2, 4, 45:in bonis rebus,
Hor. C. 2, 3, 2. —Res bona = res familiaris bona, wealth ( poet.): in re bona esse, Laber. ap. Gell. 10, 17, 4.—Also an object of value:d.homines quibus mala abunde omnia erant, sed neque res neque spes bona ulla,
who had no property, nor the hope of any, Sall. C. 21, 1. —Costly things, articles of luxury:e.capere urbem in Arabia plenam bonarum rerum,
Plaut. Pers. 4, 3, 46; 4, 4, 82:nimium rei bonae,
id. Stich. 2, 3, 55:ignorantia bonarum rerum,
Nep. Ages. 8, 5 ' bonis rebus gaudere, Hor. S. 2, 6, 110:re bona copiosum esse,
Gell. 16, 19, 7.—Moral, morally good:f.illi cum res non bonas tractent,
Cic. Ac. 2, 33, 72:ut de virtutibus et vitiis, omninoque de bonis rebus et malis quaererent,
id. ib. 1, 4, 15:quid habemus in rebus bonis et malis explorati?
id. ib. 2, 42, 129; so id. Or. 1, 10, 42; id. Leg. 1, 22, 58:quae tamen omnia dulciora fuint et moribus bonis et artibus,
id. Sen. 18, 65.—In literary composition, important or interesting matter, subjects, or questions:2.res bonas verbis electis dictas quis non legat?
Cic. Fin. 1, 3, 8:studiis generorum, praesertim in re bona,
Plaut. Am. 8, 26.—Bonae artes.(α).A good, laudable way of dealing:(β).qui praeclari facinoris aut artis bonae famam quaerit,
Sall. C. 2, 9:huic bonae artes desunt, dolis atque fallaciis contendit,
id. ib. 11, 2:quod is bonarum artium cupiens erat,
Tac. A. 6, 46.—Liberal arts and sciences:3.litteris aut ulli bonae arti,
Quint. 12, 1, 7:conservate civem bonarum artium, bonarum partium, bonorum virorum,
Cic. Sest. 32, 77. —Esp.:optimae artes: optimarum artium scientia,
Cic. Fin. 1, 3, 4; id. Ac. 2, 1, 1; id. Cael. 10, 24; id. Marcell. 1, 4.—Bona fides, or fides bona.a.Good faith, i. e. conscious honesty in acts or words: qui nummos fide bona solvit, who pays (the price of labor) in good faith, i. e. as it is honestly earned, Cato, R. R. 14:b.dic, bona fide, tu id aurum non subripuisti?
Plaut. Aul. 4, 10, 46; 4, 10, 47; id. Capt. 4, 2, 111; id. Most. 3, 1, 137; id. Poen. 1, 3, 30; id. Pers. 4, 3, 16; id. Ps. 4, 6, 33:si tibi optima fide omnia concessit,
Cic. Rosc. Am. 49, 144; Quint. 10, 3, 23.—Hence, bonae fidei vir, a conscientious man, Quint. 10, 7, 1.—Jurid. t. t.(α).Good faith in contracts and legal acts in general, opposed to dolus malus, honesty and fairness in dealing with another:(β).ad fidem bonam statuit pertinere, notum esse emptori vitium quod nosset venditor,
Cic. Off. 3, 16, 67.—Hence, alienam rem bona fide emere, to buy, believing the seller to be the rightful owner, Dig. 41, 3, 10; 41, 3, 13, § 1. bonae fidei possessor (also possessio), believing that he is the rightful owner, ib. 5, 3, 25, § 11; 5, 3, 22; 41, 3, 15, § 2;41, 3, 24: conventio contra bonam fidem et mores bonos,
ib. 16, 31, § 7: bonam fidem praestare, to be responsible for one ' s good faith, ib. 17, 1, 10 prooem.—Hence,Bonae fidei actiones or judicia, actions in equity, i. e. certain classes of actions in which the strict civil law was set aside by the praetorian edict in favor of equity:4.actiones quaedam bonae fidei sunt, quaedam stricti juris. Bonae fidei sunt haec: exempto vendito, locato conducto, etc.,
Just. Inst. 4, 6, 28, § 19.—In the republican time the praetor added in such actions to his formula for the judex the words ex fide bona, or, in full:quidquid dare facere oportet ex fide bona,
Cic. Off. 3, 16, 66:iste dolus malus et legibus erat vindicatus, et sine lege, judiciis in quibus additur ex fide bona,
id. ib. 3, 15, 61; cf. id. ib. 3, 17, 70.—Bona verba.(α).Kind words:(β).Bona verba quaeso,
Ter. And. 1, 2, 33.—Words of good omen (v. omen):(γ).dicamus bona verba,
Tib. 2, 2, 1:dicite suffuso ter bona verba mero,
Ov. F. 2, 638.—Elegant or well-chosen expressions:(δ).quid est tam furiosum quam verborum vel optimorum atque ornatissimorum sonitus inanis,
Cic. Or. 1, 12, 51:verborum bonorum cursu,
id. Brut. 66, 233:omnia verba sunt alicubi optima,
Quint. 10, 1, 9.—Moral sayings:5.non est quod contemnas bona verba et bonis cogitationibus plena praecordia,
Sen. Vit. Beat. 20, 1. —Bona dicta.(α).Polite, courteous language:(β).hoc petere me precario a vobis jussit leniter dictis bonis,
Plaut. Am. prol. 25.—Witticisms ( bon-mots): flammam a sapiente facilius ore in ardente opprimi, quam bona dicta teneat, Enn. ap. Cic. Or. 2, 54, 222:6.dico unum ridiculum dictum de dictis melioribus quibus solebam menstruales epulas ante adipiscier,
Plaut. Capt. 3, 1, 22:ibo intro ad libros ut discam de dictis melioribus,
id. Stich. 2, 3, 75.—Bona facta.(α).= bene facta (v. bene, I. B. 2. b.), laudable deeds:(β).nobilitas ambobus et majorum bona facta (sc. erant),
Tac. A. 3, 40.—Bonum factum est, colloq., = bene est, bene factum est (v. bene, I. B. 2. b.):(γ).bonum factum est, ut edicta servetis mea,
Plaut. Poen. prol. 16:haec imperata quae sunt pro imperio histrico, bonum hercle factum (est) pro se quisque ut meminerit,
id. ib. 45.— Hence,Elliptically, introducing commands which cannot be enforced, = if you will do so, it will be well:7.peregrinis in senatum allectis, libellus propositus est: bonum factum, ne quis senatori novo curiam monstrare velit,
Suet. Caes. 80:et Chaldaeos edicere: bonum factum, ne Vitellius... usquam esset,
id. Vit. 14:hac die Carthaginem vici: bonum factum, in Capitolium eamus, et deos supplicemus,
Aur. Vict. 49; cf.:o edictum, cui adscribi non poterit bonum factum,
Tert. Pud. 1.—Bona gratia.(α).A friendly understanding:(β).cur non videmus inter nos haec potius cum bona Ut componantur gratia quam cum mala?
Ter. Phorm. 4, 3, 17; so,per gratiam bonam abire,
to part with good feelings, Plaut. Mil. 4, 3, 33.—In jest: sine bona gratia abire, of things cast away, Plaut Truc. 2, 7, 15.—Pleon., in the phrase bonam gratiam habere, = gratiam habere, to thank (v. B. 2. k.), Plaut. Rud. 2, 5, 32; id. Bacch. 4, 8, 99.—8.Bona pars.(α).The well-disposed part of a body of persons:(β).ut plerumque fit, major pars (i. e. of the senate) meliorem vicit,
Liv. 21, 4, 1:pars melior senatus ad meliora responsa trahere,
id. 7, 21, 6.—The good party, i. e. the optimates (gen. in plur.):(γ).civem bonarum partium,
Cic. Sest. 32, 77:(fuit) meliorum partium aliquando,
id. Cael. 6, 13:qui sibi gratiam melioris partis velit quaesitam,
Liv. 2, 44, 3.—Paronom.: (Roscius) semper partium in re publica tam quam in scaena optimarum, i. e. party and part in a drama, Cic. Sest. 56, 120.—Of things or persons, a considerable part (cf. a good deal):(δ).bonam partem ad te adtulit,
Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 43:bonam partem sermonis in hunc diem esse dilatam,
Cic. Or. 2, 3, 14:bonam magnamque partem exercitus,
Val. Max. 5, 2, ext. 4:bona pars noctium,
Quint. 12, 11, 19:bona pars hominum,
Hor. S. 1, 1, 61:meae vocis... bona pars,
id. C. 4, 2, 46; so id. A. P. 297; Ov. P. 1, 8, 74:melior pars diei,
Verg. A. 9, 156.—Rarely, and mostly eccl. Lat.: optima pars, the best part or lot:(ε).nostri melior pars animus est,
Sen. Q. N. 1, prooem. § 14; cf.:quae pars optima est in homine,
best, most valuable, Cic. Tusc. 5, 23, 67:major pars aetatis, certe melior reipublicae data sit,
Sen. Brev. Vit. 18, 1:Maria optimam partem elegit, quae non auferetur ab ea,
Vulg. Luc. 10, 42.—Adverb.:(ζ).bonam partem = ex magna parte,
Lucr. 6, 1249.—Aliquem in optimam partem cognoscere, to know somebody from his most favorable side, Cic. Off. 2, 13, 46: aliquid in optimam partem accipere, to take something in good part, interpret it most favorably:9.Caesar mihi ignoscit quod non venerim, seseque in optimam partem id accipere dicit,
id. Att. 10, 3 a, 2; id. ad Brut. 1, 2, 3:quaeso ut hoc in bonam partem accipias,
id. Rosc. Am. 16, 45.—Dies bonus or bona.(α).A day of good omen, a fortunate day (= dies laetus, faustus):(β).tum tu igitur die bono, Aphrodisiis, addice, etc.,
Plaut. Poen. 2, 49:nunc dicenda bona sunt bona verba die,
Ov. F. 1, 72.—A beautiful, serene day, Sen. Vit. Beat. 22, 3.—10.Bonus mos.(α).Boni mores, referring to individuals, good, decent, moral habits:(β).nihil est amabilius quam morum similitudo bonorum,
Cic. Off. 1, 17, 56:nam hic nimium morbus mores invasit bonos,
Plaut. Trin. 1, 1, 6:domi militiaeque boni mores colebantur,
Sall. C. 9, 1:propter ejus suavissimos et optimos mores,
Cic. Phil. 3, 5, 13:cum per tot annos matronae optimis moribus vixerint,
Liv. 34, 6, 9:mores meliores,
Plaut. Aul. 3, 5, 18.—Bonus mos or boni mores, in the abstract, morality, the laws, rules of morality: ei vos morigerari mos bonu'st, it is a rule of morality that you should, etc., Plaut. Capt. 2, 1, 4:11.ex optimo more et sanctissima disciplina,
Cic. Phil. 2, 28, 69:neglegentia boni moris,
Sen. Ep. 97, 1.—Jurid. t. t.:conventio, mandatum contra bonos mores,
in conflict with morality, Quint. 3, 1, 57; Dig. 16, 3, 1, § 7; Gai. Inst. 3, 157 et saep. —Adverbial phrases.a.Bono animo esse, or bonum animum habere.(α).To be of good cheer or courage:(β).bono animo es! Liberabit ille te homo,
Plaut. Merc 3, 1, 33; so id. Aul. 4, 10, 61; id. Mil. 4, 8, 32; id. Rud. 3, 3, 17; Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 4; id. Heaut. 4, 6, 18; id. Ad. 2, 4, 20; 3, 5, 1; 4, 2, 4; 4, 5, 62; id. Phorm. 5, 8, 72:animo bono es,
Plaut. Ps. 1, 3, 103; id. Am. 2, 2, 48; 5, 2, 1:bono animo es, inquit Scrofa, et fiscinam expedi,
Varr. R. R. 1, 26:bono animo sint et tui et mei familiares,
Cic. Fam. 6, 18, 1; 6, 10, 29:bono animo esse jubere eam consul,
Liv. 39, 13, 7:habe modo bonum animum,
Plaut. Capt. 1, 2, 58; so id. Am. 1, 3, 47; id. Truc. 2, 6, 44; id. Aul. 2, 2, 15:habe animum bonum,
id. Cas. 2, 6, 35; id. Ep. 2, 2, 1; 4, 2, 31:bonum animum habe,
Liv. 45, 8, 5:clamor ortus ut bonum animum haberet,
id. 8, 32, 1; so Sen. Ep. 87, 38.—Bono animo esse, or facere aliquid, to be of a good or friendly disposition, or to do with good, honest intentions:(γ).audire jubet vos imperator histricus, bonoque ut animo sedeant in subselliis qui, etc.,
Plaut. Poen. prol. 5: sunt enim (consules) [p. 246] optimo animo, summo consilio, of the best disposition, Cic. Phil. 3, 1, 2:bono te animo tum populus Romanus... dicere existimavit ea quae sentiebatis, sed, etc.,
id. Imp. Pomp. 19, 56:quod nondum bono animo in populum Romanum viderentur,
Caes. B. G. 1, 6; Quint. 7, 4, 15.—Bonus animus, good temper, patience:b.bonus animus in mala re dimidium mali est,
Plaut. Ps. 1, 5, 37:vos etiam hoc animo meliore feratis,
Ov. M. 9, 433.—Bono modo.(α).= placide, with composure, moderation:(β).si quis quid deliquerit, pro noxa bono modo vindicet,
Cato, R. R. 5:haec tibi tam sunt defendenda quam moenia, mihi autem bono modo, tantum quantum videbitur,
Cic. Ac. 2, 44, 137.—In a decent manner:c.neu quisquam prohibeto filium quin amet... quod bono fiat modo,
Plaut. Merc. 5, 4, 62. —Jure optimo or optimo jure, with good, perfect right:II.te ipse jure optumo incuses licet,
Plaut. Most. 3, 2, 23; id. Rud. 2, 6, 53:ut jure optimo me deserere posses,
Cic. Fam. 3, 8, 6; Sen. Ot. Sap. 2 (29), 2.—With pass. or intr. verb, deservedly:ne jure optimo irrideamur,
Cic. Off. 1, 31, 111; cf. id. ib. 1, 42, 151; id. Marcell. 1, 4;similarly, optimo judicio,
Val. Max. 2, 9, 2.As subst.A.bŏnus, boni, m.; of persons.1.In sing. or plur. orig. = bonus vir, boni viri; v. I. A. 1. a. b, supra, a morally good man.(α).Plur.:(β).bonis quod bene fit haud perit,
Plaut. Rud. 4, 3, 2; id. Capt. 2, 2, 108; id. Trin. 2, 1, 55; id. Pers. 4, 5, 2:melius apud bonos quam apud fortunatos beneficium collocari puto,
Cic. Off. 2, 20, 71:verum esse ut bonos boni diligant, quamobrem... bonis inter bonos quasi necessariam (esse) benevolentiam,
id. Lael. 14, 50:diverso itinere malos a bonis loca taetra... habere,
Sall. C. 52, 13; 7, 2; 52, 22:oderunt peccare boni virtutis amore,
Hor. Ep. 1, 16, 52:tam bonis quam malis conduntur urbes,
Sen. Ben. 4, 28, 4; so id. Vit. Beat. 15, 6; Quint. 9, 2, 76.—Rarely bŏnae, arum, f., good women:quia omnes bonos bonasque adcurare addecet, etc.,
Plaut. Trin. 1, 2, 41.—Sing.:2.malus bonum malum esse volt ut sit sui similis,
Plaut. Trin. 2, 2, 8:nec enim cuique bono mali quidquam evenire potest,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 41, 99; cf.:qui meliorem audax vocet in jus,
Hor. S. 2, 5, 29.—Bonus, a man of honor.(α).A brave man:(β).pro qua (patria) quis bonus dubitet mortem oppetere si ei sit profuturus?
Cic. Off. 1, 17, 57:libertatem quam nemo bonus nisi cum anima simul amittat,
Sall. C. 33, 5:fortes creantur fortibus et bonis,
Hor. C. 4, 4, 29 (opp. ignavi):fama impari boni atque ignavi erant,
Sall. J. 57, 6; 53, 8; id. C. 11, 2. —A gentleman:3. (α).quis enim umquam, qui paululum modo bonorum consuetudinem nosset, litteras ad se ab amico missas... in medium protulit?
Cic. Phil. 2, 4, 7.—In gen. (of political sentiments, = optimates, opp. populares, seditiosi, perditi cives, etc.;(β).so usu. in Cic.): meam causam omnes boni proprie enixeque susceperant,
Cic. Sest. 16, 38:audaces homines et perditi nutu impelluntur... boni, nescio quomodo, tardiores sunt, etc.,
id. ib. 47, 100:ego Kal. Jan. senatum et bonos omnes legis agrariae... metu liberavi,
id. Pis. 2, 4:etenim omnes boni, quantum in ipsis fuit, Caesarem occiderunt,
id. Phil. 2, 13, 29; id. Fam. 5, 2, 8; 5, 21, 2; id. Sest. 2, 5; 16, 36; 48, 103; id. Planc. 35, 86; id. Mil. 2, 5; id. Off. 2. 12, 43:maledictis increpat omnes bonos,
Sall. C. 21, 4; 19, 2; 33, 3; Hirt. B. G. 8, 22; so,optimi,
Cic. Leg. 3, 17, 37; and, ironically, boni identified with the rich:bonorum, id est lautorum et locupletum,
id. Att. 8, 1, 3.—Without reference to political views;4.opp. vulgus (rare): nihil ego istos moror fatuos mores quibus boni dedecorant se,
Plaut. Trin. 2, 2, 22:semper in civitate quibus opes nullae sunt bonis invident,
Sall. C. 37, 3:elatus est sine ulla pompa funeris, comitantibus omnibus bonis, maxima vulgi frequentia,
Nep. Att. 22, 2.—So, mĕlĭōres, um, m., one ' s betters:ut quaestui habeant male loqui melioribus,
Plaut. Poen. 3, 3, 13:da locum melioribus,
Ter. Phorm. 3, 2, 37.—Boni, bone, in addresses, as an expression of courtesy, Hor. S. 2, 2, 1; 2, 6, 51; 2, 6, 95; id. Ep. 2, 2, 37; ironice, id. S. 2, 3, 31.—5.Optimus quisque = quivis bonus, omnes boni.(α).Referring to morality:(β).esse aliquid natura pulcrum quod optimus quisque sequeretur,
every good man, Cic. Sen. 13, 43:qui ita se gerebant ut sua consilia optimo cuique probarent, optimates habebantur,
id. Sest. 45, 96; id. Off. 1, 43, 154; id. Fin. 1, 7, 24; id. Sest. 54, 115; and = even the best:quare deus optimum quemque mala valetudine adficit?
Sen. Prov. 4, 8.—Of the educated classes:(γ). (δ).adhibenda est quaedam reverentia adversus homines, et optimi cujusque et reliquorum,
Cic. Off. 1, 28, 99; cf. id. ib. 1, 25, 85:Catilina plerisque consularibus, praeterea optumo cuique, litteras mittit,
Sall. C. 34, 2:optimo cuique infesta libertas,
Sen. Ot. Sap. 8, 2 (32 fin.).—In gen., excellent:(ε).optimus quisque facere quam dicere... malebat,
Sall. C. 8, 5.—Distributively:(ζ).ita imperium semper ad optumum quemque a minus bono transfertur,
to the best man in each instance, Sall. C. 2, 6.—Referring to another superlative ( = quo quisque melior eo magis, etc.):(η).hic aditus laudis qui semper optimo cuique maxime patuit,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 1, 1; so id. Lael. 4, 14; id. Inv. 2, 11, 36; Sen. Vit. Beat. 18, 1.—Attributively, with a noun:2. 1.optimam quamque causam,
Cic. Sest. 43, 93:optima quaeque dies,
Verg. G. 3, 66.Bonum, or plur. bona, a good, or goods in a moral and metaphysical sense, a moral good, a blessing: sunt autem hae de finibus defensae sententiae: nihil bonum nisi honestum, ut Stoici; nihil bonum nisi voluptatem, ut Epicurus;2.nihil bonum nisi vacuitatem doloris, ut Hieronymus... tria genera bonorum, maxima animi, secunda corporis, externa tertia, ut Peripatetici, etc.,
Cic. Tusc. 5, 30, 84 sq.:quid est igitur bonum? Si quid recte fit et honeste et cum virtute, id bene fieri vere dicitur, et quod rectum et honestum et cum virtute est, id solum opinor bonum,
id. Par. 1, 1, 9:ut quis intellegat, quid sit illud simplex et verum bonum quod non possit ab honestate sejungi,
id. Ac. 1, 2, 7:non-est igitur voluptas bonum,
id. Fin. 1, 11, 39: finis bonorum et malorum (telos agathôn) = summa bona et mala:sunt nonnullae disciplinae quae, propositis bonorum et malorum finibus, officium omne pervertant. Nam qui summum bonum sic instituit ut, etc.,
id. Off. 1, 2, 5; cf. id. Par. 1, 3, 14; id. Ac. 2, 9, 29; 2, 36, 114; 2, 42, 129; id. Fin. 1, 9, 29; 1, 12, 42; id. Tusc. 4, 31, 66; Sen. Vit. Beat. 24, 5; id. Ep. 117, 1 et saep.—Bonum, what is valuable, beneficial, estimable, favorable, pleasant, physically or mentally:3.quoi boni Tantum adfero quantum ipsus a diis optat,
Plaut. Capt. 4, 1, 9:multa bona vobis volt facere,
will do you much good, id. Poen. 5, 4, 60; id. Am. prol. 43, 49; id. Pers. 4, 8, 4; 2, 3, 14; id. Cas. 2, 8, 32:tum demum nostra intellegemus bona quom ea amisimus,
id. Capt. 1, 2, 33:multa tibi di dent bona,
id. Poen. 1, 1, 80; cf. id. ib. 3, 3, 54; 3, 3, 74; id. Mil. 3, 1, 120; id. Men. 3, 3, 34; id. Pers. 4, 3, 23; id. Truc. 1, 2, 23; id. Merc. 1, 2, 40; id. Most. 1, 1, 47:omnia Bona dicere,
to speak in the highest terms of one, Ter. And. 1, 1, 70:sed ne vivus quidem bono caret, si eo non indiget,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 36, 88:cum quaecumque bona Peripateticis, eadem Stoicis commoda viderentur,
id. ib. 5, 41, 120:nihil enim boni nosti,
nothing that is good for any thing, id. Phil. 2, 7, 16:mala pro bonis legere dementia est,
Sen. Vit. Beat. 6, 1; Val. Max. 5, 3, ext. 3 fin.; Hor. S. 1, 2, 73:quia bonum sit valere,
a good thing, Cic. Fin. 4, 23, 62 (cf. III. A. 5. infra):melius: quo quidem haud scio an... quidquam melius sit homini a dis immortalibus datum,
id. Lael. 6, 20:meliora... Aristotelem de istis rebus scripsisse,
id. Or. 1, 10, 43:optimum: difficillimum est formam exponere optimi,
id. ib. 11, 36.— Here belongs the phrase boni consulere;v. consulo.—So after prepositions: in bonum vertere, v. under verto: in melius ire,
to change for the better, Tac. A. 12, 68.—In the same sense: in melius aliquid referre, or reflectere ( poet.), Verg. A. 1, 281; 11, 426; 10, 632:ad melius transcurrere,
to pass over to something better, Hor. S. 2, 2, 82.—Bonum or bona, prosperity:4.fortiter malum qui patitur, idem post patitur bonum,
Plaut. As. 2, 2, 58:nulli est homini perpetuum bonum,
id. Curc. 1, 3, 33:unā tecum bona, mala tolerabimus,
Ter. Phorm. 3, 3, 23:quibus in bonis fuerint et nunc quibus in malis sint, ostenditur ( = in secundis, in adversis rebus),
Cic. Inv. 1, 55, 107.—Good qualities, gifts:5.omnia adsunt bona, quem penes'st virtus,
Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 30:magnis illi et divinis bonis hanc licentiam adsequebantur,
Cic. Off. 1, 41, 148:nisi qui se suā gravitate et castimoniā... tum etiam naturali quodam bono defenderet, etc.,
id. Cael. 5, 11:hunc meā sententiā divinis quibusdam bonis instructum atque ornatum puto,
id. ib. 17, 39:non intellego quod bonum cuiquam sit apud tales viros profuturum,
id. Balb. 28, 63:gaude isto tuo tam excellenti bono,
id. Marcell. 6, 19; so id. Imp. Pomp. 16, 49.—Advantage, benefit:6.si plus adipiscare, re explicatā, boni, quam addubitatā mali,
Cic. Off. 1, 24, 83:saepe cogitavi bonine an mali plus adtulerit... eloquentiae studium,
id. Inv. 1, 1, 1; 2, 35, 106; id. Off. 2, 2, 5; id. Sest. 10, 24:maximum bonum in celeritate ponebat,
Sall. C. 43, 4; so, bono publico (abl.), for the public good:hoc ita si fit, publico fiat bono,
Plaut. Trin. 1, 2, 183; Liv. 2, 44, 3; Dig. 41, 3, 1.—With aequum, what is fair and good, the fair ( thing), fairness, equity:7. a.si bonum aequomque oras,
Plaut. Most. 3, 1, 149; so id. Pers. 3, 1, 71; id. Rud. 1, 2, 94; id. Men. 4, 2, 11:si tu aliquam partem aequi bonique dixeris,
Ter. Phorm. 4, 3, 32; id. Heaut. 4, 1, 29; id. Ad. 1, 1, 39:a quo vivo nec praesens nec absens quidquam aequi bonique impetravit,
Cic. Phil. 2, 37, 94.—Hence, aequo et bono, or ex aequo et bono, in ( with) fairness, in equity, Ter. Ad. 5, 9, 30; Auct. Her. 2, 10, 14; 2, 12, 18; 2, 13, 20; Gai. Inst. 3, 137: aequi bonique, as gen. of value, with facere:istuc, Chreme, Aequi bonique facio,
I place a fair and proper value on it, Ter. Heaut. 4, 5, 40.—In gen.:b.paterna oportet reddi filio bona,
Plaut. Poen. 5, 2, 120:bona sua med habiturum omnia,
id. Truc. 2, 4, 49; cf. id. ib. 2, 7, 6; 4, 2, 29; id. Rud. 2, 6, 22; id. Most. 1, 3, 77; id. Trin. 4, 4, 3; Ter. Eun. 2, 2, 4:bona mea diripiebantur atque ad consulem deferebantur,
Cic. Sest. 24, 54:cum de capite, civis et de bonis proscriptio ferretur,
id. ib. 30, 65:bona, fortunas, possessiones omnium,
id. Caecin. 13, 38:at mulctantur bonis exsules,
id. Tusc. 5, 37, 106; id. Off. 2, 23, 81; id. Par. 1, 1, 7; id. Sest. 19, 42; 43, 94; 52, 111; id. Phil. 2, 26, 64; Caes. B. G. 7, 3; Liv. 2, 3, 5; 2, 5, 5; 4, 15, 8; Tac. A. 2, 48; Quint. 6, 1, 19 et saep.—Bonorum possessio, the possession of one ' s property by another.(α).Bonorum possessio in consequence of bonorum cessio, i. e. an assignment of one ' s property for the benefit of creditors, Dig. 42, tit. 3.—(β).Bonorum possessio granted by the prætor against a contumacious or insolvent debtor (in bona mittere, in bona ire jubere, bona possidere jubere, etc.); cf. Dig. 42, tit. 4:(γ).postulat a Burrieno Naevius ut ex edicto bona possidere liceat,
Cic. Quint. 6, 25, and the whole of c. 8:edixit... neu quis militis... bona possideret aut venderet,
Liv. 2, 24, 6:bona proscribere,
to offer the property thus transferred for sale, Cic. Quint. 6, 25.—Chiefly referring to the property of a defunct person (hereditas), where the prætor, till the heir had proved his right, granted a bonorum possessio secundum tabulas or contra tabulas, Dig. 37, tit. 4; 37, tit. 11.—c.In bonis esse;III.with reference to the older civil law, which distinguished between civil property (habere rem ex jure Quiritium) and natural property (rem in bonis habere, res in bonis est),
Gai. Inst. 2, 40, 41; Dig. 40, 12, 38, § 2; 37, 6, 2, § 1; 37, 6, 3, § 2; ib. Fragm. 1, 16; Gai. Inst. 1, 22; 1, 35; 1, 222; 1, 167; Dig. 1, 8, 1; 27, 10, 10:neque bonorum possessorum, neque... res pleno jure fiunt, sed in bonis efficiuntur,
ib. Fragm. 3, 80.—Hence, nullam omnino arbitrabamur de eā hereditate controversiam eum habiturum, et est hodie in bonis, i. e. [p. 247] the bonorum possessio has been granted to him, which did not give full ownership, but effected only that the hereditas was in bonis. Cic. Fam. 13, 30, 1.Predicative use.A.With nouns or pronouns as subjects.1.Bonum esse, to be morally good, honest:2.nunc mihi bonae necessum est esse ingratiis, Quamquam esse nolo,
Plaut. Cist. 2, 3, 82:bonam ego quam beatam me esse nimio dici mavolo,
id. Poen. 1, 2, 93; so id. Capt. 2, 1, 44; id. Men. 4, 2, 6; id. Rud. prol. 29:itaque viros fortes magnanimos eosdem, bonos et simplices... esse volumus,
Cic. Off. 1, 19, 63; cf. id. ib. 3, 21, 84; id. Att. 15, 6, 1:Cato esse quam videri bonus malebat,
Sall. C. 54, 5:ut politiora, non ut meliora fiant ingenia,
Val. Max. 5, 4, ext. 5 fin. —To be beneficial, prosperous, advantageous, valuable, favorable, serviceable, correct, with reference to both persons and things as subjects, and in regard to physical and mental relations:3.jam istuc non bonumst,
Plaut. Merc. 2, 2, 29; Cato, R. R. 157:oleum viridius et melius fiet,
id. ib. 3:vinum ut alvum bonam faciat,
to correct the bowels, id. ib. 156:quid est homini salute melius?
Plaut. As. 3, 3, 127:non optuma haec sunt, verum meliora quam deterruma,
id. Trin. 2, 3, 1:quid est quod huc possit quod melius sit accedere?
Cic. Fin. 1, 12, 41; 1, 18, 57; id. Tusc. 1, 41, 99:in quo (vestitu), sicut in plerisque rebus, mediocritas optima est,
id. Off. 1, 36, 130; 2, 17, 59; id. Inv. 1, 31, 51; id. Or. 2, 6; 11, 36:meliorem tamen militem... in futura proelia id certamen fecit,
Liv. 2, 51, 3:parvus ut est cygni melior canor, ille gruum quam Clamor,
Lucr. 4, 181; 4, 191:si meliora dies, ut vina, poemata reddit,
Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 34.—So in the optative formula:quod bonum, faustum, felixque sit,
Liv. 1, 28, 7; 1, 17, 10; 39, 15, 1; 3, 54;3, 34.—Also, quod bonum atque fortunatum mihi sit,
Plaut. Cas. 2, 6, 50;and with a noun as subject: ut nobis haec habitatio Bona, fausta, felix, fortunataque evenat,
Plaut. Trin. 1, 2, 3.—To be kind:4.bonus cum probis'st (erus), malus cum malis,
Plaut. Most. 4, 1, 22:hic si vellet bonus ac benignus Esse,
Hor. S. 1, 2, 52.—With reference to the gods:B.ecastor ambae (Fortuna et Salus sunt bonae,
Plaut. As. 3, 3, 129:Palladis aut oculos ausa negare bonos (esse),
Prop. 3, 24, 12 (2, 28, 12).—Impers.1.Bonum est (very rare for the class. bene est; v. bene).(α). (β).With subject inf.:2.nam et stulte facere, et stulte fabularier in aetate haud bonum est,
Plaut. Trin. 2, 4, 61:bonum est pauxillum amare, insane non bonum est,
id. Curc. 1, 3,20.—Melius est.(α).With subject inf.:(β).melius sanam est mentem sumere,
Plaut. Men. 5, 2, 51:nihil sentire est melius quam tam prava sentire,
Cic. Ac. 2, 40, 125; cf. id. Fin. 1, 19, 62; id. Off. 1, 43, 156; so,melius fuit, fuisset, or fuerat,
it would have been better, id. N. D. 3, 33; id. Sen. 23, 82; id. Off. 3, 25, 94:proinde quiesse erit melius,
Liv. 3, 48, 3; 3, 41, 3; Verg. A. 11, 303.—With subject inf.-clause:(γ).meliu'st te quae sunt mandata tibi praevortier,
Plaut. Merc. 2, 3, 125; id. Men. 5, 9, 32.—With ut-clause:(δ).quid melius quam ut hinc intro abeam et me suspendam clanculum,
Plaut. Rud. 4, 4, 145; so id. Ps. 4, 7, 18.—With subjectclause in the subjunctive:3.nunc quid mihi meliu'st quam ilico hic opperiar erum,
Plaut. Rud. 2, 2, 22.—Optimum est.(α).With subject inf.:(β).optimum visum est, captivos quam primum deportare,
Liv. 23, 34, 8:si quis dicit optimum esse navigare,
Sen. Ot. Sap. 8, 4 (32 fin.); so, optimum fuit, it would have been better, and optimum erat, it would be better, Quint. 6, prooem. 3; 11, 2, 33; Hor. S. 2, 1, 7.—With inf.-clause:(γ).constituerunt optimum esse, domum suam quemque reverti,
Caes. B. G. 2, 10: optimum visum est, in fluctuantem aciem tradi equos, etc., Liv 6, 24, 10; 22, 27, 6.—With ut and subj:(δ).hoc vero optimum, ut is qui, etc., id ultimum bonorum, id ipsum quid et quale sit nesciat,
Cic. Fin. 2, 3, 6.—With quod:(ε).illa vero optima (sunt) quod cum Haluntium venisset Archagathum vocari jussit,
Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 23, § 51:optimum vero (est) quod dictaturae nomen in perpetuum de re publica sustulisti,
id. Phil. 2, 36, 91.—With second sup., in the phrase optumum factu est (where factu is redundant):IV.sed hoc mihi optumum factu arbitror,
Plaut. Stich. 1, 2, 16:optimum factu esse duxerant frumento... nostros prohibere,
Caes. B. G. 4, 30:optumum factu credens exercitum augere,
Sall. C. 32, 1 (Kritz, factum); 57, 5 (Kritz, factum).Ellipt. use: di meliora, i. e. dent or velint, i. e. let the gods grant better things than what you say, etc.; God forbid! in full:V.di melius duint,
Ter. Phorm. 5, 9, 16:di meliora velint!
Ov. M. 7, 37.—Ellipt.:di meliora! inquit,
Cic. Sen. 14, 47:id ubi mulier audivit, perturbata, dii meliora inquit, etc.,
Liv. 39, 10, 2; 9, 9, 6; Verg. G. 3, 513;similarly, di melius, i. e. fecerunt,
Val. Max. 6, 1, ext. 3.With object expressed,1.By dat.(α).= good, useful, beneficial for:(β).ambula, id lieni optumum est,
Plaut. Curc. 2, 1, 25:quia vobis eadem quae mihi bona malaque esse intellexi,
Sall. C. 20, 3:bona bello Cornus, jaculis, etc.,
Verg. G. 2, 447.—= benignus or propitius, kind to:(γ).vicinis bonus esto,
Cato, R. R. 4:bene merenti mala es, male merenti bona es,
Plaut. As. 1, 2, 3:vos o mihi Manes, Este boni,
Verg. A. 12, 647.—= idoneus, fit for, adapted to:(δ).qui locus vino optimus dicetur esse,
Cato, R. R. 6:tum erit ei rei optumum tempus,
id. ib. 26:terra cui putre solum, Optima frumentis,
Verg. G. 2, 205; 2, 319; 1, 286.—With sum and dat., in the phrase alicui bono est, it is of service to one, profits him:(ε).accusant in quibus occidi patrem Sex. Roscii bono fuit,
Cic. Rosc. Am. 5, 13:bono fuisse Romanis adventum eorum constabat,
Liv. 7, 12, 4.—Hence, with rel. dat.: cui bono (est), for whose advantage it is:quod si quis usurpet illud Cassianum cui bono fuerit, etc.,
Cic. Phil. 2, 14, 35:cui bono fuisset,
id. Rosc. Am. 30, 84; id. Mil. 12, 32 Ascon. ad loc.; cf.ellipt. form cui bono?
Prisc. p. 1208 P.—With dat. gerund:2.ager oleto conserundo qui in Favonium spectavit, aliis bonus nullus erit,
Cato, R. R. 6; Varr. R. R. 1, 24:(mons) quia pecori bonus alendo erat,
Liv. 29, 31; 9, 10.—By ad and acc.:refert et ad quam rem bona aut non bona sit,
Varr. R. R. 1, 91:occasio quaeritur idoneane fuerit ad rem adoriendam, an alia melior,
Auct. Her. 2, 4, 7:non campos modo militi Romano ad proelium bonos, etc.,
Tac. A. 2, 14. -
19 bonus
bŏnus (old form dŭonus, Carm. Sall. ap. Varr. L. L. 7, § 26 Mull.; cf. Paul. ex Fest. p. 67 Mull.), a, um, adj. [for duonus, cf. bellum, bis, and cf. root dvi-; hence deidô, deos], good; comp. melior, us [cf. Gr. mala, mallon], better; sup. optimus ( optumus, ante-class. and often class.) [root opof ops, opes; cf. copia, apiscor], best.I.Attributively.A.As adjunct of nouns denoting persons.1.Vir bonus.(α).A man morally good (kalos kagathos):(β).quoniam boni me viri pauperant, improbi alunt,
Plaut. Poen. 5, 4, 60:omnibus virtutibus instructos et ornatos tum sapientes, tum viros bonos dicimus,
Cic. Tusc. 5, 10, 28:ille vir bonus qui... intolerabili dolore lacerari potius quam aut officium prodat aut fidem,
id. Ac. 2, 8, 23:sive vir bonus est is qui prodest quibus potest, nocet nemini, certe istum virum bonum non facile reperimus,
id. Off. 3, 15, 64:qui se ita gerunt ut eorum probitas, fides, integritas, etc.... hos viros bonos... appellandos putemus,
id. Lael. 5, 19:non intellegunt se de callido homine loqui, non de bono viro,
id. Att. 7, 2, 4:ut quisque est vir optimus, ita difficillime esse alios improbos suspicatur,
id. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 4, § 12:nec enim melior vir fuit Africano quisquam, nec clarior,
id. Lael. 2, 6; id. Leg. 1, 14, 41; 1, 18, 48; id. Planc. 4, 9; id. Par. 3, 1, 21; id. Marcell. 6, 20; id. Fam. 7, 21; id. Off. 2, 16, 57.—An honest man:(γ).justitia, ex qua viri boni nominantur,
Cic. Off. 1, 7, 21; 1, 44, 155; 2, 11, 39; 2, 12, 42; 2, 20, 71;3, 12, 50: cum is sponsionem fecisset ni vir bonus esset,
id. ib. 3, 19, 77:quoniam Demosthenes nec vir bonus esset, nec bene meritus de civitate,
id. Opt. Gen. 7, 20; cf. id. Rosc. Am. 40, 116.—A man of good standing in the community:(δ).id viri boni arbitratu deducetur,
Cato, R. R. 143; so id. ib. 149:tuam partem viri bono arbitratu... dari oportet,
Dig. 17, 1, [p. 244] 35;37, 6, 2, § 2: quem voles virum bonum nominato,
Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 25, § 55:vir bonus est... quo res sponsore, et quo causae teste tenentur,
Hor. Ep. 1, 16, 40.—Hence, ironically of wealthy men:praetores jus dicunt, aediles ludos parant, viri boni usuras perscribunt,
Cic. Att. 9, 12, 3.—Ironically of bad men:(ε).sed eccum lenonem Lycum, bonum virum,
Plaut. Poen. 5, 5, 52; Ter. Eun. 5, 3, 9; 4, 3, 18; id. Ad. 3, 4, 30:expectabam quinam isti viri boni testes hujus manifesto deprehensi veneni dicerentur,
Cic. Cael. 26, 63:nam socer ejus, vir multum bonus est,
id. Agr. 3, 3, 13;so especially in addresses (mostly comic.): age tu, illuc procede, bone vir!
Plaut. Capt. 5, 2, 1; id. Curc. 5, 2, 12; id. Ps. 4, 7, 48; id. Pers. 5, 2, 11; Ter. And. 3, 5, 10; 5, 2, 5; id. Ad. 4, 2, 17; id. Eun. 5, 2, 11:quid tu, vir optime? Ecquid habes quod dicas?
Cic. Rosc. Am. 36, 104.—Sometimes boni viri = boni, in the sense of optimates (v. I. A. 3.):(ζ).bonis viris quid juris reliquit tribunatus C. Gracchi?
Cic. Leg. 3, 9, 20.—As a conventional courtesy:2.homines optimi non intellegunt, etc.,
Cic. Fin. 1, 7, 25:bone accusator,
id. Rosc. Am. 21, 58:sic illum amicum vocasti, quomodo omnes candidatos bonos viros dicimus,
gentlemen, Sen. Ep. 3, 1.—For bonus vir, a good husband, v. 3.; and for vir optimus, as a laudatory epithet, v. 5.—Boni homines (rare) = boni, better classes of society, v. II. A. 3:3.in foro infimo boni homines atque dites ambulant,
Plaut. Curc. 4, 1, 14.—With nouns denoting persons in regard to their functions, offices, occupations, and qualities, denoting excellence:4.bonus consul,
Liv. 4, 40, 6; 22, 39, 2 (different: consules duos, bonos quidem, sed dumtaxat bonos, amisimus, consuls of good sentiments, almost = bad consuls, Cic. ad Brut. 1, 3, 4):boni tribuni plebis,
Cic. Phil. 1, 10, 25:bonus senator,
id. Prov. Cons. 15, 37:senator bonus,
id. Dom. 4, 8:bonus judex,
id. Verr. 2, 4, 15, § 34:bonus augur (ironically),
id. Phil. 2, 32, 80:bonus vates,
Plaut. Mil. 3, 3, 27:bonus imperator,
Sall. C. 60, 4:bonus dux,
Quint. 12, 1, 43 (cf. trop.:naturam, optimam ducem,
the best guide, Cic. Sen. 2, 5):bonus miles,
Sall. C. 60, 4; Sen. Vit. Beat. 15, 5:bonus orator,
Cic. Fin. 1, 3, 10:optimus orator,
id. Opt. Gen. 1, 3:poeta bonus,
id. de Or. 1, 3, 11; 2, 46, 194; id. Fin. 1, 3, 10:scriptor bonus,
Quint. 10, 1, 104:bonus advocatus,
id. 5, 13, 10:bonus defensor,
id. 5, 13, 3:bonus altercator,
a good debater, id. 6, 4, 10:bonus praeceptor,
id. 5, 13, 44; 10, 5, 22:bonus gubernator,
Cic. Ac. 2, 31, 100:optimus opifex,
Hor. S. 1, 3, 133:sutor bonus,
id. ib. 1, 3, 125:actor optimus,
Cic. Sest. 57, 122:cantor optimus est modulator,
Hor. S. 1, 3, 130:melior gladiator,
Ov. Tr. 4, 6, 33: agricola (colonus, dominus) bonus, Cato, R. R. prooem.; Cic. Sen. 16, 56:bonus paterfamilias,
a thrifty head of the house, Nep. Att. 13, 1:bonus servus,
Plaut. Trin. 4, 3, 58; id. Am. 2, 1, 46; id. Men. 5, 6, 1; Cic. Mil. 22, 58:dominus bonus,
Cato, R. R. 14:bonus custos,
Plaut. Truc. 4, 3, 38.—Ironically, Ter. Phorm. 2, 1, 57:filius bonus,
Plaut. Am. 3, 4, 9:patres,
Quint. 11, 3, 178:parens,
id. 6, prooem. 4: bonus (melior, optimus), viz. a good husband, Cic. Inv. 1, 31, 51 sq.; Liv. 1, 9, 15:uxor melior,
Cic. Inv. 1, 31, 52:amicus,
id. Fam. 2, 15, 3:amicus optimus,
Plaut. Cas. 3, 3, 18:optimus testis,
Cic. Fam. 7, 27, 2:auctor, in two senses,
good authority, id. Att. 5, 12, 3;and = bonus scriptor (post-class.),
Quint. 10, 1, 74.—Esp.:bonus civis (rarely civis bonus): in re publica ea velle quae tranquilla et honesta sint: talem enim solemus et sentire bonum civem et dicere, Cic.-Off. 1, 34, 124: eaque est summa ratio et sapientia boni civis, commoda civium non divellere, atque omnes aequitate eadem continere,
id. ib. 2, 23, 83:eum esse civem et fidelem et bonum,
Plaut. Pers. 1, 2, 15; Cic. Fam. 2, 8, 2; 1, 9, 10; 3, 12, 1; 6, 6, 11; id. Off. 1, 44, 155; Liv. 22, 39, 3; Sall. H. Fragm. 1, 10 Dietsch:optimus et fortissimus civis,
Cic. Fam. 12, 2, 3; id. Sest. 17, 39.—Bonus and optimus as epithets of the gods.(α).In gen.:(β).sed te bonus Mercurius perdat,
Plaut. Cas. 2, 3, 23:fata... bonique divi,
Hor. C. 4, 2, 38:divis orte bonis,
id. ib. 4, 5, 1:O bone deus!
Scrib. Comp. 84 fin.: BONORVM DEORVM, Inscr. ap. Cic. N. D. 3, 34, 84: totidem, pater optime, dixi, Tu mihi da cives, referring to Jupiter, Ov. M. 7, 627.—Optimus Maximus, a standing epithet of Jupiter:(γ).(Juppiter) a majoribus nostris Optimus Maximus (nominatur), et quidem ante optimus, id est beneficentissimus, quam Maximus,
Cic. N. D. 2, 25, 64:Jovem optimum et maximum ob eas res appellant, non quod, etc.,
id. ib. 3, 36, 87:in templo Jovis Optimi Maximi,
id. Sest. 56, 129; id. Prov. Cons. 9, 22:nutu Jovis Optimi Maximi,
id. Cat. 3, 9, 21; Liv. 1, 12, 7; id. 6, 16, 2.—Di boni, O di boni, expressing indignation, sorrow, or surprise:(δ).di boni, hunc visitavi antidhac!
Plaut. Ep. 4, 1, 16:di boni, boni quid porto!
Ter. And. 2, 2, 1:di boni, quid hoc morbi est,
id. Eun. 2, 1, 19; id. Heaut. 2, 3, 13; id. Ad. 3, 3, 86:alter, O di boni, quam taeter incedebat!
Cic. Sest. 8, 19; id. Brut. 84, 288; id. Phil. 2, 8, 20; 2, 32, 80; id. Att. 1, 16, 5; 14, 21, 2; Val. Max. 3, 5, 1; Sen. Vit. Beat. 2, 3.—Bona Dea, etc., v. 6.—5.Optimus as a laudatory epithet.(α).Vir optimus:(β).per vos nobis, per optimos viros optimis civibus periculum inferre conantur,
Cic. Sest. 1, 2:virum optimum et constantissimum M. Cispium,
id. ib. 35, 76:fratrem meum, virum optimum, fortissimum,
id. ib.:consolabor hos praesentes, viros optimos,
id. Balb. 19, 44; id. Planc. 21, 51; 23, 55; id. Mil. 14, 38; id. Marcell. 4, 10; id. Att. 5, 1, 5; Hor. S. 1, 6, 53.—Femina bona, optima:(γ).tua conjunx bona femina,
Cic. Phil. 3, 6, 16:hujus sanctissimae feminae atque optimae pater,
id. ib. —Senex, pater, frater, etc.:(δ).optimus: parentes ejus, prudentissimi atque optimi senis,
Cic. Planc. 41, 97:insuevit pater optimus hoc me,
Hor. S. 1, 4, 105; 2, 1, 12:C. Marcelli, fratris optimi,
Cic. Fam. 4, 7, 6; id. Q. Fr. 2, 6 (8), 2; 2, 4, 2.—With proper names ( poet.):(ε).optimus Vergilius,
Hor. S. 1, 6, 54:Maecenas optimus,
id. ib. 1, 5, 27:optime Quinti,
id. Ep. 1, 16, 1.—Esp. as an epithet of the Roman emperors:6.quid tam civile, tam senatorium quam illud, additum a nobis Optimi cognomen?
Plin. Pan. 2, 7:gratias, inquit, ago, optime Princeps!
Sen. Tranq. 14. 4:ex epistula optimi imperatoris Antonini,
Gai. Inst. 1, 102; cf.:bene te patriae pater optime Caesar,
Ov. F. 2, 637:optime Romulae Custos gentis,
Hor. C. 4, 5, 1.—Bonus and Bona, names of deities.(α).Bona Dea, the goddess of Chastity, whose temple could not be entered by males (cf. Macr. S. 1, 12; Lact. 1, 22):(β).Bonae Deae pulvinaribus,
Cic. Pis. 39, 95; id. Mil. 31, 86; id. Fam. 1, 9, 15; cf.in mal. part.,
Juv. 2, 86 sq.; 6, 314 sq.; 6, 335 sq.—Bonus Eventus, Varr. R. R. 1, 1 med.; Amm. 29, 6, 19; Inscr. Orell. 907; 1780 sq.—(γ).Bona Fortuna:(δ).si bona Fortuna veniat, ne intromiseris,
Plaut. Aul. 1, 3, 22:Bonae Fortunae (signum),
Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 3, § 7:FORTVNAE BONAE DOMESTICAE,
Inscr. Orell. 1743 sq. —Bona Spes:(ε).Spes Bona, obsecro, subventa mihi,
Plaut. Rud. 1, 4, 12:BONAE SPEI,
Aug. Inscr. Grut. 1075, 1.—BONA MENS, Inscr. Orell. 1818 sqq.:B.Mens Bona, si qua dea es, tua me in sacraria dono,
Prop. 3, 24, 19.With nouns denoting things.1.Things concrete, denoting excellence:2.navis bona dicitur non quae pretiosis coloribus picta est... sed stabilis et firma,
Sen. Ep. 76, 13:gladium bonum dices, non cui auratus est balteus, etc., sed cui et ad secandum subtilis acies est, et, etc.,
id. ib. 76, 14:id vinum erit lene et bono colore,
Cato, R. R. 109; Lucr. 2, 418; Ov. Am. 2, 7, 9:tabulas... collocare in bono lumine,
Cic. Brut. 75, 261: ex quavis olea oleum... bonum fieri potest. Cato, R. R. 3:per aestatem boves aquam bonam et liquidam bibant semper curato,
id. ib. 73; cf.:bonae aquae, ironically compared to wine,
Prop. 2, 33 (3, 31), 28:praedium bonum caelum habeat,
good temperature, Cato, R. R. 1:bona tempestate,
in good weather, Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 2, 4:(praedium) solo bono valeat,
by good soil, Cato, R. R. 1:bonae (aedes) cum curantur male,
Plaut. Most. 1, 2, 24:villam bonam,
Cic. Off. 3, 13, 55:bonus pons,
Cat. 17, 5:scyphi optimi (= optime facti),
Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 14, § 32:perbona toreumata,
id. ib. 2, 4, 18, §38: bona domicilia,
comfortable residences, id. N. D. 2, 37, 95:agrum Meliorem nemo habet,
Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 12:fundum meliorem,
Cic. Inv. 1, 31, 52: fundos optimos et fructuosissimos, id. Agr. 3, 4, 14:equus melior,
id. Inv. 1, 31, 52:bona cena,
Cat. 13, 3:boni nummi,
good, not counterfeit, Plaut. As. 3, 3, 144; Cic. Off. 3, 23, 91:super omnia vultus accessere boni,
good looks, Ov. M. 8, 678:mulier bona forma,
of a fine form, Ter. Heaut. 3, 2, 13:equus formae melioris,
Hor. S. 2, 7, 52:tam bona cervix, simul ac jussero, demetur,
fine, beautiful, Suet. Calig. 33:fruges bonae,
Cat. 34, 19:ova suci melioris,
of better flavor, Hor. S. 2, 4, 13.— Trop.:animus aequus optimum est aerumnae condimentum,
Plaut. Rud. 2, 3, 71: bona dextra, a lucky hand (cf.:bonum omen, 2. e.),
Quint. 6, 3, 69:scio te bona esse voce, ne clama nimis,
good, sound, loud voice, Plaut. Most. 3, 1, 43; so,bona firmaque vox,
Quint. 11, 3, 13.—Things abstract.a.Of physical well-being:b.ut si qui neget sine bona valetudine posse bene vivi,
Cic. Inv. 1, 51, 93; Sen. Vit. Beat. 22, 2; Lucr. 3, 102; Val. Max. 2, 5, 6; Quint. 10, 3, 26; 11, 2, 35 et saep.:non bonus somnus de prandio est,
Plaut. Most. 3, 2, 8:bona aetas,
prime of life, Cic. Sen. 14, 48:optima aetate,
id. Fam. 10, 3, 3.—Ironically:bona, inquis, aetate, etc.,
Sen. Ep. 76, 1.—Of the mind and soul:c.meliore esse sensu,
Cic. Sest. 21, 47:optima indoles,
id. Fin. 5, 22, 61:bona conscientia,
Quint. 6, 1, 33; 9, 2, 93; Sen. Vit. Beat. 20, 5:bono ingenio me esse ornatam quam auro multo mavolo,
with a good heart, Plaut. Poen. 1, 2, 91; id. Stich. 1, 21, 59; Sall. C. 10, 5:mens melior,
Ter. Ad. 3, 3, 78; Cic. Phil. 3, 5, 13; Liv. 39, 16, 5; Sen. Ben. 1, 11, 4; id. Ep. 10, 4; Pers. 2, 8; Petr. 61.—Personified, Prop. 3 (4), 24, 19; Ov. Am. 1, 2, 31:duos optimae indolis filios,
Val. Max. 5, 7, 2; Sen. Ben. 6, 16, 6; Quint. 1, 2, 5:bonum consilium,
Plaut. Merc. 2, 3, 6; id. Rud. 4, 3, 18; Cic. Off. 1, 33, 121:bona voluntas,
a good purpose, Quint. 12, 11, 31:memoria bona,
Cic. Att. 8, 4, 2:bona ratio cum perdita... confligit,
id. Cat. 2, 11, 25:bonae rationes,
Ter. Ad. 5, 3, 50:pronuntiatio bona,
Auct. Her. 3, 15, 27.—Of moral relations:d.ego si bonam famam mihi servasso, sat ero dives,
Plaut. Most. 1, 3, 71; Cic. Sest. 66, 139; Liv. 6, 11, 7; Hor. S. 1, 2, 61 (cf. Cic. Att. 7, 26, 1;v. e. infra): si ego in causa tam bona cessi tribuni plebis furori,
Cic. Sest. 16, 36; id. Planc. 36, 87; Ov. M. 5, 220:fac, sis, bonae frugi sies,
of good, regular habits, Plaut. Curc. 4, 2, 35; id. Cas. 2, 4, 5; 2, 5, 19; id. Ps. 1, 5, 53; id. Truc. 1, 1, 13; id. Capt. 5, 2, 3 sq. (v. frux, II. B. 1. b.): vilicus disciplina bona utatur. Cato, R. R. 5:bona studia,
moral pursuits, Auct. Her. 4, 17, 25:quidquid vita meliore parasti,
Hor. S. 2, 3, 15: ad spem mortis melioris, an honorable death; so as an epithet of religious exercises:Juppiter, te bonas preces precor,
Cato, R. R. 134; 139.—Of external, artistic, and literary value and usefulness:e.bono usui estis nulli,
Plaut. Curc. 4, 2, 15:Optumo optume optumam operam das,
id. Am. 1, 1, 122:bonam dedistis mihi operam,
a valuable service to me, id. Poen. 2, 3, 70; 3, 6, 11; id. Pers. 4, 7, 11; id. Rud. 3, 6, 11 (in a different sense: me bona opera aut mala Tibi inventurum esse auxilium argentarium, by fair or unfair means, id. Ps. 1, 1, 102;v. e. infra): optima hereditas a patribus traditur liberis... gloria virtutis rerumque gestarum,
Cic. Off. 1, 33, 121:bonum otium,
valuable leisure, Sall. C. 4, 1:bonis versibus,
Cic. Ac. 2, 23, 74:versus meliores,
Plaut. Trin. 3, 2, 81:meliora poemata,
Hor. A. P. 303:in illa pro Ctesiphonte oratione longe optima,
Cic. Or. 8, 26:optimas fabulas,
id. Off. 1, 31, 114:melius munus,
id. Ac. 1, 2, 7.—Favorable, prosperous, lucky, fortunate:f.de Procilio rumores non boni,
unfavorable rumors, Cic. Att. 4, 16, 5:bona de Domitio, praeclara de Afranio fama est,
about their success in the war, id. ib. 7, 26, 1:si fuisset in discipulo comparando meliore fortuna,
id. Pis. 29, 71; cf.fortuna optima esse,
to be in the best pecuniary circumstances, id. ad Brut. 1, 1, 2:occasio tam bona,
Plaut. Most. 2, 2, 9:senex est eo meliore condicione quam adulesoens cum, etc.,
Cic. Sen. 19, 68; id. Fam. 4, 32:bona navigatio,
id. N. D. 3, 34, 83;esp. in phrase bona spes.—Object.: ergo in iis adulescentibus bonam spem esse dicemus et magnam indolem quos, etc.,
Cic. Fin. 2, 35, 117.—Subject.:ego sum spe bona,
Cic. Fam. 12, 28, 3; id. Cat. 2, 11, 25; [p. 245] id. Att. 14, 1 a, 3; id. Q. Fr. 1, 2, 5, § 16:optima spe,
id. Fam. 12, 11, 2.—Pregn., = spes bonarum rerum, Sall. C. 21, 1;v. C. 1. c. infra: meliora responsa,
more favorable, Liv. 7, 21, 6:melior interpretatio,
Tac. H. 3, 65:cum laude et bonis recordationibus,
id. A. 4, 38:amnis Doctus iter melius,
i. e. less injurious, Hor. A. P. 68:omen bonum,
a good, lucky omen, Cic. Pis. 13, 31; cf.Liv. praef. § 13: melius omen,
Ov. F. 1, 221;optimum,
Cic. Fam. 3, 12, 2:bona scaeva,
Plaut. Stich. 5, 2, 24:auspicio optumo,
id. ib. 3, 2, 6; cf.:memini bene, sed meliore Tempore dicam = opportuniore tempore,
Hor. S. 1, 9, 68.—Of public affairs, si mihi bona re publica frui non licuerit, Cic. Mil. 34, 93:g.optima res publica,
id. Or. 1, 1, 1; id. Phil. 1, 8, 19:minus bonis temporibus,
id. Dom. 4, 8; so,optimis temporibus,
id. Sest. 3, 6:nostrae res meliore loco videbantur,
id. ad Brut. 1, 3, 1:lex optima,
id. Pis. 16, 37; id. Sest. 64, 137; id. Phil, 1, 8, 19.—Good = large, considerable:h.bono atque amplo lucro,
Plaut. Am. prol. 6:bona librorum copia,
Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 109; cf.:bona copia cornu,
Ov. M. 9, 88; v. bona pars, C. 8. g.—Noble; with genus, good family, noble extraction, honorable birth: quali me arbitraris genere prognatum? Eu. Bono, Plaut. Aul. 2, 2, 35; so id. Ep. 1, 2, 4; 2, 1, 3; id. Pers. 4, 4, 94:k.si bono genere natus sit,
Auct. Her. 3, 7, 13.—Referring to good-will, kindness, faithfulness, in certain phrases.(α).Bona venia or cum bona venia, with the kind permission of a person addressed, especially bona venia orare, expetere, etc.:(β).primum abs te hoc bona venia expeto,
Ter. Phorm. 2, 3, 31:bona tua venia dixerim,
Cic. Leg. 3, 15, 34:oravit bona venia Quirites, ne, etc.,
Liv. 7, 41, 3:obsecro vos.. bona venia vestra liceat, etc.,
id. 6, 40, 10:cum bona venia quaeso audiatis, etc.,
id. 29, 17, 6; Arn. c. Gent. 1, p. 5; cf.. sed des veniam bonus oro = venia bona oro,
Hor. S. 2, 4, 5.—Bona pax, without quarrelling:(γ).bona pax sit potius,
let us have no quarrel about that, Plaut. Pers. 2, 2, 7;so especially cum bona pace, or bona pace: Hannibal ad Alpis cum bona pace incolentium... pervenit,
without a difficulty with the inhabitants, Liv. 21, 32, 6; 21, 24, 5; 1, 24, 3; 28, 37, 4; 8, 15, 1; cf.: si bonam (pacem) dederitis, = a fair peace, under acceptable conditions, id. 8, 21, 4.—Amicitia bona = bona fide servata, faithful, undisturbed friendship:(δ).igitur amicitia Masinissae bona atque honesta nobis permansit,
Sall. J. 5, 5.—Bona societas, alliance:C.Segestes, memoria bonae societatis, impavidus,
Tac. A. 1, 58.In particular phrases.1.Bonae res.a.= Vitae commoda, comforts of life, abstract or concrete:b.concedatur bonis rebus homines morte privari,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 36, 87:optimis rebus usus est,
he had every most desirable thing, Nep. Att. 18, 1.—= Res secundae, opp. res adversae, prosperity:c.bonis rebus tuis, meas irrides malas,
Plaut. Trin. 2, 4, 45:in bonis rebus,
Hor. C. 2, 3, 2. —Res bona = res familiaris bona, wealth ( poet.): in re bona esse, Laber. ap. Gell. 10, 17, 4.—Also an object of value:d.homines quibus mala abunde omnia erant, sed neque res neque spes bona ulla,
who had no property, nor the hope of any, Sall. C. 21, 1. —Costly things, articles of luxury:e.capere urbem in Arabia plenam bonarum rerum,
Plaut. Pers. 4, 3, 46; 4, 4, 82:nimium rei bonae,
id. Stich. 2, 3, 55:ignorantia bonarum rerum,
Nep. Ages. 8, 5 ' bonis rebus gaudere, Hor. S. 2, 6, 110:re bona copiosum esse,
Gell. 16, 19, 7.—Moral, morally good:f.illi cum res non bonas tractent,
Cic. Ac. 2, 33, 72:ut de virtutibus et vitiis, omninoque de bonis rebus et malis quaererent,
id. ib. 1, 4, 15:quid habemus in rebus bonis et malis explorati?
id. ib. 2, 42, 129; so id. Or. 1, 10, 42; id. Leg. 1, 22, 58:quae tamen omnia dulciora fuint et moribus bonis et artibus,
id. Sen. 18, 65.—In literary composition, important or interesting matter, subjects, or questions:2.res bonas verbis electis dictas quis non legat?
Cic. Fin. 1, 3, 8:studiis generorum, praesertim in re bona,
Plaut. Am. 8, 26.—Bonae artes.(α).A good, laudable way of dealing:(β).qui praeclari facinoris aut artis bonae famam quaerit,
Sall. C. 2, 9:huic bonae artes desunt, dolis atque fallaciis contendit,
id. ib. 11, 2:quod is bonarum artium cupiens erat,
Tac. A. 6, 46.—Liberal arts and sciences:3.litteris aut ulli bonae arti,
Quint. 12, 1, 7:conservate civem bonarum artium, bonarum partium, bonorum virorum,
Cic. Sest. 32, 77. —Esp.:optimae artes: optimarum artium scientia,
Cic. Fin. 1, 3, 4; id. Ac. 2, 1, 1; id. Cael. 10, 24; id. Marcell. 1, 4.—Bona fides, or fides bona.a.Good faith, i. e. conscious honesty in acts or words: qui nummos fide bona solvit, who pays (the price of labor) in good faith, i. e. as it is honestly earned, Cato, R. R. 14:b.dic, bona fide, tu id aurum non subripuisti?
Plaut. Aul. 4, 10, 46; 4, 10, 47; id. Capt. 4, 2, 111; id. Most. 3, 1, 137; id. Poen. 1, 3, 30; id. Pers. 4, 3, 16; id. Ps. 4, 6, 33:si tibi optima fide omnia concessit,
Cic. Rosc. Am. 49, 144; Quint. 10, 3, 23.—Hence, bonae fidei vir, a conscientious man, Quint. 10, 7, 1.—Jurid. t. t.(α).Good faith in contracts and legal acts in general, opposed to dolus malus, honesty and fairness in dealing with another:(β).ad fidem bonam statuit pertinere, notum esse emptori vitium quod nosset venditor,
Cic. Off. 3, 16, 67.—Hence, alienam rem bona fide emere, to buy, believing the seller to be the rightful owner, Dig. 41, 3, 10; 41, 3, 13, § 1. bonae fidei possessor (also possessio), believing that he is the rightful owner, ib. 5, 3, 25, § 11; 5, 3, 22; 41, 3, 15, § 2;41, 3, 24: conventio contra bonam fidem et mores bonos,
ib. 16, 31, § 7: bonam fidem praestare, to be responsible for one ' s good faith, ib. 17, 1, 10 prooem.—Hence,Bonae fidei actiones or judicia, actions in equity, i. e. certain classes of actions in which the strict civil law was set aside by the praetorian edict in favor of equity:4.actiones quaedam bonae fidei sunt, quaedam stricti juris. Bonae fidei sunt haec: exempto vendito, locato conducto, etc.,
Just. Inst. 4, 6, 28, § 19.—In the republican time the praetor added in such actions to his formula for the judex the words ex fide bona, or, in full:quidquid dare facere oportet ex fide bona,
Cic. Off. 3, 16, 66:iste dolus malus et legibus erat vindicatus, et sine lege, judiciis in quibus additur ex fide bona,
id. ib. 3, 15, 61; cf. id. ib. 3, 17, 70.—Bona verba.(α).Kind words:(β).Bona verba quaeso,
Ter. And. 1, 2, 33.—Words of good omen (v. omen):(γ).dicamus bona verba,
Tib. 2, 2, 1:dicite suffuso ter bona verba mero,
Ov. F. 2, 638.—Elegant or well-chosen expressions:(δ).quid est tam furiosum quam verborum vel optimorum atque ornatissimorum sonitus inanis,
Cic. Or. 1, 12, 51:verborum bonorum cursu,
id. Brut. 66, 233:omnia verba sunt alicubi optima,
Quint. 10, 1, 9.—Moral sayings:5.non est quod contemnas bona verba et bonis cogitationibus plena praecordia,
Sen. Vit. Beat. 20, 1. —Bona dicta.(α).Polite, courteous language:(β).hoc petere me precario a vobis jussit leniter dictis bonis,
Plaut. Am. prol. 25.—Witticisms ( bon-mots): flammam a sapiente facilius ore in ardente opprimi, quam bona dicta teneat, Enn. ap. Cic. Or. 2, 54, 222:6.dico unum ridiculum dictum de dictis melioribus quibus solebam menstruales epulas ante adipiscier,
Plaut. Capt. 3, 1, 22:ibo intro ad libros ut discam de dictis melioribus,
id. Stich. 2, 3, 75.—Bona facta.(α).= bene facta (v. bene, I. B. 2. b.), laudable deeds:(β).nobilitas ambobus et majorum bona facta (sc. erant),
Tac. A. 3, 40.—Bonum factum est, colloq., = bene est, bene factum est (v. bene, I. B. 2. b.):(γ).bonum factum est, ut edicta servetis mea,
Plaut. Poen. prol. 16:haec imperata quae sunt pro imperio histrico, bonum hercle factum (est) pro se quisque ut meminerit,
id. ib. 45.— Hence,Elliptically, introducing commands which cannot be enforced, = if you will do so, it will be well:7.peregrinis in senatum allectis, libellus propositus est: bonum factum, ne quis senatori novo curiam monstrare velit,
Suet. Caes. 80:et Chaldaeos edicere: bonum factum, ne Vitellius... usquam esset,
id. Vit. 14:hac die Carthaginem vici: bonum factum, in Capitolium eamus, et deos supplicemus,
Aur. Vict. 49; cf.:o edictum, cui adscribi non poterit bonum factum,
Tert. Pud. 1.—Bona gratia.(α).A friendly understanding:(β).cur non videmus inter nos haec potius cum bona Ut componantur gratia quam cum mala?
Ter. Phorm. 4, 3, 17; so,per gratiam bonam abire,
to part with good feelings, Plaut. Mil. 4, 3, 33.—In jest: sine bona gratia abire, of things cast away, Plaut Truc. 2, 7, 15.—Pleon., in the phrase bonam gratiam habere, = gratiam habere, to thank (v. B. 2. k.), Plaut. Rud. 2, 5, 32; id. Bacch. 4, 8, 99.—8.Bona pars.(α).The well-disposed part of a body of persons:(β).ut plerumque fit, major pars (i. e. of the senate) meliorem vicit,
Liv. 21, 4, 1:pars melior senatus ad meliora responsa trahere,
id. 7, 21, 6.—The good party, i. e. the optimates (gen. in plur.):(γ).civem bonarum partium,
Cic. Sest. 32, 77:(fuit) meliorum partium aliquando,
id. Cael. 6, 13:qui sibi gratiam melioris partis velit quaesitam,
Liv. 2, 44, 3.—Paronom.: (Roscius) semper partium in re publica tam quam in scaena optimarum, i. e. party and part in a drama, Cic. Sest. 56, 120.—Of things or persons, a considerable part (cf. a good deal):(δ).bonam partem ad te adtulit,
Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 43:bonam partem sermonis in hunc diem esse dilatam,
Cic. Or. 2, 3, 14:bonam magnamque partem exercitus,
Val. Max. 5, 2, ext. 4:bona pars noctium,
Quint. 12, 11, 19:bona pars hominum,
Hor. S. 1, 1, 61:meae vocis... bona pars,
id. C. 4, 2, 46; so id. A. P. 297; Ov. P. 1, 8, 74:melior pars diei,
Verg. A. 9, 156.—Rarely, and mostly eccl. Lat.: optima pars, the best part or lot:(ε).nostri melior pars animus est,
Sen. Q. N. 1, prooem. § 14; cf.:quae pars optima est in homine,
best, most valuable, Cic. Tusc. 5, 23, 67:major pars aetatis, certe melior reipublicae data sit,
Sen. Brev. Vit. 18, 1:Maria optimam partem elegit, quae non auferetur ab ea,
Vulg. Luc. 10, 42.—Adverb.:(ζ).bonam partem = ex magna parte,
Lucr. 6, 1249.—Aliquem in optimam partem cognoscere, to know somebody from his most favorable side, Cic. Off. 2, 13, 46: aliquid in optimam partem accipere, to take something in good part, interpret it most favorably:9.Caesar mihi ignoscit quod non venerim, seseque in optimam partem id accipere dicit,
id. Att. 10, 3 a, 2; id. ad Brut. 1, 2, 3:quaeso ut hoc in bonam partem accipias,
id. Rosc. Am. 16, 45.—Dies bonus or bona.(α).A day of good omen, a fortunate day (= dies laetus, faustus):(β).tum tu igitur die bono, Aphrodisiis, addice, etc.,
Plaut. Poen. 2, 49:nunc dicenda bona sunt bona verba die,
Ov. F. 1, 72.—A beautiful, serene day, Sen. Vit. Beat. 22, 3.—10.Bonus mos.(α).Boni mores, referring to individuals, good, decent, moral habits:(β).nihil est amabilius quam morum similitudo bonorum,
Cic. Off. 1, 17, 56:nam hic nimium morbus mores invasit bonos,
Plaut. Trin. 1, 1, 6:domi militiaeque boni mores colebantur,
Sall. C. 9, 1:propter ejus suavissimos et optimos mores,
Cic. Phil. 3, 5, 13:cum per tot annos matronae optimis moribus vixerint,
Liv. 34, 6, 9:mores meliores,
Plaut. Aul. 3, 5, 18.—Bonus mos or boni mores, in the abstract, morality, the laws, rules of morality: ei vos morigerari mos bonu'st, it is a rule of morality that you should, etc., Plaut. Capt. 2, 1, 4:11.ex optimo more et sanctissima disciplina,
Cic. Phil. 2, 28, 69:neglegentia boni moris,
Sen. Ep. 97, 1.—Jurid. t. t.:conventio, mandatum contra bonos mores,
in conflict with morality, Quint. 3, 1, 57; Dig. 16, 3, 1, § 7; Gai. Inst. 3, 157 et saep. —Adverbial phrases.a.Bono animo esse, or bonum animum habere.(α).To be of good cheer or courage:(β).bono animo es! Liberabit ille te homo,
Plaut. Merc 3, 1, 33; so id. Aul. 4, 10, 61; id. Mil. 4, 8, 32; id. Rud. 3, 3, 17; Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 4; id. Heaut. 4, 6, 18; id. Ad. 2, 4, 20; 3, 5, 1; 4, 2, 4; 4, 5, 62; id. Phorm. 5, 8, 72:animo bono es,
Plaut. Ps. 1, 3, 103; id. Am. 2, 2, 48; 5, 2, 1:bono animo es, inquit Scrofa, et fiscinam expedi,
Varr. R. R. 1, 26:bono animo sint et tui et mei familiares,
Cic. Fam. 6, 18, 1; 6, 10, 29:bono animo esse jubere eam consul,
Liv. 39, 13, 7:habe modo bonum animum,
Plaut. Capt. 1, 2, 58; so id. Am. 1, 3, 47; id. Truc. 2, 6, 44; id. Aul. 2, 2, 15:habe animum bonum,
id. Cas. 2, 6, 35; id. Ep. 2, 2, 1; 4, 2, 31:bonum animum habe,
Liv. 45, 8, 5:clamor ortus ut bonum animum haberet,
id. 8, 32, 1; so Sen. Ep. 87, 38.—Bono animo esse, or facere aliquid, to be of a good or friendly disposition, or to do with good, honest intentions:(γ).audire jubet vos imperator histricus, bonoque ut animo sedeant in subselliis qui, etc.,
Plaut. Poen. prol. 5: sunt enim (consules) [p. 246] optimo animo, summo consilio, of the best disposition, Cic. Phil. 3, 1, 2:bono te animo tum populus Romanus... dicere existimavit ea quae sentiebatis, sed, etc.,
id. Imp. Pomp. 19, 56:quod nondum bono animo in populum Romanum viderentur,
Caes. B. G. 1, 6; Quint. 7, 4, 15.—Bonus animus, good temper, patience:b.bonus animus in mala re dimidium mali est,
Plaut. Ps. 1, 5, 37:vos etiam hoc animo meliore feratis,
Ov. M. 9, 433.—Bono modo.(α).= placide, with composure, moderation:(β).si quis quid deliquerit, pro noxa bono modo vindicet,
Cato, R. R. 5:haec tibi tam sunt defendenda quam moenia, mihi autem bono modo, tantum quantum videbitur,
Cic. Ac. 2, 44, 137.—In a decent manner:c.neu quisquam prohibeto filium quin amet... quod bono fiat modo,
Plaut. Merc. 5, 4, 62. —Jure optimo or optimo jure, with good, perfect right:II.te ipse jure optumo incuses licet,
Plaut. Most. 3, 2, 23; id. Rud. 2, 6, 53:ut jure optimo me deserere posses,
Cic. Fam. 3, 8, 6; Sen. Ot. Sap. 2 (29), 2.—With pass. or intr. verb, deservedly:ne jure optimo irrideamur,
Cic. Off. 1, 31, 111; cf. id. ib. 1, 42, 151; id. Marcell. 1, 4;similarly, optimo judicio,
Val. Max. 2, 9, 2.As subst.A.bŏnus, boni, m.; of persons.1.In sing. or plur. orig. = bonus vir, boni viri; v. I. A. 1. a. b, supra, a morally good man.(α).Plur.:(β).bonis quod bene fit haud perit,
Plaut. Rud. 4, 3, 2; id. Capt. 2, 2, 108; id. Trin. 2, 1, 55; id. Pers. 4, 5, 2:melius apud bonos quam apud fortunatos beneficium collocari puto,
Cic. Off. 2, 20, 71:verum esse ut bonos boni diligant, quamobrem... bonis inter bonos quasi necessariam (esse) benevolentiam,
id. Lael. 14, 50:diverso itinere malos a bonis loca taetra... habere,
Sall. C. 52, 13; 7, 2; 52, 22:oderunt peccare boni virtutis amore,
Hor. Ep. 1, 16, 52:tam bonis quam malis conduntur urbes,
Sen. Ben. 4, 28, 4; so id. Vit. Beat. 15, 6; Quint. 9, 2, 76.—Rarely bŏnae, arum, f., good women:quia omnes bonos bonasque adcurare addecet, etc.,
Plaut. Trin. 1, 2, 41.—Sing.:2.malus bonum malum esse volt ut sit sui similis,
Plaut. Trin. 2, 2, 8:nec enim cuique bono mali quidquam evenire potest,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 41, 99; cf.:qui meliorem audax vocet in jus,
Hor. S. 2, 5, 29.—Bonus, a man of honor.(α).A brave man:(β).pro qua (patria) quis bonus dubitet mortem oppetere si ei sit profuturus?
Cic. Off. 1, 17, 57:libertatem quam nemo bonus nisi cum anima simul amittat,
Sall. C. 33, 5:fortes creantur fortibus et bonis,
Hor. C. 4, 4, 29 (opp. ignavi):fama impari boni atque ignavi erant,
Sall. J. 57, 6; 53, 8; id. C. 11, 2. —A gentleman:3. (α).quis enim umquam, qui paululum modo bonorum consuetudinem nosset, litteras ad se ab amico missas... in medium protulit?
Cic. Phil. 2, 4, 7.—In gen. (of political sentiments, = optimates, opp. populares, seditiosi, perditi cives, etc.;(β).so usu. in Cic.): meam causam omnes boni proprie enixeque susceperant,
Cic. Sest. 16, 38:audaces homines et perditi nutu impelluntur... boni, nescio quomodo, tardiores sunt, etc.,
id. ib. 47, 100:ego Kal. Jan. senatum et bonos omnes legis agrariae... metu liberavi,
id. Pis. 2, 4:etenim omnes boni, quantum in ipsis fuit, Caesarem occiderunt,
id. Phil. 2, 13, 29; id. Fam. 5, 2, 8; 5, 21, 2; id. Sest. 2, 5; 16, 36; 48, 103; id. Planc. 35, 86; id. Mil. 2, 5; id. Off. 2. 12, 43:maledictis increpat omnes bonos,
Sall. C. 21, 4; 19, 2; 33, 3; Hirt. B. G. 8, 22; so,optimi,
Cic. Leg. 3, 17, 37; and, ironically, boni identified with the rich:bonorum, id est lautorum et locupletum,
id. Att. 8, 1, 3.—Without reference to political views;4.opp. vulgus (rare): nihil ego istos moror fatuos mores quibus boni dedecorant se,
Plaut. Trin. 2, 2, 22:semper in civitate quibus opes nullae sunt bonis invident,
Sall. C. 37, 3:elatus est sine ulla pompa funeris, comitantibus omnibus bonis, maxima vulgi frequentia,
Nep. Att. 22, 2.—So, mĕlĭōres, um, m., one ' s betters:ut quaestui habeant male loqui melioribus,
Plaut. Poen. 3, 3, 13:da locum melioribus,
Ter. Phorm. 3, 2, 37.—Boni, bone, in addresses, as an expression of courtesy, Hor. S. 2, 2, 1; 2, 6, 51; 2, 6, 95; id. Ep. 2, 2, 37; ironice, id. S. 2, 3, 31.—5.Optimus quisque = quivis bonus, omnes boni.(α).Referring to morality:(β).esse aliquid natura pulcrum quod optimus quisque sequeretur,
every good man, Cic. Sen. 13, 43:qui ita se gerebant ut sua consilia optimo cuique probarent, optimates habebantur,
id. Sest. 45, 96; id. Off. 1, 43, 154; id. Fin. 1, 7, 24; id. Sest. 54, 115; and = even the best:quare deus optimum quemque mala valetudine adficit?
Sen. Prov. 4, 8.—Of the educated classes:(γ). (δ).adhibenda est quaedam reverentia adversus homines, et optimi cujusque et reliquorum,
Cic. Off. 1, 28, 99; cf. id. ib. 1, 25, 85:Catilina plerisque consularibus, praeterea optumo cuique, litteras mittit,
Sall. C. 34, 2:optimo cuique infesta libertas,
Sen. Ot. Sap. 8, 2 (32 fin.).—In gen., excellent:(ε).optimus quisque facere quam dicere... malebat,
Sall. C. 8, 5.—Distributively:(ζ).ita imperium semper ad optumum quemque a minus bono transfertur,
to the best man in each instance, Sall. C. 2, 6.—Referring to another superlative ( = quo quisque melior eo magis, etc.):(η).hic aditus laudis qui semper optimo cuique maxime patuit,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 1, 1; so id. Lael. 4, 14; id. Inv. 2, 11, 36; Sen. Vit. Beat. 18, 1.—Attributively, with a noun:2. 1.optimam quamque causam,
Cic. Sest. 43, 93:optima quaeque dies,
Verg. G. 3, 66.Bonum, or plur. bona, a good, or goods in a moral and metaphysical sense, a moral good, a blessing: sunt autem hae de finibus defensae sententiae: nihil bonum nisi honestum, ut Stoici; nihil bonum nisi voluptatem, ut Epicurus;2.nihil bonum nisi vacuitatem doloris, ut Hieronymus... tria genera bonorum, maxima animi, secunda corporis, externa tertia, ut Peripatetici, etc.,
Cic. Tusc. 5, 30, 84 sq.:quid est igitur bonum? Si quid recte fit et honeste et cum virtute, id bene fieri vere dicitur, et quod rectum et honestum et cum virtute est, id solum opinor bonum,
id. Par. 1, 1, 9:ut quis intellegat, quid sit illud simplex et verum bonum quod non possit ab honestate sejungi,
id. Ac. 1, 2, 7:non-est igitur voluptas bonum,
id. Fin. 1, 11, 39: finis bonorum et malorum (telos agathôn) = summa bona et mala:sunt nonnullae disciplinae quae, propositis bonorum et malorum finibus, officium omne pervertant. Nam qui summum bonum sic instituit ut, etc.,
id. Off. 1, 2, 5; cf. id. Par. 1, 3, 14; id. Ac. 2, 9, 29; 2, 36, 114; 2, 42, 129; id. Fin. 1, 9, 29; 1, 12, 42; id. Tusc. 4, 31, 66; Sen. Vit. Beat. 24, 5; id. Ep. 117, 1 et saep.—Bonum, what is valuable, beneficial, estimable, favorable, pleasant, physically or mentally:3.quoi boni Tantum adfero quantum ipsus a diis optat,
Plaut. Capt. 4, 1, 9:multa bona vobis volt facere,
will do you much good, id. Poen. 5, 4, 60; id. Am. prol. 43, 49; id. Pers. 4, 8, 4; 2, 3, 14; id. Cas. 2, 8, 32:tum demum nostra intellegemus bona quom ea amisimus,
id. Capt. 1, 2, 33:multa tibi di dent bona,
id. Poen. 1, 1, 80; cf. id. ib. 3, 3, 54; 3, 3, 74; id. Mil. 3, 1, 120; id. Men. 3, 3, 34; id. Pers. 4, 3, 23; id. Truc. 1, 2, 23; id. Merc. 1, 2, 40; id. Most. 1, 1, 47:omnia Bona dicere,
to speak in the highest terms of one, Ter. And. 1, 1, 70:sed ne vivus quidem bono caret, si eo non indiget,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 36, 88:cum quaecumque bona Peripateticis, eadem Stoicis commoda viderentur,
id. ib. 5, 41, 120:nihil enim boni nosti,
nothing that is good for any thing, id. Phil. 2, 7, 16:mala pro bonis legere dementia est,
Sen. Vit. Beat. 6, 1; Val. Max. 5, 3, ext. 3 fin.; Hor. S. 1, 2, 73:quia bonum sit valere,
a good thing, Cic. Fin. 4, 23, 62 (cf. III. A. 5. infra):melius: quo quidem haud scio an... quidquam melius sit homini a dis immortalibus datum,
id. Lael. 6, 20:meliora... Aristotelem de istis rebus scripsisse,
id. Or. 1, 10, 43:optimum: difficillimum est formam exponere optimi,
id. ib. 11, 36.— Here belongs the phrase boni consulere;v. consulo.—So after prepositions: in bonum vertere, v. under verto: in melius ire,
to change for the better, Tac. A. 12, 68.—In the same sense: in melius aliquid referre, or reflectere ( poet.), Verg. A. 1, 281; 11, 426; 10, 632:ad melius transcurrere,
to pass over to something better, Hor. S. 2, 2, 82.—Bonum or bona, prosperity:4.fortiter malum qui patitur, idem post patitur bonum,
Plaut. As. 2, 2, 58:nulli est homini perpetuum bonum,
id. Curc. 1, 3, 33:unā tecum bona, mala tolerabimus,
Ter. Phorm. 3, 3, 23:quibus in bonis fuerint et nunc quibus in malis sint, ostenditur ( = in secundis, in adversis rebus),
Cic. Inv. 1, 55, 107.—Good qualities, gifts:5.omnia adsunt bona, quem penes'st virtus,
Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 30:magnis illi et divinis bonis hanc licentiam adsequebantur,
Cic. Off. 1, 41, 148:nisi qui se suā gravitate et castimoniā... tum etiam naturali quodam bono defenderet, etc.,
id. Cael. 5, 11:hunc meā sententiā divinis quibusdam bonis instructum atque ornatum puto,
id. ib. 17, 39:non intellego quod bonum cuiquam sit apud tales viros profuturum,
id. Balb. 28, 63:gaude isto tuo tam excellenti bono,
id. Marcell. 6, 19; so id. Imp. Pomp. 16, 49.—Advantage, benefit:6.si plus adipiscare, re explicatā, boni, quam addubitatā mali,
Cic. Off. 1, 24, 83:saepe cogitavi bonine an mali plus adtulerit... eloquentiae studium,
id. Inv. 1, 1, 1; 2, 35, 106; id. Off. 2, 2, 5; id. Sest. 10, 24:maximum bonum in celeritate ponebat,
Sall. C. 43, 4; so, bono publico (abl.), for the public good:hoc ita si fit, publico fiat bono,
Plaut. Trin. 1, 2, 183; Liv. 2, 44, 3; Dig. 41, 3, 1.—With aequum, what is fair and good, the fair ( thing), fairness, equity:7. a.si bonum aequomque oras,
Plaut. Most. 3, 1, 149; so id. Pers. 3, 1, 71; id. Rud. 1, 2, 94; id. Men. 4, 2, 11:si tu aliquam partem aequi bonique dixeris,
Ter. Phorm. 4, 3, 32; id. Heaut. 4, 1, 29; id. Ad. 1, 1, 39:a quo vivo nec praesens nec absens quidquam aequi bonique impetravit,
Cic. Phil. 2, 37, 94.—Hence, aequo et bono, or ex aequo et bono, in ( with) fairness, in equity, Ter. Ad. 5, 9, 30; Auct. Her. 2, 10, 14; 2, 12, 18; 2, 13, 20; Gai. Inst. 3, 137: aequi bonique, as gen. of value, with facere:istuc, Chreme, Aequi bonique facio,
I place a fair and proper value on it, Ter. Heaut. 4, 5, 40.—In gen.:b.paterna oportet reddi filio bona,
Plaut. Poen. 5, 2, 120:bona sua med habiturum omnia,
id. Truc. 2, 4, 49; cf. id. ib. 2, 7, 6; 4, 2, 29; id. Rud. 2, 6, 22; id. Most. 1, 3, 77; id. Trin. 4, 4, 3; Ter. Eun. 2, 2, 4:bona mea diripiebantur atque ad consulem deferebantur,
Cic. Sest. 24, 54:cum de capite, civis et de bonis proscriptio ferretur,
id. ib. 30, 65:bona, fortunas, possessiones omnium,
id. Caecin. 13, 38:at mulctantur bonis exsules,
id. Tusc. 5, 37, 106; id. Off. 2, 23, 81; id. Par. 1, 1, 7; id. Sest. 19, 42; 43, 94; 52, 111; id. Phil. 2, 26, 64; Caes. B. G. 7, 3; Liv. 2, 3, 5; 2, 5, 5; 4, 15, 8; Tac. A. 2, 48; Quint. 6, 1, 19 et saep.—Bonorum possessio, the possession of one ' s property by another.(α).Bonorum possessio in consequence of bonorum cessio, i. e. an assignment of one ' s property for the benefit of creditors, Dig. 42, tit. 3.—(β).Bonorum possessio granted by the prætor against a contumacious or insolvent debtor (in bona mittere, in bona ire jubere, bona possidere jubere, etc.); cf. Dig. 42, tit. 4:(γ).postulat a Burrieno Naevius ut ex edicto bona possidere liceat,
Cic. Quint. 6, 25, and the whole of c. 8:edixit... neu quis militis... bona possideret aut venderet,
Liv. 2, 24, 6:bona proscribere,
to offer the property thus transferred for sale, Cic. Quint. 6, 25.—Chiefly referring to the property of a defunct person (hereditas), where the prætor, till the heir had proved his right, granted a bonorum possessio secundum tabulas or contra tabulas, Dig. 37, tit. 4; 37, tit. 11.—c.In bonis esse;III.with reference to the older civil law, which distinguished between civil property (habere rem ex jure Quiritium) and natural property (rem in bonis habere, res in bonis est),
Gai. Inst. 2, 40, 41; Dig. 40, 12, 38, § 2; 37, 6, 2, § 1; 37, 6, 3, § 2; ib. Fragm. 1, 16; Gai. Inst. 1, 22; 1, 35; 1, 222; 1, 167; Dig. 1, 8, 1; 27, 10, 10:neque bonorum possessorum, neque... res pleno jure fiunt, sed in bonis efficiuntur,
ib. Fragm. 3, 80.—Hence, nullam omnino arbitrabamur de eā hereditate controversiam eum habiturum, et est hodie in bonis, i. e. [p. 247] the bonorum possessio has been granted to him, which did not give full ownership, but effected only that the hereditas was in bonis. Cic. Fam. 13, 30, 1.Predicative use.A.With nouns or pronouns as subjects.1.Bonum esse, to be morally good, honest:2.nunc mihi bonae necessum est esse ingratiis, Quamquam esse nolo,
Plaut. Cist. 2, 3, 82:bonam ego quam beatam me esse nimio dici mavolo,
id. Poen. 1, 2, 93; so id. Capt. 2, 1, 44; id. Men. 4, 2, 6; id. Rud. prol. 29:itaque viros fortes magnanimos eosdem, bonos et simplices... esse volumus,
Cic. Off. 1, 19, 63; cf. id. ib. 3, 21, 84; id. Att. 15, 6, 1:Cato esse quam videri bonus malebat,
Sall. C. 54, 5:ut politiora, non ut meliora fiant ingenia,
Val. Max. 5, 4, ext. 5 fin. —To be beneficial, prosperous, advantageous, valuable, favorable, serviceable, correct, with reference to both persons and things as subjects, and in regard to physical and mental relations:3.jam istuc non bonumst,
Plaut. Merc. 2, 2, 29; Cato, R. R. 157:oleum viridius et melius fiet,
id. ib. 3:vinum ut alvum bonam faciat,
to correct the bowels, id. ib. 156:quid est homini salute melius?
Plaut. As. 3, 3, 127:non optuma haec sunt, verum meliora quam deterruma,
id. Trin. 2, 3, 1:quid est quod huc possit quod melius sit accedere?
Cic. Fin. 1, 12, 41; 1, 18, 57; id. Tusc. 1, 41, 99:in quo (vestitu), sicut in plerisque rebus, mediocritas optima est,
id. Off. 1, 36, 130; 2, 17, 59; id. Inv. 1, 31, 51; id. Or. 2, 6; 11, 36:meliorem tamen militem... in futura proelia id certamen fecit,
Liv. 2, 51, 3:parvus ut est cygni melior canor, ille gruum quam Clamor,
Lucr. 4, 181; 4, 191:si meliora dies, ut vina, poemata reddit,
Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 34.—So in the optative formula:quod bonum, faustum, felixque sit,
Liv. 1, 28, 7; 1, 17, 10; 39, 15, 1; 3, 54;3, 34.—Also, quod bonum atque fortunatum mihi sit,
Plaut. Cas. 2, 6, 50;and with a noun as subject: ut nobis haec habitatio Bona, fausta, felix, fortunataque evenat,
Plaut. Trin. 1, 2, 3.—To be kind:4.bonus cum probis'st (erus), malus cum malis,
Plaut. Most. 4, 1, 22:hic si vellet bonus ac benignus Esse,
Hor. S. 1, 2, 52.—With reference to the gods:B.ecastor ambae (Fortuna et Salus sunt bonae,
Plaut. As. 3, 3, 129:Palladis aut oculos ausa negare bonos (esse),
Prop. 3, 24, 12 (2, 28, 12).—Impers.1.Bonum est (very rare for the class. bene est; v. bene).(α). (β).With subject inf.:2.nam et stulte facere, et stulte fabularier in aetate haud bonum est,
Plaut. Trin. 2, 4, 61:bonum est pauxillum amare, insane non bonum est,
id. Curc. 1, 3,20.—Melius est.(α).With subject inf.:(β).melius sanam est mentem sumere,
Plaut. Men. 5, 2, 51:nihil sentire est melius quam tam prava sentire,
Cic. Ac. 2, 40, 125; cf. id. Fin. 1, 19, 62; id. Off. 1, 43, 156; so,melius fuit, fuisset, or fuerat,
it would have been better, id. N. D. 3, 33; id. Sen. 23, 82; id. Off. 3, 25, 94:proinde quiesse erit melius,
Liv. 3, 48, 3; 3, 41, 3; Verg. A. 11, 303.—With subject inf.-clause:(γ).meliu'st te quae sunt mandata tibi praevortier,
Plaut. Merc. 2, 3, 125; id. Men. 5, 9, 32.—With ut-clause:(δ).quid melius quam ut hinc intro abeam et me suspendam clanculum,
Plaut. Rud. 4, 4, 145; so id. Ps. 4, 7, 18.—With subjectclause in the subjunctive:3.nunc quid mihi meliu'st quam ilico hic opperiar erum,
Plaut. Rud. 2, 2, 22.—Optimum est.(α).With subject inf.:(β).optimum visum est, captivos quam primum deportare,
Liv. 23, 34, 8:si quis dicit optimum esse navigare,
Sen. Ot. Sap. 8, 4 (32 fin.); so, optimum fuit, it would have been better, and optimum erat, it would be better, Quint. 6, prooem. 3; 11, 2, 33; Hor. S. 2, 1, 7.—With inf.-clause:(γ).constituerunt optimum esse, domum suam quemque reverti,
Caes. B. G. 2, 10: optimum visum est, in fluctuantem aciem tradi equos, etc., Liv 6, 24, 10; 22, 27, 6.—With ut and subj:(δ).hoc vero optimum, ut is qui, etc., id ultimum bonorum, id ipsum quid et quale sit nesciat,
Cic. Fin. 2, 3, 6.—With quod:(ε).illa vero optima (sunt) quod cum Haluntium venisset Archagathum vocari jussit,
Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 23, § 51:optimum vero (est) quod dictaturae nomen in perpetuum de re publica sustulisti,
id. Phil. 2, 36, 91.—With second sup., in the phrase optumum factu est (where factu is redundant):IV.sed hoc mihi optumum factu arbitror,
Plaut. Stich. 1, 2, 16:optimum factu esse duxerant frumento... nostros prohibere,
Caes. B. G. 4, 30:optumum factu credens exercitum augere,
Sall. C. 32, 1 (Kritz, factum); 57, 5 (Kritz, factum).Ellipt. use: di meliora, i. e. dent or velint, i. e. let the gods grant better things than what you say, etc.; God forbid! in full:V.di melius duint,
Ter. Phorm. 5, 9, 16:di meliora velint!
Ov. M. 7, 37.—Ellipt.:di meliora! inquit,
Cic. Sen. 14, 47:id ubi mulier audivit, perturbata, dii meliora inquit, etc.,
Liv. 39, 10, 2; 9, 9, 6; Verg. G. 3, 513;similarly, di melius, i. e. fecerunt,
Val. Max. 6, 1, ext. 3.With object expressed,1.By dat.(α).= good, useful, beneficial for:(β).ambula, id lieni optumum est,
Plaut. Curc. 2, 1, 25:quia vobis eadem quae mihi bona malaque esse intellexi,
Sall. C. 20, 3:bona bello Cornus, jaculis, etc.,
Verg. G. 2, 447.—= benignus or propitius, kind to:(γ).vicinis bonus esto,
Cato, R. R. 4:bene merenti mala es, male merenti bona es,
Plaut. As. 1, 2, 3:vos o mihi Manes, Este boni,
Verg. A. 12, 647.—= idoneus, fit for, adapted to:(δ).qui locus vino optimus dicetur esse,
Cato, R. R. 6:tum erit ei rei optumum tempus,
id. ib. 26:terra cui putre solum, Optima frumentis,
Verg. G. 2, 205; 2, 319; 1, 286.—With sum and dat., in the phrase alicui bono est, it is of service to one, profits him:(ε).accusant in quibus occidi patrem Sex. Roscii bono fuit,
Cic. Rosc. Am. 5, 13:bono fuisse Romanis adventum eorum constabat,
Liv. 7, 12, 4.—Hence, with rel. dat.: cui bono (est), for whose advantage it is:quod si quis usurpet illud Cassianum cui bono fuerit, etc.,
Cic. Phil. 2, 14, 35:cui bono fuisset,
id. Rosc. Am. 30, 84; id. Mil. 12, 32 Ascon. ad loc.; cf.ellipt. form cui bono?
Prisc. p. 1208 P.—With dat. gerund:2.ager oleto conserundo qui in Favonium spectavit, aliis bonus nullus erit,
Cato, R. R. 6; Varr. R. R. 1, 24:(mons) quia pecori bonus alendo erat,
Liv. 29, 31; 9, 10.—By ad and acc.:refert et ad quam rem bona aut non bona sit,
Varr. R. R. 1, 91:occasio quaeritur idoneane fuerit ad rem adoriendam, an alia melior,
Auct. Her. 2, 4, 7:non campos modo militi Romano ad proelium bonos, etc.,
Tac. A. 2, 14. -
20 meliores
bŏnus (old form dŭonus, Carm. Sall. ap. Varr. L. L. 7, § 26 Mull.; cf. Paul. ex Fest. p. 67 Mull.), a, um, adj. [for duonus, cf. bellum, bis, and cf. root dvi-; hence deidô, deos], good; comp. melior, us [cf. Gr. mala, mallon], better; sup. optimus ( optumus, ante-class. and often class.) [root opof ops, opes; cf. copia, apiscor], best.I.Attributively.A.As adjunct of nouns denoting persons.1.Vir bonus.(α).A man morally good (kalos kagathos):(β).quoniam boni me viri pauperant, improbi alunt,
Plaut. Poen. 5, 4, 60:omnibus virtutibus instructos et ornatos tum sapientes, tum viros bonos dicimus,
Cic. Tusc. 5, 10, 28:ille vir bonus qui... intolerabili dolore lacerari potius quam aut officium prodat aut fidem,
id. Ac. 2, 8, 23:sive vir bonus est is qui prodest quibus potest, nocet nemini, certe istum virum bonum non facile reperimus,
id. Off. 3, 15, 64:qui se ita gerunt ut eorum probitas, fides, integritas, etc.... hos viros bonos... appellandos putemus,
id. Lael. 5, 19:non intellegunt se de callido homine loqui, non de bono viro,
id. Att. 7, 2, 4:ut quisque est vir optimus, ita difficillime esse alios improbos suspicatur,
id. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 4, § 12:nec enim melior vir fuit Africano quisquam, nec clarior,
id. Lael. 2, 6; id. Leg. 1, 14, 41; 1, 18, 48; id. Planc. 4, 9; id. Par. 3, 1, 21; id. Marcell. 6, 20; id. Fam. 7, 21; id. Off. 2, 16, 57.—An honest man:(γ).justitia, ex qua viri boni nominantur,
Cic. Off. 1, 7, 21; 1, 44, 155; 2, 11, 39; 2, 12, 42; 2, 20, 71;3, 12, 50: cum is sponsionem fecisset ni vir bonus esset,
id. ib. 3, 19, 77:quoniam Demosthenes nec vir bonus esset, nec bene meritus de civitate,
id. Opt. Gen. 7, 20; cf. id. Rosc. Am. 40, 116.—A man of good standing in the community:(δ).id viri boni arbitratu deducetur,
Cato, R. R. 143; so id. ib. 149:tuam partem viri bono arbitratu... dari oportet,
Dig. 17, 1, [p. 244] 35;37, 6, 2, § 2: quem voles virum bonum nominato,
Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 25, § 55:vir bonus est... quo res sponsore, et quo causae teste tenentur,
Hor. Ep. 1, 16, 40.—Hence, ironically of wealthy men:praetores jus dicunt, aediles ludos parant, viri boni usuras perscribunt,
Cic. Att. 9, 12, 3.—Ironically of bad men:(ε).sed eccum lenonem Lycum, bonum virum,
Plaut. Poen. 5, 5, 52; Ter. Eun. 5, 3, 9; 4, 3, 18; id. Ad. 3, 4, 30:expectabam quinam isti viri boni testes hujus manifesto deprehensi veneni dicerentur,
Cic. Cael. 26, 63:nam socer ejus, vir multum bonus est,
id. Agr. 3, 3, 13;so especially in addresses (mostly comic.): age tu, illuc procede, bone vir!
Plaut. Capt. 5, 2, 1; id. Curc. 5, 2, 12; id. Ps. 4, 7, 48; id. Pers. 5, 2, 11; Ter. And. 3, 5, 10; 5, 2, 5; id. Ad. 4, 2, 17; id. Eun. 5, 2, 11:quid tu, vir optime? Ecquid habes quod dicas?
Cic. Rosc. Am. 36, 104.—Sometimes boni viri = boni, in the sense of optimates (v. I. A. 3.):(ζ).bonis viris quid juris reliquit tribunatus C. Gracchi?
Cic. Leg. 3, 9, 20.—As a conventional courtesy:2.homines optimi non intellegunt, etc.,
Cic. Fin. 1, 7, 25:bone accusator,
id. Rosc. Am. 21, 58:sic illum amicum vocasti, quomodo omnes candidatos bonos viros dicimus,
gentlemen, Sen. Ep. 3, 1.—For bonus vir, a good husband, v. 3.; and for vir optimus, as a laudatory epithet, v. 5.—Boni homines (rare) = boni, better classes of society, v. II. A. 3:3.in foro infimo boni homines atque dites ambulant,
Plaut. Curc. 4, 1, 14.—With nouns denoting persons in regard to their functions, offices, occupations, and qualities, denoting excellence:4.bonus consul,
Liv. 4, 40, 6; 22, 39, 2 (different: consules duos, bonos quidem, sed dumtaxat bonos, amisimus, consuls of good sentiments, almost = bad consuls, Cic. ad Brut. 1, 3, 4):boni tribuni plebis,
Cic. Phil. 1, 10, 25:bonus senator,
id. Prov. Cons. 15, 37:senator bonus,
id. Dom. 4, 8:bonus judex,
id. Verr. 2, 4, 15, § 34:bonus augur (ironically),
id. Phil. 2, 32, 80:bonus vates,
Plaut. Mil. 3, 3, 27:bonus imperator,
Sall. C. 60, 4:bonus dux,
Quint. 12, 1, 43 (cf. trop.:naturam, optimam ducem,
the best guide, Cic. Sen. 2, 5):bonus miles,
Sall. C. 60, 4; Sen. Vit. Beat. 15, 5:bonus orator,
Cic. Fin. 1, 3, 10:optimus orator,
id. Opt. Gen. 1, 3:poeta bonus,
id. de Or. 1, 3, 11; 2, 46, 194; id. Fin. 1, 3, 10:scriptor bonus,
Quint. 10, 1, 104:bonus advocatus,
id. 5, 13, 10:bonus defensor,
id. 5, 13, 3:bonus altercator,
a good debater, id. 6, 4, 10:bonus praeceptor,
id. 5, 13, 44; 10, 5, 22:bonus gubernator,
Cic. Ac. 2, 31, 100:optimus opifex,
Hor. S. 1, 3, 133:sutor bonus,
id. ib. 1, 3, 125:actor optimus,
Cic. Sest. 57, 122:cantor optimus est modulator,
Hor. S. 1, 3, 130:melior gladiator,
Ov. Tr. 4, 6, 33: agricola (colonus, dominus) bonus, Cato, R. R. prooem.; Cic. Sen. 16, 56:bonus paterfamilias,
a thrifty head of the house, Nep. Att. 13, 1:bonus servus,
Plaut. Trin. 4, 3, 58; id. Am. 2, 1, 46; id. Men. 5, 6, 1; Cic. Mil. 22, 58:dominus bonus,
Cato, R. R. 14:bonus custos,
Plaut. Truc. 4, 3, 38.—Ironically, Ter. Phorm. 2, 1, 57:filius bonus,
Plaut. Am. 3, 4, 9:patres,
Quint. 11, 3, 178:parens,
id. 6, prooem. 4: bonus (melior, optimus), viz. a good husband, Cic. Inv. 1, 31, 51 sq.; Liv. 1, 9, 15:uxor melior,
Cic. Inv. 1, 31, 52:amicus,
id. Fam. 2, 15, 3:amicus optimus,
Plaut. Cas. 3, 3, 18:optimus testis,
Cic. Fam. 7, 27, 2:auctor, in two senses,
good authority, id. Att. 5, 12, 3;and = bonus scriptor (post-class.),
Quint. 10, 1, 74.—Esp.:bonus civis (rarely civis bonus): in re publica ea velle quae tranquilla et honesta sint: talem enim solemus et sentire bonum civem et dicere, Cic.-Off. 1, 34, 124: eaque est summa ratio et sapientia boni civis, commoda civium non divellere, atque omnes aequitate eadem continere,
id. ib. 2, 23, 83:eum esse civem et fidelem et bonum,
Plaut. Pers. 1, 2, 15; Cic. Fam. 2, 8, 2; 1, 9, 10; 3, 12, 1; 6, 6, 11; id. Off. 1, 44, 155; Liv. 22, 39, 3; Sall. H. Fragm. 1, 10 Dietsch:optimus et fortissimus civis,
Cic. Fam. 12, 2, 3; id. Sest. 17, 39.—Bonus and optimus as epithets of the gods.(α).In gen.:(β).sed te bonus Mercurius perdat,
Plaut. Cas. 2, 3, 23:fata... bonique divi,
Hor. C. 4, 2, 38:divis orte bonis,
id. ib. 4, 5, 1:O bone deus!
Scrib. Comp. 84 fin.: BONORVM DEORVM, Inscr. ap. Cic. N. D. 3, 34, 84: totidem, pater optime, dixi, Tu mihi da cives, referring to Jupiter, Ov. M. 7, 627.—Optimus Maximus, a standing epithet of Jupiter:(γ).(Juppiter) a majoribus nostris Optimus Maximus (nominatur), et quidem ante optimus, id est beneficentissimus, quam Maximus,
Cic. N. D. 2, 25, 64:Jovem optimum et maximum ob eas res appellant, non quod, etc.,
id. ib. 3, 36, 87:in templo Jovis Optimi Maximi,
id. Sest. 56, 129; id. Prov. Cons. 9, 22:nutu Jovis Optimi Maximi,
id. Cat. 3, 9, 21; Liv. 1, 12, 7; id. 6, 16, 2.—Di boni, O di boni, expressing indignation, sorrow, or surprise:(δ).di boni, hunc visitavi antidhac!
Plaut. Ep. 4, 1, 16:di boni, boni quid porto!
Ter. And. 2, 2, 1:di boni, quid hoc morbi est,
id. Eun. 2, 1, 19; id. Heaut. 2, 3, 13; id. Ad. 3, 3, 86:alter, O di boni, quam taeter incedebat!
Cic. Sest. 8, 19; id. Brut. 84, 288; id. Phil. 2, 8, 20; 2, 32, 80; id. Att. 1, 16, 5; 14, 21, 2; Val. Max. 3, 5, 1; Sen. Vit. Beat. 2, 3.—Bona Dea, etc., v. 6.—5.Optimus as a laudatory epithet.(α).Vir optimus:(β).per vos nobis, per optimos viros optimis civibus periculum inferre conantur,
Cic. Sest. 1, 2:virum optimum et constantissimum M. Cispium,
id. ib. 35, 76:fratrem meum, virum optimum, fortissimum,
id. ib.:consolabor hos praesentes, viros optimos,
id. Balb. 19, 44; id. Planc. 21, 51; 23, 55; id. Mil. 14, 38; id. Marcell. 4, 10; id. Att. 5, 1, 5; Hor. S. 1, 6, 53.—Femina bona, optima:(γ).tua conjunx bona femina,
Cic. Phil. 3, 6, 16:hujus sanctissimae feminae atque optimae pater,
id. ib. —Senex, pater, frater, etc.:(δ).optimus: parentes ejus, prudentissimi atque optimi senis,
Cic. Planc. 41, 97:insuevit pater optimus hoc me,
Hor. S. 1, 4, 105; 2, 1, 12:C. Marcelli, fratris optimi,
Cic. Fam. 4, 7, 6; id. Q. Fr. 2, 6 (8), 2; 2, 4, 2.—With proper names ( poet.):(ε).optimus Vergilius,
Hor. S. 1, 6, 54:Maecenas optimus,
id. ib. 1, 5, 27:optime Quinti,
id. Ep. 1, 16, 1.—Esp. as an epithet of the Roman emperors:6.quid tam civile, tam senatorium quam illud, additum a nobis Optimi cognomen?
Plin. Pan. 2, 7:gratias, inquit, ago, optime Princeps!
Sen. Tranq. 14. 4:ex epistula optimi imperatoris Antonini,
Gai. Inst. 1, 102; cf.:bene te patriae pater optime Caesar,
Ov. F. 2, 637:optime Romulae Custos gentis,
Hor. C. 4, 5, 1.—Bonus and Bona, names of deities.(α).Bona Dea, the goddess of Chastity, whose temple could not be entered by males (cf. Macr. S. 1, 12; Lact. 1, 22):(β).Bonae Deae pulvinaribus,
Cic. Pis. 39, 95; id. Mil. 31, 86; id. Fam. 1, 9, 15; cf.in mal. part.,
Juv. 2, 86 sq.; 6, 314 sq.; 6, 335 sq.—Bonus Eventus, Varr. R. R. 1, 1 med.; Amm. 29, 6, 19; Inscr. Orell. 907; 1780 sq.—(γ).Bona Fortuna:(δ).si bona Fortuna veniat, ne intromiseris,
Plaut. Aul. 1, 3, 22:Bonae Fortunae (signum),
Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 3, § 7:FORTVNAE BONAE DOMESTICAE,
Inscr. Orell. 1743 sq. —Bona Spes:(ε).Spes Bona, obsecro, subventa mihi,
Plaut. Rud. 1, 4, 12:BONAE SPEI,
Aug. Inscr. Grut. 1075, 1.—BONA MENS, Inscr. Orell. 1818 sqq.:B.Mens Bona, si qua dea es, tua me in sacraria dono,
Prop. 3, 24, 19.With nouns denoting things.1.Things concrete, denoting excellence:2.navis bona dicitur non quae pretiosis coloribus picta est... sed stabilis et firma,
Sen. Ep. 76, 13:gladium bonum dices, non cui auratus est balteus, etc., sed cui et ad secandum subtilis acies est, et, etc.,
id. ib. 76, 14:id vinum erit lene et bono colore,
Cato, R. R. 109; Lucr. 2, 418; Ov. Am. 2, 7, 9:tabulas... collocare in bono lumine,
Cic. Brut. 75, 261: ex quavis olea oleum... bonum fieri potest. Cato, R. R. 3:per aestatem boves aquam bonam et liquidam bibant semper curato,
id. ib. 73; cf.:bonae aquae, ironically compared to wine,
Prop. 2, 33 (3, 31), 28:praedium bonum caelum habeat,
good temperature, Cato, R. R. 1:bona tempestate,
in good weather, Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 2, 4:(praedium) solo bono valeat,
by good soil, Cato, R. R. 1:bonae (aedes) cum curantur male,
Plaut. Most. 1, 2, 24:villam bonam,
Cic. Off. 3, 13, 55:bonus pons,
Cat. 17, 5:scyphi optimi (= optime facti),
Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 14, § 32:perbona toreumata,
id. ib. 2, 4, 18, §38: bona domicilia,
comfortable residences, id. N. D. 2, 37, 95:agrum Meliorem nemo habet,
Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 12:fundum meliorem,
Cic. Inv. 1, 31, 52: fundos optimos et fructuosissimos, id. Agr. 3, 4, 14:equus melior,
id. Inv. 1, 31, 52:bona cena,
Cat. 13, 3:boni nummi,
good, not counterfeit, Plaut. As. 3, 3, 144; Cic. Off. 3, 23, 91:super omnia vultus accessere boni,
good looks, Ov. M. 8, 678:mulier bona forma,
of a fine form, Ter. Heaut. 3, 2, 13:equus formae melioris,
Hor. S. 2, 7, 52:tam bona cervix, simul ac jussero, demetur,
fine, beautiful, Suet. Calig. 33:fruges bonae,
Cat. 34, 19:ova suci melioris,
of better flavor, Hor. S. 2, 4, 13.— Trop.:animus aequus optimum est aerumnae condimentum,
Plaut. Rud. 2, 3, 71: bona dextra, a lucky hand (cf.:bonum omen, 2. e.),
Quint. 6, 3, 69:scio te bona esse voce, ne clama nimis,
good, sound, loud voice, Plaut. Most. 3, 1, 43; so,bona firmaque vox,
Quint. 11, 3, 13.—Things abstract.a.Of physical well-being:b.ut si qui neget sine bona valetudine posse bene vivi,
Cic. Inv. 1, 51, 93; Sen. Vit. Beat. 22, 2; Lucr. 3, 102; Val. Max. 2, 5, 6; Quint. 10, 3, 26; 11, 2, 35 et saep.:non bonus somnus de prandio est,
Plaut. Most. 3, 2, 8:bona aetas,
prime of life, Cic. Sen. 14, 48:optima aetate,
id. Fam. 10, 3, 3.—Ironically:bona, inquis, aetate, etc.,
Sen. Ep. 76, 1.—Of the mind and soul:c.meliore esse sensu,
Cic. Sest. 21, 47:optima indoles,
id. Fin. 5, 22, 61:bona conscientia,
Quint. 6, 1, 33; 9, 2, 93; Sen. Vit. Beat. 20, 5:bono ingenio me esse ornatam quam auro multo mavolo,
with a good heart, Plaut. Poen. 1, 2, 91; id. Stich. 1, 21, 59; Sall. C. 10, 5:mens melior,
Ter. Ad. 3, 3, 78; Cic. Phil. 3, 5, 13; Liv. 39, 16, 5; Sen. Ben. 1, 11, 4; id. Ep. 10, 4; Pers. 2, 8; Petr. 61.—Personified, Prop. 3 (4), 24, 19; Ov. Am. 1, 2, 31:duos optimae indolis filios,
Val. Max. 5, 7, 2; Sen. Ben. 6, 16, 6; Quint. 1, 2, 5:bonum consilium,
Plaut. Merc. 2, 3, 6; id. Rud. 4, 3, 18; Cic. Off. 1, 33, 121:bona voluntas,
a good purpose, Quint. 12, 11, 31:memoria bona,
Cic. Att. 8, 4, 2:bona ratio cum perdita... confligit,
id. Cat. 2, 11, 25:bonae rationes,
Ter. Ad. 5, 3, 50:pronuntiatio bona,
Auct. Her. 3, 15, 27.—Of moral relations:d.ego si bonam famam mihi servasso, sat ero dives,
Plaut. Most. 1, 3, 71; Cic. Sest. 66, 139; Liv. 6, 11, 7; Hor. S. 1, 2, 61 (cf. Cic. Att. 7, 26, 1;v. e. infra): si ego in causa tam bona cessi tribuni plebis furori,
Cic. Sest. 16, 36; id. Planc. 36, 87; Ov. M. 5, 220:fac, sis, bonae frugi sies,
of good, regular habits, Plaut. Curc. 4, 2, 35; id. Cas. 2, 4, 5; 2, 5, 19; id. Ps. 1, 5, 53; id. Truc. 1, 1, 13; id. Capt. 5, 2, 3 sq. (v. frux, II. B. 1. b.): vilicus disciplina bona utatur. Cato, R. R. 5:bona studia,
moral pursuits, Auct. Her. 4, 17, 25:quidquid vita meliore parasti,
Hor. S. 2, 3, 15: ad spem mortis melioris, an honorable death; so as an epithet of religious exercises:Juppiter, te bonas preces precor,
Cato, R. R. 134; 139.—Of external, artistic, and literary value and usefulness:e.bono usui estis nulli,
Plaut. Curc. 4, 2, 15:Optumo optume optumam operam das,
id. Am. 1, 1, 122:bonam dedistis mihi operam,
a valuable service to me, id. Poen. 2, 3, 70; 3, 6, 11; id. Pers. 4, 7, 11; id. Rud. 3, 6, 11 (in a different sense: me bona opera aut mala Tibi inventurum esse auxilium argentarium, by fair or unfair means, id. Ps. 1, 1, 102;v. e. infra): optima hereditas a patribus traditur liberis... gloria virtutis rerumque gestarum,
Cic. Off. 1, 33, 121:bonum otium,
valuable leisure, Sall. C. 4, 1:bonis versibus,
Cic. Ac. 2, 23, 74:versus meliores,
Plaut. Trin. 3, 2, 81:meliora poemata,
Hor. A. P. 303:in illa pro Ctesiphonte oratione longe optima,
Cic. Or. 8, 26:optimas fabulas,
id. Off. 1, 31, 114:melius munus,
id. Ac. 1, 2, 7.—Favorable, prosperous, lucky, fortunate:f.de Procilio rumores non boni,
unfavorable rumors, Cic. Att. 4, 16, 5:bona de Domitio, praeclara de Afranio fama est,
about their success in the war, id. ib. 7, 26, 1:si fuisset in discipulo comparando meliore fortuna,
id. Pis. 29, 71; cf.fortuna optima esse,
to be in the best pecuniary circumstances, id. ad Brut. 1, 1, 2:occasio tam bona,
Plaut. Most. 2, 2, 9:senex est eo meliore condicione quam adulesoens cum, etc.,
Cic. Sen. 19, 68; id. Fam. 4, 32:bona navigatio,
id. N. D. 3, 34, 83;esp. in phrase bona spes.—Object.: ergo in iis adulescentibus bonam spem esse dicemus et magnam indolem quos, etc.,
Cic. Fin. 2, 35, 117.—Subject.:ego sum spe bona,
Cic. Fam. 12, 28, 3; id. Cat. 2, 11, 25; [p. 245] id. Att. 14, 1 a, 3; id. Q. Fr. 1, 2, 5, § 16:optima spe,
id. Fam. 12, 11, 2.—Pregn., = spes bonarum rerum, Sall. C. 21, 1;v. C. 1. c. infra: meliora responsa,
more favorable, Liv. 7, 21, 6:melior interpretatio,
Tac. H. 3, 65:cum laude et bonis recordationibus,
id. A. 4, 38:amnis Doctus iter melius,
i. e. less injurious, Hor. A. P. 68:omen bonum,
a good, lucky omen, Cic. Pis. 13, 31; cf.Liv. praef. § 13: melius omen,
Ov. F. 1, 221;optimum,
Cic. Fam. 3, 12, 2:bona scaeva,
Plaut. Stich. 5, 2, 24:auspicio optumo,
id. ib. 3, 2, 6; cf.:memini bene, sed meliore Tempore dicam = opportuniore tempore,
Hor. S. 1, 9, 68.—Of public affairs, si mihi bona re publica frui non licuerit, Cic. Mil. 34, 93:g.optima res publica,
id. Or. 1, 1, 1; id. Phil. 1, 8, 19:minus bonis temporibus,
id. Dom. 4, 8; so,optimis temporibus,
id. Sest. 3, 6:nostrae res meliore loco videbantur,
id. ad Brut. 1, 3, 1:lex optima,
id. Pis. 16, 37; id. Sest. 64, 137; id. Phil, 1, 8, 19.—Good = large, considerable:h.bono atque amplo lucro,
Plaut. Am. prol. 6:bona librorum copia,
Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 109; cf.:bona copia cornu,
Ov. M. 9, 88; v. bona pars, C. 8. g.—Noble; with genus, good family, noble extraction, honorable birth: quali me arbitraris genere prognatum? Eu. Bono, Plaut. Aul. 2, 2, 35; so id. Ep. 1, 2, 4; 2, 1, 3; id. Pers. 4, 4, 94:k.si bono genere natus sit,
Auct. Her. 3, 7, 13.—Referring to good-will, kindness, faithfulness, in certain phrases.(α).Bona venia or cum bona venia, with the kind permission of a person addressed, especially bona venia orare, expetere, etc.:(β).primum abs te hoc bona venia expeto,
Ter. Phorm. 2, 3, 31:bona tua venia dixerim,
Cic. Leg. 3, 15, 34:oravit bona venia Quirites, ne, etc.,
Liv. 7, 41, 3:obsecro vos.. bona venia vestra liceat, etc.,
id. 6, 40, 10:cum bona venia quaeso audiatis, etc.,
id. 29, 17, 6; Arn. c. Gent. 1, p. 5; cf.. sed des veniam bonus oro = venia bona oro,
Hor. S. 2, 4, 5.—Bona pax, without quarrelling:(γ).bona pax sit potius,
let us have no quarrel about that, Plaut. Pers. 2, 2, 7;so especially cum bona pace, or bona pace: Hannibal ad Alpis cum bona pace incolentium... pervenit,
without a difficulty with the inhabitants, Liv. 21, 32, 6; 21, 24, 5; 1, 24, 3; 28, 37, 4; 8, 15, 1; cf.: si bonam (pacem) dederitis, = a fair peace, under acceptable conditions, id. 8, 21, 4.—Amicitia bona = bona fide servata, faithful, undisturbed friendship:(δ).igitur amicitia Masinissae bona atque honesta nobis permansit,
Sall. J. 5, 5.—Bona societas, alliance:C.Segestes, memoria bonae societatis, impavidus,
Tac. A. 1, 58.In particular phrases.1.Bonae res.a.= Vitae commoda, comforts of life, abstract or concrete:b.concedatur bonis rebus homines morte privari,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 36, 87:optimis rebus usus est,
he had every most desirable thing, Nep. Att. 18, 1.—= Res secundae, opp. res adversae, prosperity:c.bonis rebus tuis, meas irrides malas,
Plaut. Trin. 2, 4, 45:in bonis rebus,
Hor. C. 2, 3, 2. —Res bona = res familiaris bona, wealth ( poet.): in re bona esse, Laber. ap. Gell. 10, 17, 4.—Also an object of value:d.homines quibus mala abunde omnia erant, sed neque res neque spes bona ulla,
who had no property, nor the hope of any, Sall. C. 21, 1. —Costly things, articles of luxury:e.capere urbem in Arabia plenam bonarum rerum,
Plaut. Pers. 4, 3, 46; 4, 4, 82:nimium rei bonae,
id. Stich. 2, 3, 55:ignorantia bonarum rerum,
Nep. Ages. 8, 5 ' bonis rebus gaudere, Hor. S. 2, 6, 110:re bona copiosum esse,
Gell. 16, 19, 7.—Moral, morally good:f.illi cum res non bonas tractent,
Cic. Ac. 2, 33, 72:ut de virtutibus et vitiis, omninoque de bonis rebus et malis quaererent,
id. ib. 1, 4, 15:quid habemus in rebus bonis et malis explorati?
id. ib. 2, 42, 129; so id. Or. 1, 10, 42; id. Leg. 1, 22, 58:quae tamen omnia dulciora fuint et moribus bonis et artibus,
id. Sen. 18, 65.—In literary composition, important or interesting matter, subjects, or questions:2.res bonas verbis electis dictas quis non legat?
Cic. Fin. 1, 3, 8:studiis generorum, praesertim in re bona,
Plaut. Am. 8, 26.—Bonae artes.(α).A good, laudable way of dealing:(β).qui praeclari facinoris aut artis bonae famam quaerit,
Sall. C. 2, 9:huic bonae artes desunt, dolis atque fallaciis contendit,
id. ib. 11, 2:quod is bonarum artium cupiens erat,
Tac. A. 6, 46.—Liberal arts and sciences:3.litteris aut ulli bonae arti,
Quint. 12, 1, 7:conservate civem bonarum artium, bonarum partium, bonorum virorum,
Cic. Sest. 32, 77. —Esp.:optimae artes: optimarum artium scientia,
Cic. Fin. 1, 3, 4; id. Ac. 2, 1, 1; id. Cael. 10, 24; id. Marcell. 1, 4.—Bona fides, or fides bona.a.Good faith, i. e. conscious honesty in acts or words: qui nummos fide bona solvit, who pays (the price of labor) in good faith, i. e. as it is honestly earned, Cato, R. R. 14:b.dic, bona fide, tu id aurum non subripuisti?
Plaut. Aul. 4, 10, 46; 4, 10, 47; id. Capt. 4, 2, 111; id. Most. 3, 1, 137; id. Poen. 1, 3, 30; id. Pers. 4, 3, 16; id. Ps. 4, 6, 33:si tibi optima fide omnia concessit,
Cic. Rosc. Am. 49, 144; Quint. 10, 3, 23.—Hence, bonae fidei vir, a conscientious man, Quint. 10, 7, 1.—Jurid. t. t.(α).Good faith in contracts and legal acts in general, opposed to dolus malus, honesty and fairness in dealing with another:(β).ad fidem bonam statuit pertinere, notum esse emptori vitium quod nosset venditor,
Cic. Off. 3, 16, 67.—Hence, alienam rem bona fide emere, to buy, believing the seller to be the rightful owner, Dig. 41, 3, 10; 41, 3, 13, § 1. bonae fidei possessor (also possessio), believing that he is the rightful owner, ib. 5, 3, 25, § 11; 5, 3, 22; 41, 3, 15, § 2;41, 3, 24: conventio contra bonam fidem et mores bonos,
ib. 16, 31, § 7: bonam fidem praestare, to be responsible for one ' s good faith, ib. 17, 1, 10 prooem.—Hence,Bonae fidei actiones or judicia, actions in equity, i. e. certain classes of actions in which the strict civil law was set aside by the praetorian edict in favor of equity:4.actiones quaedam bonae fidei sunt, quaedam stricti juris. Bonae fidei sunt haec: exempto vendito, locato conducto, etc.,
Just. Inst. 4, 6, 28, § 19.—In the republican time the praetor added in such actions to his formula for the judex the words ex fide bona, or, in full:quidquid dare facere oportet ex fide bona,
Cic. Off. 3, 16, 66:iste dolus malus et legibus erat vindicatus, et sine lege, judiciis in quibus additur ex fide bona,
id. ib. 3, 15, 61; cf. id. ib. 3, 17, 70.—Bona verba.(α).Kind words:(β).Bona verba quaeso,
Ter. And. 1, 2, 33.—Words of good omen (v. omen):(γ).dicamus bona verba,
Tib. 2, 2, 1:dicite suffuso ter bona verba mero,
Ov. F. 2, 638.—Elegant or well-chosen expressions:(δ).quid est tam furiosum quam verborum vel optimorum atque ornatissimorum sonitus inanis,
Cic. Or. 1, 12, 51:verborum bonorum cursu,
id. Brut. 66, 233:omnia verba sunt alicubi optima,
Quint. 10, 1, 9.—Moral sayings:5.non est quod contemnas bona verba et bonis cogitationibus plena praecordia,
Sen. Vit. Beat. 20, 1. —Bona dicta.(α).Polite, courteous language:(β).hoc petere me precario a vobis jussit leniter dictis bonis,
Plaut. Am. prol. 25.—Witticisms ( bon-mots): flammam a sapiente facilius ore in ardente opprimi, quam bona dicta teneat, Enn. ap. Cic. Or. 2, 54, 222:6.dico unum ridiculum dictum de dictis melioribus quibus solebam menstruales epulas ante adipiscier,
Plaut. Capt. 3, 1, 22:ibo intro ad libros ut discam de dictis melioribus,
id. Stich. 2, 3, 75.—Bona facta.(α).= bene facta (v. bene, I. B. 2. b.), laudable deeds:(β).nobilitas ambobus et majorum bona facta (sc. erant),
Tac. A. 3, 40.—Bonum factum est, colloq., = bene est, bene factum est (v. bene, I. B. 2. b.):(γ).bonum factum est, ut edicta servetis mea,
Plaut. Poen. prol. 16:haec imperata quae sunt pro imperio histrico, bonum hercle factum (est) pro se quisque ut meminerit,
id. ib. 45.— Hence,Elliptically, introducing commands which cannot be enforced, = if you will do so, it will be well:7.peregrinis in senatum allectis, libellus propositus est: bonum factum, ne quis senatori novo curiam monstrare velit,
Suet. Caes. 80:et Chaldaeos edicere: bonum factum, ne Vitellius... usquam esset,
id. Vit. 14:hac die Carthaginem vici: bonum factum, in Capitolium eamus, et deos supplicemus,
Aur. Vict. 49; cf.:o edictum, cui adscribi non poterit bonum factum,
Tert. Pud. 1.—Bona gratia.(α).A friendly understanding:(β).cur non videmus inter nos haec potius cum bona Ut componantur gratia quam cum mala?
Ter. Phorm. 4, 3, 17; so,per gratiam bonam abire,
to part with good feelings, Plaut. Mil. 4, 3, 33.—In jest: sine bona gratia abire, of things cast away, Plaut Truc. 2, 7, 15.—Pleon., in the phrase bonam gratiam habere, = gratiam habere, to thank (v. B. 2. k.), Plaut. Rud. 2, 5, 32; id. Bacch. 4, 8, 99.—8.Bona pars.(α).The well-disposed part of a body of persons:(β).ut plerumque fit, major pars (i. e. of the senate) meliorem vicit,
Liv. 21, 4, 1:pars melior senatus ad meliora responsa trahere,
id. 7, 21, 6.—The good party, i. e. the optimates (gen. in plur.):(γ).civem bonarum partium,
Cic. Sest. 32, 77:(fuit) meliorum partium aliquando,
id. Cael. 6, 13:qui sibi gratiam melioris partis velit quaesitam,
Liv. 2, 44, 3.—Paronom.: (Roscius) semper partium in re publica tam quam in scaena optimarum, i. e. party and part in a drama, Cic. Sest. 56, 120.—Of things or persons, a considerable part (cf. a good deal):(δ).bonam partem ad te adtulit,
Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 43:bonam partem sermonis in hunc diem esse dilatam,
Cic. Or. 2, 3, 14:bonam magnamque partem exercitus,
Val. Max. 5, 2, ext. 4:bona pars noctium,
Quint. 12, 11, 19:bona pars hominum,
Hor. S. 1, 1, 61:meae vocis... bona pars,
id. C. 4, 2, 46; so id. A. P. 297; Ov. P. 1, 8, 74:melior pars diei,
Verg. A. 9, 156.—Rarely, and mostly eccl. Lat.: optima pars, the best part or lot:(ε).nostri melior pars animus est,
Sen. Q. N. 1, prooem. § 14; cf.:quae pars optima est in homine,
best, most valuable, Cic. Tusc. 5, 23, 67:major pars aetatis, certe melior reipublicae data sit,
Sen. Brev. Vit. 18, 1:Maria optimam partem elegit, quae non auferetur ab ea,
Vulg. Luc. 10, 42.—Adverb.:(ζ).bonam partem = ex magna parte,
Lucr. 6, 1249.—Aliquem in optimam partem cognoscere, to know somebody from his most favorable side, Cic. Off. 2, 13, 46: aliquid in optimam partem accipere, to take something in good part, interpret it most favorably:9.Caesar mihi ignoscit quod non venerim, seseque in optimam partem id accipere dicit,
id. Att. 10, 3 a, 2; id. ad Brut. 1, 2, 3:quaeso ut hoc in bonam partem accipias,
id. Rosc. Am. 16, 45.—Dies bonus or bona.(α).A day of good omen, a fortunate day (= dies laetus, faustus):(β).tum tu igitur die bono, Aphrodisiis, addice, etc.,
Plaut. Poen. 2, 49:nunc dicenda bona sunt bona verba die,
Ov. F. 1, 72.—A beautiful, serene day, Sen. Vit. Beat. 22, 3.—10.Bonus mos.(α).Boni mores, referring to individuals, good, decent, moral habits:(β).nihil est amabilius quam morum similitudo bonorum,
Cic. Off. 1, 17, 56:nam hic nimium morbus mores invasit bonos,
Plaut. Trin. 1, 1, 6:domi militiaeque boni mores colebantur,
Sall. C. 9, 1:propter ejus suavissimos et optimos mores,
Cic. Phil. 3, 5, 13:cum per tot annos matronae optimis moribus vixerint,
Liv. 34, 6, 9:mores meliores,
Plaut. Aul. 3, 5, 18.—Bonus mos or boni mores, in the abstract, morality, the laws, rules of morality: ei vos morigerari mos bonu'st, it is a rule of morality that you should, etc., Plaut. Capt. 2, 1, 4:11.ex optimo more et sanctissima disciplina,
Cic. Phil. 2, 28, 69:neglegentia boni moris,
Sen. Ep. 97, 1.—Jurid. t. t.:conventio, mandatum contra bonos mores,
in conflict with morality, Quint. 3, 1, 57; Dig. 16, 3, 1, § 7; Gai. Inst. 3, 157 et saep. —Adverbial phrases.a.Bono animo esse, or bonum animum habere.(α).To be of good cheer or courage:(β).bono animo es! Liberabit ille te homo,
Plaut. Merc 3, 1, 33; so id. Aul. 4, 10, 61; id. Mil. 4, 8, 32; id. Rud. 3, 3, 17; Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 4; id. Heaut. 4, 6, 18; id. Ad. 2, 4, 20; 3, 5, 1; 4, 2, 4; 4, 5, 62; id. Phorm. 5, 8, 72:animo bono es,
Plaut. Ps. 1, 3, 103; id. Am. 2, 2, 48; 5, 2, 1:bono animo es, inquit Scrofa, et fiscinam expedi,
Varr. R. R. 1, 26:bono animo sint et tui et mei familiares,
Cic. Fam. 6, 18, 1; 6, 10, 29:bono animo esse jubere eam consul,
Liv. 39, 13, 7:habe modo bonum animum,
Plaut. Capt. 1, 2, 58; so id. Am. 1, 3, 47; id. Truc. 2, 6, 44; id. Aul. 2, 2, 15:habe animum bonum,
id. Cas. 2, 6, 35; id. Ep. 2, 2, 1; 4, 2, 31:bonum animum habe,
Liv. 45, 8, 5:clamor ortus ut bonum animum haberet,
id. 8, 32, 1; so Sen. Ep. 87, 38.—Bono animo esse, or facere aliquid, to be of a good or friendly disposition, or to do with good, honest intentions:(γ).audire jubet vos imperator histricus, bonoque ut animo sedeant in subselliis qui, etc.,
Plaut. Poen. prol. 5: sunt enim (consules) [p. 246] optimo animo, summo consilio, of the best disposition, Cic. Phil. 3, 1, 2:bono te animo tum populus Romanus... dicere existimavit ea quae sentiebatis, sed, etc.,
id. Imp. Pomp. 19, 56:quod nondum bono animo in populum Romanum viderentur,
Caes. B. G. 1, 6; Quint. 7, 4, 15.—Bonus animus, good temper, patience:b.bonus animus in mala re dimidium mali est,
Plaut. Ps. 1, 5, 37:vos etiam hoc animo meliore feratis,
Ov. M. 9, 433.—Bono modo.(α).= placide, with composure, moderation:(β).si quis quid deliquerit, pro noxa bono modo vindicet,
Cato, R. R. 5:haec tibi tam sunt defendenda quam moenia, mihi autem bono modo, tantum quantum videbitur,
Cic. Ac. 2, 44, 137.—In a decent manner:c.neu quisquam prohibeto filium quin amet... quod bono fiat modo,
Plaut. Merc. 5, 4, 62. —Jure optimo or optimo jure, with good, perfect right:II.te ipse jure optumo incuses licet,
Plaut. Most. 3, 2, 23; id. Rud. 2, 6, 53:ut jure optimo me deserere posses,
Cic. Fam. 3, 8, 6; Sen. Ot. Sap. 2 (29), 2.—With pass. or intr. verb, deservedly:ne jure optimo irrideamur,
Cic. Off. 1, 31, 111; cf. id. ib. 1, 42, 151; id. Marcell. 1, 4;similarly, optimo judicio,
Val. Max. 2, 9, 2.As subst.A.bŏnus, boni, m.; of persons.1.In sing. or plur. orig. = bonus vir, boni viri; v. I. A. 1. a. b, supra, a morally good man.(α).Plur.:(β).bonis quod bene fit haud perit,
Plaut. Rud. 4, 3, 2; id. Capt. 2, 2, 108; id. Trin. 2, 1, 55; id. Pers. 4, 5, 2:melius apud bonos quam apud fortunatos beneficium collocari puto,
Cic. Off. 2, 20, 71:verum esse ut bonos boni diligant, quamobrem... bonis inter bonos quasi necessariam (esse) benevolentiam,
id. Lael. 14, 50:diverso itinere malos a bonis loca taetra... habere,
Sall. C. 52, 13; 7, 2; 52, 22:oderunt peccare boni virtutis amore,
Hor. Ep. 1, 16, 52:tam bonis quam malis conduntur urbes,
Sen. Ben. 4, 28, 4; so id. Vit. Beat. 15, 6; Quint. 9, 2, 76.—Rarely bŏnae, arum, f., good women:quia omnes bonos bonasque adcurare addecet, etc.,
Plaut. Trin. 1, 2, 41.—Sing.:2.malus bonum malum esse volt ut sit sui similis,
Plaut. Trin. 2, 2, 8:nec enim cuique bono mali quidquam evenire potest,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 41, 99; cf.:qui meliorem audax vocet in jus,
Hor. S. 2, 5, 29.—Bonus, a man of honor.(α).A brave man:(β).pro qua (patria) quis bonus dubitet mortem oppetere si ei sit profuturus?
Cic. Off. 1, 17, 57:libertatem quam nemo bonus nisi cum anima simul amittat,
Sall. C. 33, 5:fortes creantur fortibus et bonis,
Hor. C. 4, 4, 29 (opp. ignavi):fama impari boni atque ignavi erant,
Sall. J. 57, 6; 53, 8; id. C. 11, 2. —A gentleman:3. (α).quis enim umquam, qui paululum modo bonorum consuetudinem nosset, litteras ad se ab amico missas... in medium protulit?
Cic. Phil. 2, 4, 7.—In gen. (of political sentiments, = optimates, opp. populares, seditiosi, perditi cives, etc.;(β).so usu. in Cic.): meam causam omnes boni proprie enixeque susceperant,
Cic. Sest. 16, 38:audaces homines et perditi nutu impelluntur... boni, nescio quomodo, tardiores sunt, etc.,
id. ib. 47, 100:ego Kal. Jan. senatum et bonos omnes legis agrariae... metu liberavi,
id. Pis. 2, 4:etenim omnes boni, quantum in ipsis fuit, Caesarem occiderunt,
id. Phil. 2, 13, 29; id. Fam. 5, 2, 8; 5, 21, 2; id. Sest. 2, 5; 16, 36; 48, 103; id. Planc. 35, 86; id. Mil. 2, 5; id. Off. 2. 12, 43:maledictis increpat omnes bonos,
Sall. C. 21, 4; 19, 2; 33, 3; Hirt. B. G. 8, 22; so,optimi,
Cic. Leg. 3, 17, 37; and, ironically, boni identified with the rich:bonorum, id est lautorum et locupletum,
id. Att. 8, 1, 3.—Without reference to political views;4.opp. vulgus (rare): nihil ego istos moror fatuos mores quibus boni dedecorant se,
Plaut. Trin. 2, 2, 22:semper in civitate quibus opes nullae sunt bonis invident,
Sall. C. 37, 3:elatus est sine ulla pompa funeris, comitantibus omnibus bonis, maxima vulgi frequentia,
Nep. Att. 22, 2.—So, mĕlĭōres, um, m., one ' s betters:ut quaestui habeant male loqui melioribus,
Plaut. Poen. 3, 3, 13:da locum melioribus,
Ter. Phorm. 3, 2, 37.—Boni, bone, in addresses, as an expression of courtesy, Hor. S. 2, 2, 1; 2, 6, 51; 2, 6, 95; id. Ep. 2, 2, 37; ironice, id. S. 2, 3, 31.—5.Optimus quisque = quivis bonus, omnes boni.(α).Referring to morality:(β).esse aliquid natura pulcrum quod optimus quisque sequeretur,
every good man, Cic. Sen. 13, 43:qui ita se gerebant ut sua consilia optimo cuique probarent, optimates habebantur,
id. Sest. 45, 96; id. Off. 1, 43, 154; id. Fin. 1, 7, 24; id. Sest. 54, 115; and = even the best:quare deus optimum quemque mala valetudine adficit?
Sen. Prov. 4, 8.—Of the educated classes:(γ). (δ).adhibenda est quaedam reverentia adversus homines, et optimi cujusque et reliquorum,
Cic. Off. 1, 28, 99; cf. id. ib. 1, 25, 85:Catilina plerisque consularibus, praeterea optumo cuique, litteras mittit,
Sall. C. 34, 2:optimo cuique infesta libertas,
Sen. Ot. Sap. 8, 2 (32 fin.).—In gen., excellent:(ε).optimus quisque facere quam dicere... malebat,
Sall. C. 8, 5.—Distributively:(ζ).ita imperium semper ad optumum quemque a minus bono transfertur,
to the best man in each instance, Sall. C. 2, 6.—Referring to another superlative ( = quo quisque melior eo magis, etc.):(η).hic aditus laudis qui semper optimo cuique maxime patuit,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 1, 1; so id. Lael. 4, 14; id. Inv. 2, 11, 36; Sen. Vit. Beat. 18, 1.—Attributively, with a noun:2. 1.optimam quamque causam,
Cic. Sest. 43, 93:optima quaeque dies,
Verg. G. 3, 66.Bonum, or plur. bona, a good, or goods in a moral and metaphysical sense, a moral good, a blessing: sunt autem hae de finibus defensae sententiae: nihil bonum nisi honestum, ut Stoici; nihil bonum nisi voluptatem, ut Epicurus;2.nihil bonum nisi vacuitatem doloris, ut Hieronymus... tria genera bonorum, maxima animi, secunda corporis, externa tertia, ut Peripatetici, etc.,
Cic. Tusc. 5, 30, 84 sq.:quid est igitur bonum? Si quid recte fit et honeste et cum virtute, id bene fieri vere dicitur, et quod rectum et honestum et cum virtute est, id solum opinor bonum,
id. Par. 1, 1, 9:ut quis intellegat, quid sit illud simplex et verum bonum quod non possit ab honestate sejungi,
id. Ac. 1, 2, 7:non-est igitur voluptas bonum,
id. Fin. 1, 11, 39: finis bonorum et malorum (telos agathôn) = summa bona et mala:sunt nonnullae disciplinae quae, propositis bonorum et malorum finibus, officium omne pervertant. Nam qui summum bonum sic instituit ut, etc.,
id. Off. 1, 2, 5; cf. id. Par. 1, 3, 14; id. Ac. 2, 9, 29; 2, 36, 114; 2, 42, 129; id. Fin. 1, 9, 29; 1, 12, 42; id. Tusc. 4, 31, 66; Sen. Vit. Beat. 24, 5; id. Ep. 117, 1 et saep.—Bonum, what is valuable, beneficial, estimable, favorable, pleasant, physically or mentally:3.quoi boni Tantum adfero quantum ipsus a diis optat,
Plaut. Capt. 4, 1, 9:multa bona vobis volt facere,
will do you much good, id. Poen. 5, 4, 60; id. Am. prol. 43, 49; id. Pers. 4, 8, 4; 2, 3, 14; id. Cas. 2, 8, 32:tum demum nostra intellegemus bona quom ea amisimus,
id. Capt. 1, 2, 33:multa tibi di dent bona,
id. Poen. 1, 1, 80; cf. id. ib. 3, 3, 54; 3, 3, 74; id. Mil. 3, 1, 120; id. Men. 3, 3, 34; id. Pers. 4, 3, 23; id. Truc. 1, 2, 23; id. Merc. 1, 2, 40; id. Most. 1, 1, 47:omnia Bona dicere,
to speak in the highest terms of one, Ter. And. 1, 1, 70:sed ne vivus quidem bono caret, si eo non indiget,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 36, 88:cum quaecumque bona Peripateticis, eadem Stoicis commoda viderentur,
id. ib. 5, 41, 120:nihil enim boni nosti,
nothing that is good for any thing, id. Phil. 2, 7, 16:mala pro bonis legere dementia est,
Sen. Vit. Beat. 6, 1; Val. Max. 5, 3, ext. 3 fin.; Hor. S. 1, 2, 73:quia bonum sit valere,
a good thing, Cic. Fin. 4, 23, 62 (cf. III. A. 5. infra):melius: quo quidem haud scio an... quidquam melius sit homini a dis immortalibus datum,
id. Lael. 6, 20:meliora... Aristotelem de istis rebus scripsisse,
id. Or. 1, 10, 43:optimum: difficillimum est formam exponere optimi,
id. ib. 11, 36.— Here belongs the phrase boni consulere;v. consulo.—So after prepositions: in bonum vertere, v. under verto: in melius ire,
to change for the better, Tac. A. 12, 68.—In the same sense: in melius aliquid referre, or reflectere ( poet.), Verg. A. 1, 281; 11, 426; 10, 632:ad melius transcurrere,
to pass over to something better, Hor. S. 2, 2, 82.—Bonum or bona, prosperity:4.fortiter malum qui patitur, idem post patitur bonum,
Plaut. As. 2, 2, 58:nulli est homini perpetuum bonum,
id. Curc. 1, 3, 33:unā tecum bona, mala tolerabimus,
Ter. Phorm. 3, 3, 23:quibus in bonis fuerint et nunc quibus in malis sint, ostenditur ( = in secundis, in adversis rebus),
Cic. Inv. 1, 55, 107.—Good qualities, gifts:5.omnia adsunt bona, quem penes'st virtus,
Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 30:magnis illi et divinis bonis hanc licentiam adsequebantur,
Cic. Off. 1, 41, 148:nisi qui se suā gravitate et castimoniā... tum etiam naturali quodam bono defenderet, etc.,
id. Cael. 5, 11:hunc meā sententiā divinis quibusdam bonis instructum atque ornatum puto,
id. ib. 17, 39:non intellego quod bonum cuiquam sit apud tales viros profuturum,
id. Balb. 28, 63:gaude isto tuo tam excellenti bono,
id. Marcell. 6, 19; so id. Imp. Pomp. 16, 49.—Advantage, benefit:6.si plus adipiscare, re explicatā, boni, quam addubitatā mali,
Cic. Off. 1, 24, 83:saepe cogitavi bonine an mali plus adtulerit... eloquentiae studium,
id. Inv. 1, 1, 1; 2, 35, 106; id. Off. 2, 2, 5; id. Sest. 10, 24:maximum bonum in celeritate ponebat,
Sall. C. 43, 4; so, bono publico (abl.), for the public good:hoc ita si fit, publico fiat bono,
Plaut. Trin. 1, 2, 183; Liv. 2, 44, 3; Dig. 41, 3, 1.—With aequum, what is fair and good, the fair ( thing), fairness, equity:7. a.si bonum aequomque oras,
Plaut. Most. 3, 1, 149; so id. Pers. 3, 1, 71; id. Rud. 1, 2, 94; id. Men. 4, 2, 11:si tu aliquam partem aequi bonique dixeris,
Ter. Phorm. 4, 3, 32; id. Heaut. 4, 1, 29; id. Ad. 1, 1, 39:a quo vivo nec praesens nec absens quidquam aequi bonique impetravit,
Cic. Phil. 2, 37, 94.—Hence, aequo et bono, or ex aequo et bono, in ( with) fairness, in equity, Ter. Ad. 5, 9, 30; Auct. Her. 2, 10, 14; 2, 12, 18; 2, 13, 20; Gai. Inst. 3, 137: aequi bonique, as gen. of value, with facere:istuc, Chreme, Aequi bonique facio,
I place a fair and proper value on it, Ter. Heaut. 4, 5, 40.—In gen.:b.paterna oportet reddi filio bona,
Plaut. Poen. 5, 2, 120:bona sua med habiturum omnia,
id. Truc. 2, 4, 49; cf. id. ib. 2, 7, 6; 4, 2, 29; id. Rud. 2, 6, 22; id. Most. 1, 3, 77; id. Trin. 4, 4, 3; Ter. Eun. 2, 2, 4:bona mea diripiebantur atque ad consulem deferebantur,
Cic. Sest. 24, 54:cum de capite, civis et de bonis proscriptio ferretur,
id. ib. 30, 65:bona, fortunas, possessiones omnium,
id. Caecin. 13, 38:at mulctantur bonis exsules,
id. Tusc. 5, 37, 106; id. Off. 2, 23, 81; id. Par. 1, 1, 7; id. Sest. 19, 42; 43, 94; 52, 111; id. Phil. 2, 26, 64; Caes. B. G. 7, 3; Liv. 2, 3, 5; 2, 5, 5; 4, 15, 8; Tac. A. 2, 48; Quint. 6, 1, 19 et saep.—Bonorum possessio, the possession of one ' s property by another.(α).Bonorum possessio in consequence of bonorum cessio, i. e. an assignment of one ' s property for the benefit of creditors, Dig. 42, tit. 3.—(β).Bonorum possessio granted by the prætor against a contumacious or insolvent debtor (in bona mittere, in bona ire jubere, bona possidere jubere, etc.); cf. Dig. 42, tit. 4:(γ).postulat a Burrieno Naevius ut ex edicto bona possidere liceat,
Cic. Quint. 6, 25, and the whole of c. 8:edixit... neu quis militis... bona possideret aut venderet,
Liv. 2, 24, 6:bona proscribere,
to offer the property thus transferred for sale, Cic. Quint. 6, 25.—Chiefly referring to the property of a defunct person (hereditas), where the prætor, till the heir had proved his right, granted a bonorum possessio secundum tabulas or contra tabulas, Dig. 37, tit. 4; 37, tit. 11.—c.In bonis esse;III.with reference to the older civil law, which distinguished between civil property (habere rem ex jure Quiritium) and natural property (rem in bonis habere, res in bonis est),
Gai. Inst. 2, 40, 41; Dig. 40, 12, 38, § 2; 37, 6, 2, § 1; 37, 6, 3, § 2; ib. Fragm. 1, 16; Gai. Inst. 1, 22; 1, 35; 1, 222; 1, 167; Dig. 1, 8, 1; 27, 10, 10:neque bonorum possessorum, neque... res pleno jure fiunt, sed in bonis efficiuntur,
ib. Fragm. 3, 80.—Hence, nullam omnino arbitrabamur de eā hereditate controversiam eum habiturum, et est hodie in bonis, i. e. [p. 247] the bonorum possessio has been granted to him, which did not give full ownership, but effected only that the hereditas was in bonis. Cic. Fam. 13, 30, 1.Predicative use.A.With nouns or pronouns as subjects.1.Bonum esse, to be morally good, honest:2.nunc mihi bonae necessum est esse ingratiis, Quamquam esse nolo,
Plaut. Cist. 2, 3, 82:bonam ego quam beatam me esse nimio dici mavolo,
id. Poen. 1, 2, 93; so id. Capt. 2, 1, 44; id. Men. 4, 2, 6; id. Rud. prol. 29:itaque viros fortes magnanimos eosdem, bonos et simplices... esse volumus,
Cic. Off. 1, 19, 63; cf. id. ib. 3, 21, 84; id. Att. 15, 6, 1:Cato esse quam videri bonus malebat,
Sall. C. 54, 5:ut politiora, non ut meliora fiant ingenia,
Val. Max. 5, 4, ext. 5 fin. —To be beneficial, prosperous, advantageous, valuable, favorable, serviceable, correct, with reference to both persons and things as subjects, and in regard to physical and mental relations:3.jam istuc non bonumst,
Plaut. Merc. 2, 2, 29; Cato, R. R. 157:oleum viridius et melius fiet,
id. ib. 3:vinum ut alvum bonam faciat,
to correct the bowels, id. ib. 156:quid est homini salute melius?
Plaut. As. 3, 3, 127:non optuma haec sunt, verum meliora quam deterruma,
id. Trin. 2, 3, 1:quid est quod huc possit quod melius sit accedere?
Cic. Fin. 1, 12, 41; 1, 18, 57; id. Tusc. 1, 41, 99:in quo (vestitu), sicut in plerisque rebus, mediocritas optima est,
id. Off. 1, 36, 130; 2, 17, 59; id. Inv. 1, 31, 51; id. Or. 2, 6; 11, 36:meliorem tamen militem... in futura proelia id certamen fecit,
Liv. 2, 51, 3:parvus ut est cygni melior canor, ille gruum quam Clamor,
Lucr. 4, 181; 4, 191:si meliora dies, ut vina, poemata reddit,
Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 34.—So in the optative formula:quod bonum, faustum, felixque sit,
Liv. 1, 28, 7; 1, 17, 10; 39, 15, 1; 3, 54;3, 34.—Also, quod bonum atque fortunatum mihi sit,
Plaut. Cas. 2, 6, 50;and with a noun as subject: ut nobis haec habitatio Bona, fausta, felix, fortunataque evenat,
Plaut. Trin. 1, 2, 3.—To be kind:4.bonus cum probis'st (erus), malus cum malis,
Plaut. Most. 4, 1, 22:hic si vellet bonus ac benignus Esse,
Hor. S. 1, 2, 52.—With reference to the gods:B.ecastor ambae (Fortuna et Salus sunt bonae,
Plaut. As. 3, 3, 129:Palladis aut oculos ausa negare bonos (esse),
Prop. 3, 24, 12 (2, 28, 12).—Impers.1.Bonum est (very rare for the class. bene est; v. bene).(α). (β).With subject inf.:2.nam et stulte facere, et stulte fabularier in aetate haud bonum est,
Plaut. Trin. 2, 4, 61:bonum est pauxillum amare, insane non bonum est,
id. Curc. 1, 3,20.—Melius est.(α).With subject inf.:(β).melius sanam est mentem sumere,
Plaut. Men. 5, 2, 51:nihil sentire est melius quam tam prava sentire,
Cic. Ac. 2, 40, 125; cf. id. Fin. 1, 19, 62; id. Off. 1, 43, 156; so,melius fuit, fuisset, or fuerat,
it would have been better, id. N. D. 3, 33; id. Sen. 23, 82; id. Off. 3, 25, 94:proinde quiesse erit melius,
Liv. 3, 48, 3; 3, 41, 3; Verg. A. 11, 303.—With subject inf.-clause:(γ).meliu'st te quae sunt mandata tibi praevortier,
Plaut. Merc. 2, 3, 125; id. Men. 5, 9, 32.—With ut-clause:(δ).quid melius quam ut hinc intro abeam et me suspendam clanculum,
Plaut. Rud. 4, 4, 145; so id. Ps. 4, 7, 18.—With subjectclause in the subjunctive:3.nunc quid mihi meliu'st quam ilico hic opperiar erum,
Plaut. Rud. 2, 2, 22.—Optimum est.(α).With subject inf.:(β).optimum visum est, captivos quam primum deportare,
Liv. 23, 34, 8:si quis dicit optimum esse navigare,
Sen. Ot. Sap. 8, 4 (32 fin.); so, optimum fuit, it would have been better, and optimum erat, it would be better, Quint. 6, prooem. 3; 11, 2, 33; Hor. S. 2, 1, 7.—With inf.-clause:(γ).constituerunt optimum esse, domum suam quemque reverti,
Caes. B. G. 2, 10: optimum visum est, in fluctuantem aciem tradi equos, etc., Liv 6, 24, 10; 22, 27, 6.—With ut and subj:(δ).hoc vero optimum, ut is qui, etc., id ultimum bonorum, id ipsum quid et quale sit nesciat,
Cic. Fin. 2, 3, 6.—With quod:(ε).illa vero optima (sunt) quod cum Haluntium venisset Archagathum vocari jussit,
Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 23, § 51:optimum vero (est) quod dictaturae nomen in perpetuum de re publica sustulisti,
id. Phil. 2, 36, 91.—With second sup., in the phrase optumum factu est (where factu is redundant):IV.sed hoc mihi optumum factu arbitror,
Plaut. Stich. 1, 2, 16:optimum factu esse duxerant frumento... nostros prohibere,
Caes. B. G. 4, 30:optumum factu credens exercitum augere,
Sall. C. 32, 1 (Kritz, factum); 57, 5 (Kritz, factum).Ellipt. use: di meliora, i. e. dent or velint, i. e. let the gods grant better things than what you say, etc.; God forbid! in full:V.di melius duint,
Ter. Phorm. 5, 9, 16:di meliora velint!
Ov. M. 7, 37.—Ellipt.:di meliora! inquit,
Cic. Sen. 14, 47:id ubi mulier audivit, perturbata, dii meliora inquit, etc.,
Liv. 39, 10, 2; 9, 9, 6; Verg. G. 3, 513;similarly, di melius, i. e. fecerunt,
Val. Max. 6, 1, ext. 3.With object expressed,1.By dat.(α).= good, useful, beneficial for:(β).ambula, id lieni optumum est,
Plaut. Curc. 2, 1, 25:quia vobis eadem quae mihi bona malaque esse intellexi,
Sall. C. 20, 3:bona bello Cornus, jaculis, etc.,
Verg. G. 2, 447.—= benignus or propitius, kind to:(γ).vicinis bonus esto,
Cato, R. R. 4:bene merenti mala es, male merenti bona es,
Plaut. As. 1, 2, 3:vos o mihi Manes, Este boni,
Verg. A. 12, 647.—= idoneus, fit for, adapted to:(δ).qui locus vino optimus dicetur esse,
Cato, R. R. 6:tum erit ei rei optumum tempus,
id. ib. 26:terra cui putre solum, Optima frumentis,
Verg. G. 2, 205; 2, 319; 1, 286.—With sum and dat., in the phrase alicui bono est, it is of service to one, profits him:(ε).accusant in quibus occidi patrem Sex. Roscii bono fuit,
Cic. Rosc. Am. 5, 13:bono fuisse Romanis adventum eorum constabat,
Liv. 7, 12, 4.—Hence, with rel. dat.: cui bono (est), for whose advantage it is:quod si quis usurpet illud Cassianum cui bono fuerit, etc.,
Cic. Phil. 2, 14, 35:cui bono fuisset,
id. Rosc. Am. 30, 84; id. Mil. 12, 32 Ascon. ad loc.; cf.ellipt. form cui bono?
Prisc. p. 1208 P.—With dat. gerund:2.ager oleto conserundo qui in Favonium spectavit, aliis bonus nullus erit,
Cato, R. R. 6; Varr. R. R. 1, 24:(mons) quia pecori bonus alendo erat,
Liv. 29, 31; 9, 10.—By ad and acc.:refert et ad quam rem bona aut non bona sit,
Varr. R. R. 1, 91:occasio quaeritur idoneane fuerit ad rem adoriendam, an alia melior,
Auct. Her. 2, 4, 7:non campos modo militi Romano ad proelium bonos, etc.,
Tac. A. 2, 14.
См. также в других словарях:
LORICA — inventum Midiae Messenii, Plin. l. 7. c. 56. Tib. Donato describitur his verbis, ad Virg. Aen. l. 11. v. 770. Quem pellis ahenis In plumam squamis, auro conserta tegebat. Et tetigit, inquit, sepciem, et quomodo facta esset lorica, ostendit. Pelle … Hofmann J. Lexicon universale
TRICLINIUM — Graece τρίκλινον, a lectis, in quibus vescebantur olim, dictum est. Sic autem Lipsius; Antiqq. Lection. l. 3. In conaculo collocabatur mensa rotunda, humilis: inferiorum quidem hominum tripes et ex simplici ligno: lautiorum citrea aut acerna aut… … Hofmann J. Lexicon universale
IMAGINES — I. IMAGINES in Gentilium religione multi usûs, qui tamen non apud omnes eorum semper viguit. Nam fuêre, qui urcumque Numina colentes varia, aut Solem saltem sub variis nominibus, neque atas, neque statuas Imag insque ullas eorum hab uêre, nec… … Hofmann J. Lexicon universale
